Spring Cloud学习笔记—基于Nacos的服务注册与发现实操练习

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-12-31 05:28 38阅读 0赞

### Spring Cloud学习笔记—基于Nacos的服务注册与发现实操练习 ###

*  1、使用eclipse-STS创建服务提供程序
 *  2、使用eclipse-STS创建服务消费程序

关于Nacos的安装与配置不在本文范围中，详情请参看Nacos官网： [https://nacos.io/][https_nacos.io]

# 1、使用eclipse-STS创建服务提供程序 #

1、打开eclipse-sts，点击File->New->Spring Starter Project，出现新建向导对话框，如下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
Name输入NacosServiceProvider1  
Group输入wongoing  
Artifact输入ms  
Package输入com.wongoing  
2、点击"Next"按钮，出现下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
勾选Spring Web  
3、点击"Finish"按钮，完成工程创建  
4、修改pom.xml，增加以下依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

5、修改pom.xml中Spring boot的版本与nacos-discovery版本一致，完整pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath/> 
    	</parent>
    	<groupId>wongoing</groupId>
    	<artifactId>ms</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<name>NacosServiceProvider1</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
    	<properties>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    		    <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    		</dependency>		
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    		</repository>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
    			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>true</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
    	<pluginRepositories>
    		<pluginRepository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    		</pluginRepository>
    		<pluginRepository>
    			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
    			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>true</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</pluginRepository>
    	</pluginRepositories>
    
    </project>

6、在spring boot启动类中增加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解，代码如下：

package com.wongoing;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class NacosServiceProvider1Application { 
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		SpringApplication.run(NacosServiceProvider1Application.class, args);
    	}
    
    }

7、新建一个包com.wongoing.controller，在此包下创建一个类TestController.java，代码如下：

package com.wongoing.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @RestController
    public class TestController { 
    
    	@RequestMapping(value="/echo/{str}")
    	public String echo(@PathVariable String str) { 
    		return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + str;
    	}
    }

8、重命名src/main/resources/application.properties为src/main/resources/application.yml，完整内如下：

server:
      port: 9001
    spring:
      application:
        name: service-provider-1
        
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: 121.36.94.212:8848

9、启动此项目，启动后可以在Nacos管理控制台中看到下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

# 2、使用eclipse-STS创建服务消费程序 #

1、在eclipse-sts中点击File->New->Spring Starter Project，如下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
Name输入NacosServiceConsumer1  
Group输入wongoing  
Artifact输入ms  
Package输入com.wongoing  
2、点击"Next"按钮，出现下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
选择依赖Spring Web  
3、点击“Finish"按钮完成工程创建。  
4、修改pom.xml，增加以下依赖：

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

5、修改pom.xml中Spring boot的版本与nacos-discovery版本一致，完整pom.xml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath/> 
    	</parent>
    	<groupId>wongoing</groupId>
    	<artifactId>ms</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<name>NacosServiceConsumer1</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
    	<properties>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    		    <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    		</repository>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
    			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>true</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
    	<pluginRepositories>
    		<pluginRepository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    		</pluginRepository>
    		<pluginRepository>
    			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
    			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>true</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</pluginRepository>
    	</pluginRepositories>
    
    </project>

6、修改spring boot启动类，增加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解，并增加一个RestTemplate的Bean，完整代码如下：

package com.wongoing;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class NacosServiceConsumer1Application { 
    
    	@LoadBalanced
    	@Bean
    	public RestTemplate restTemplate() { 
    		return new RestTemplate();
    	}
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		SpringApplication.run(NacosServiceConsumer1Application.class, args);
    	}
    }

7、创建一个包com.wongoing.service.remote，在此包下创建一个类TestService.java，代码如下：

package com.wongoing.service.remote;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Service
    public class TestService { 
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    	
    	public String echo(String str) { 
    		return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-provider-1/test/echo/" + str, String.class);
    	}
    }

8、创建一个包com.wongoing.controller，在此包下创建一个类TestController.java，代码如下：

package com.wongoing.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import com.wongoing.service.remote.TestService;
    
    @RestController
    public class TestController { 
    
    	@Autowired
    	private TestService service;
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/test")
    	public String test() { 
    		return this.service.echo("wongoing");
    	}
    }

9、启动此项目，并打开浏览器在地址栏中输入：http://localhost:8080/test，出现下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20201228173335543.png]  
说明在访问service-consumer-1中的一个功能时，service-consumer-1又调用了service-provider-1的功能，并调用成功！此案例模拟的服务注册（服务提供者）与服务发现（服务消费者）的调用实现。

[https_nacos.io]: https://nacos.io/
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3psYmRtbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221120/13fdac34bba84d81a293b5e254e17978.png
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[20201228173335543.png]: /images/20221120/5317b0c013ee4b3dbdc19d8c3a5a6b8b.png