linux（ARM）架构下的mysql安装使用（完整版）

以你之姓@ 2024-04-07 13:30 96阅读 0赞

**目录**

一、安装MYSQL之前要先换源

二、安装MYSQL

1、安装

2、安装完成

3、安装后无法登陆

3.1 原因

3.2 登陆后切换database

3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号)

3.4查看一下用户

3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效

3.6 退出

3.7 重启

三、mysql使用测试

--------------------

## 一、安装MYSQL之前要先换源 ##

1.备份系统之前的源，也可以不备份，将之前的源注释掉

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2.修改源文件/etc/apt/sources.list

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

将原来的内容删除，将下面的源内容粘贴上。

3.这里推荐比较好的两个国内源

3.1阿里源（arm64，速度快，推荐）

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main
     
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main
     
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universe
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universe
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universe
     
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universe
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universe

3.2 华为源（arm64,速度快，二者选其一）

deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
     
    deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
     
    deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
     
    deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
     
    ## Not recommended
    # deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

4.更新仓库

apt-get update

4.1处理报错

可能出现报错

> 由于没有公钥，无法验证下列签名...

以下命令解决：

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 40976EAF437D05B5 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32

5.清除软件仓库缓存

apt-get clean

6.更新软件仓库

apt-get update

完成，可以安装MYSQL了

## 二、安装MYSQL ##

### 1、安装 ###

sudo apt-get install mysql-server          //服务端
    sudo apt-get install mysql-client          //客户端
    sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev    //程序编译时链接的库

### 2、安装完成 ###

安装完成之后dpkg命令查看状态

dpkg -l | grep mysql

输出以下信息则安装成功

ii  mysql-client-5.7                              5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database client binaries
    ii  mysql-client-core-5.7                         5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database core client binaries
    ii  mysql-common                                  5.8+1.0.5                       all          MySQL database common files, e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf
    ii  mysql-server                                  5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         all          MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)
    ii  mysql-server-5.7                              5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database server binaries and system database setup
    ii  mysql-server-core-5.7                         5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database server binaries

使用如下命令启动mysql

service mysql start

启动后使用如下命令查看状态

sudo netstat -anp | grep mysql

显示如下说明启动成功：

tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      27608/mysqld        
    unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     648125   27608/mysqld         /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     648111   27608/mysqld

使用命令进行登陆

mysql -u root -p

输入密码，进行登陆，如果之前没有设置密码请看第3步

> aaron@aaron-Raytine-PC:~$ mysql -u root -p  
> Enter password:  
> Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.  
> Your MySQL connection id is 9  
> Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)  
> Copyright © 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  
> Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
> affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
> owners.  
> Type ‘help;’ or ‘\\h’ for help. Type ‘\\c’ to clear the current input statement.  
> mysql>

### 3、安装后无法登陆 ###

#### 3.1 原因 ####

原因一(大部分)：

> 你是root安装的： 在本机命令行下输入： mysql -uroot 就可以直接登录，然后修改用户名密码啥的

原因二：

> 使用mysql -u root -p命令但是不知道root密码是因为之前没有设置，这个时候进行环境配置，设置root密码。
> 
> 1、首先，进行忽略密码登陆，打开配置文件
> 
>     sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
> 
> 2、在最后加入skip-grant-tables
> 
>     #
>     # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
>     # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
>     #
>     # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".
>     #
>     # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
>     # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
>     # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem
>     skip-grant-tables
>     -- 插入 --
> 
> 3、保存退出
> 
> 4、重启以下mysql服务
> 
> sudo service mysql stop
> 
> sudo service mysql start
> 
> 5、重新登陆
> 
>     mysql -u mysql
> 
> 进行3.2步骤，所有步骤执行完注释掉skip-grant-tables

原因三：没有把之前的mysql卸载干净

彻底删除MySQL

> 在删除mysql前 须要先删除一下 /var/lib/mysql 还有 /etc/mysqlubuntu
> 
> 先停止mysql服务
> 
>     systemctl stop mysql
> 
> 须要输入如下几条命令
> 
>     sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R 
>     sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R
>     sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge
>     sudo apt-get remove apparmor
> 
> 确保没有mysql的文件夹可忽略此步骤
> 
>     sudo find / -name mysql
> 
> 再次安装
> 
>     sudo apt-get install mysql-server          //服务端
>     sudo apt-get install mysql-client          //客户端
>     sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev    //程序编译时链接的库

#### 3.2 登陆后切换database ####

~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
    Enter password:

直接回车

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 3
    Server version: 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql>

换为database

mysql> use mysql;
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    
    Database changed
    mysql>

#### 3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号) ####

mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("123456") where user="root";
    Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

#### 3.4查看一下用户 ####

select user,host from mysql.user;

出现以下信息则配置完成

#### 3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效 ####

flush privileges;

#### 3.6 退出 ####

quit

#### 3.7 重启 ####

sudo service mysql restart

## 三、mysql使用测试 ##

1、建立一个数据库

mysql> create database joyrun;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

2、查看当前数据库

3、建立一个表

mysql> use joyrun
    Database changed
    mysql> create table tbl_run(id int,name varchar(5),primary key (id));
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

4、查看表的结构

5、修改字节长度

6、现在表中不能添加中文字段，修改字符集后才可以

修改库字符集：alter database joyrun character set utf8;
    
    修改表字符集：alter table tbl_run character set utf8;
    
    修改字段字符集：alter table tbl_run change name name varchar(20) character set utf8;

7、增加一条数据

mysql> insert into tbl_run (id,name) values (1,'xiaoming');
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
    mysql> select * from tbl_run;
    +----+----------+
    | id | name     |
    +----+----------+
    |  1 | xiaoming |
    +----+----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)