Linux Oracle服务启动&停止脚本与开机自启动

小灰灰 2021-02-12 17:43 1009阅读 0赞

在CentOS 6.3下安装完Oracle 10g R2，重开机之后，你会发现Oracle没有自行启动，这是正常的，因为在Linux下安装Oracle的确不会自行启动，必须要自行设定相关参数，首先先介绍一般而言如何启动oracle。

一、在Linux下启动Oracle

登录到CentOS，切换到oracle用户权限

# su – oracle

接着输入：

$ sqlplus “/as sysdba”

原本的画面会变为
SQL>

接着请输入
SQL> startup

就可以正常的启动数据库了。

2012112316015357.jpg

另外停止数据库的指令如下：
SQL> shutdown immediate

简单些：

我用的是Redhat Linux，用下面的步骤来启动oracle数据库。
首先使用oracle用户登录Linux，然后在shell命令行中执行下面的命令：
第一步：打开Oracle监听
$ lsnrctl start
第二步：进入sqlplus
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL>
第三步：使用sysdab角色登录sqlplus
SQL> conn /as sysdba
第四步：启动数据库
SQL> startup
经过上面的四个步骤，oracle数据库就可以启动了。

二、检查Oracle DB监听器是否正常

回到终端机模式，输入：

$ lsnrctl status

检查看看监听器是否有启动

2012112316023398.jpg

如果没有启动，可以输入：

$ lsnrctl start

启动监听器

2012112316025926.jpg

SQL> conn sys@orcl as sysdba

然后输入密码，sys以sysdba身份登入数据库。

2012112316034994.jpg

三、启动emctl

另外也可以发现http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是没有反应的，这边要另外启动，启动的指令如下：

$ emctl start dbconsole

这个指令运行时间较长，执行完的画面如下：

2012112316032450.jpg

手动启动Oracle数据库完毕，下面创建系统自行启动Oracle的脚本。

四、Oracle启动&停止脚本

  1. 修改Oracle系统配置文件：/etc/oratab，只有这样，Oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。

# vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/opt/oracle/102:Y

# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::

  1. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下创建文件oracle，内容如下：
  1. #!/bin/sh
  2. # chkconfig: 35 80 10
  3. # description: Oracle auto start-stop script.
  5. #
  6. # Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME
  7. # from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;
  8. #
  9. # Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
  10. # Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
  11. ORA_HOME=/opt/oracle/102
  12. ORA_OWNER=oracle
  13. if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]
  14. then
  15.     echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
  16.     exit
  17. fi
  18. case "$1" in
  19. 'start')
  20. # Start the Oracle databases:
  21. echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "
  22. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  23. date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
  24. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  25. su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle
  26. echo "Done"
  28. # Start the Listener:
  29. echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "
  30. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  31. date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
  32. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  33. su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle
  34. echo "Done."
  35. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  36. date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
  37. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  38. touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle
  39. ;;
  41. 'stop')
  42. # Stop the Oracle Listener:
  43. echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "
  44. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  45. date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
  46. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  47. su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle
  48. echo "Done."
  49. rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle
  51. # Stop the Oracle Database:
  52. echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "
  53. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  54. date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
  55. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  56. su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle
  57. echo "Done."
  58. echo ""
  59. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  60. date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
  61. echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
  62. ;;
  64. 'restart')
  65. $0 stop
  66. $0 start
  67. ;;
  68. esac

  1. 改变文件权限
    # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

  2. 添加服务
    # chkconfig —level 35 oracle on

  3. 需要在关机或重启机器之前停止数据库，做一下操作
    # ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle //关机
    # ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle //重启

  4. 使用方法
    # service oracle start //启动oracle
    # service oracle stop //关闭oracle
    # service oracle restart //重启oracle

  5. 测试

a. 开机自启动

  1. Last login: Mon Nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145
  2. [root@ORS ~]# su - oracle
  3. [oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
  5. SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:07:33 2012
  7. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  10. Connected to:
  11. Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
  12. With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
  14. SQL> set linesize 300;
  15. SQL> set pagesize 30;
  16. SQL> select * from scott.emp;
  18.      EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
  19. ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  20.       7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
  21.       7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
  22.       7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
  23.       7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
  24.       7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
  25.       7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
  26.       7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
  27.       7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    20
  28.       7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
  29.       7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
  30.       7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
  31.       7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
  32.       7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
  33.       7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10
  35. 14 rows selected.
  37. SQL>

2012112714382845.jpg

b. service oracle stop

  1. SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
  2. With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
  3. [oracle@ORS ~]$ logout
  4. [root@ORS ~]# service oracle stop
  5. Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
  6. Done.
  7. Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
  8. Done.
  10. [root@ORS ~]# su - oracle
  11. [oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
  13. SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:17:20 2012
  15. Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  17. Connected to an idle instance.
  19. SQL> set linesize 300;
  20. SQL> set pagesize 30;
  21. SQL> select * from scott.emp;
  22. select * from scott.emp
  23. *
  24. ERROR at line 1:
  25. ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
  28. SQL>

2012112714442927.jpg

c. service oracle start

  1. SQL> Disconnected
  2. [oracle@ORS ~]$ logout
  3. [root@ORS ~]# service oracle start
  4. Starting Oracle Databases ... 
  5. Done
  6. Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
  7. Done.
  8. [root@ORS ~]#

2012112714524977.jpg

d. service oracle restart

  1. [root@ORS ~]# service oracle restart
  2. Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
  3. Done.
  4. Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
  5. Done.
  7. Starting Oracle Databases ... 
  8. Done
  9. Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
  10. Done.
  11. [root@ORS ~]#

2012112715005379.jpg

至此，Oracle服务启动&停止脚本与开机自启动设置完毕。

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