Python 实现js与Django后台的前后台交互

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2021-05-18 15:39 684阅读 0赞

### 背景： ###

python小白准备用python写个后台项目，前后台交互的时间遇到一些问题，记录如下：

### 代码结构： ###

目录结构：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

前台请求：

urls.py中配置：

urlpatterns = [
        url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
        url(r'^login/', views.login),
        url(r'^regist_url/', views.regist_url),
    ]

在views.py中定义regist\_url方法：

def regist_url(request):
        data = json.loads(request.body)
        username = data["username"]
        password = data["password"]
        print "用户名："+username
        print "密码："+password
        return HttpResponse(request.body)

启动项目，执行/regist\_url/请求。

后台打印：

![20190626190431561.png][]

同时return HttpResponse(request.body)返回到前台，前台打印：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

这样，前后台交互就好了！

### 注意： ###

1.Django对Post请求有中间件防御机制csrf，会出现403 Forbidden错误

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

有两种解决方法：

（1）：直接在settings.py中将django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware全局注释,

MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
        #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    ]

（2）.或者对views.py的方法上新增@csrf\_exempt注解，去除csrf防御

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
    
    @csrf_exempt
    def regist_url(request):
        data = json.loads(request.body)
        username = data["username"]
        password = data["password"]
        print "用户名："+username
        print "密码："+password
        return HttpResponse(request.body)

2.请求报错

RuntimeError: You called this URL via POST, but the URL doesn't end in a slash and you have APPEND\_SLASH set. Django can't redirect to the slash URL while maintaining POST data. Change your form to point to 127.0.0.1:8000/regist\_url/ (note the trailing slash), or set APPEND\_SLASH=False in your Django settings.

将![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]改为![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]，加上“/”

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[20190626190431561.png]: /images/20210518/0d66a359196c462facd649bc1db411d3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20210518/74bf0485274f48f095f8113acd23e3a6.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zNzk2ODYxMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20210518/1621352380423.png
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