SpringMVC--国际化的三种方式详解（AcceptLanguageLocaleResolver、SessionLocaleResovler、CookieLocaleResolver）

青旅半醒 2021-08-13 17:16 341阅读 0赞

### 国际化概述 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 基于浏览器请求的国际化实现 ###

**新建实体类**

package pers.zhang.entity;
    
    /** * @author zhang * @date 2019/11/28 - 11:34 */
    public class User { 
        private String loginName;
        private String password;
        private int age;
        private String email;
        private String phone;
    
        public String getLoginName() { 
            return loginName;
        }
    
        public void setLoginName(String loginName) { 
            this.loginName = loginName;
        }
    
        public String getPassword() { 
            return password;
        }
    
        public void setPassword(String password) { 
            this.password = password;
        }
    
        public int getAge() { 
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(int age) { 
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public String getEmail() { 
            return email;
        }
    
        public void setEmail(String email) { 
            this.email = email;
        }
    
        public String getPhone() { 
            return phone;
        }
    
        public void setPhone(String phone) { 
            this.phone = phone;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() { 
            return "User{" +
                    "loginName='" + loginName + '\'' +
                    ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                    ", age=" + age +
                    ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                    ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

**在src根路径下，新建两个资源文件：**  
message\_en\_US.properties

loginName=LoginName
    password=Password
    age=Age
    email=Email
    phone=Phone
    submit=Submit
    welcome=Welcome {0}, Congratulations on your registration.
    title=Register Page
    userName=Administrator
    info=Your registration information is as follows

message\_zh\_CH.properties

loginName=\u540D\u79F0
    password=\u5BC6\u7801
    age=\u5E74\u9F84
    email=\u90AE\u7BB1
    phone=\u7535\u8BDD
    submit=\u6CE8\u518C
    welcome=\u6B22\u8FCE {0},\u606D\u559C\u60A8\u6CE8\u518C\u6210\u529F
    title=\u6CE8\u518C\u9875\u9762
    userName=\u7BA1\u7406\u5458
    info=\u60A8\u7684\u6CE8\u518C\u4FE1\u606F\u5982\u4E0B

**在springmvc.xml中加载国际化资源文件：**

**在webapp下的jsp文件夹中新建registerForm.jsp和success.jsp**  
registerForm.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
    <%@ taglib prefix="fm" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
    <%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" %>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title><spring:message code="title"/></title>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<a href="registerForm?request_locale=zh_CN">中文</a>   |  
    	<a href="registerForm?request_locale=en_US">英文</a>
    	<h3><spring:message code="title"/></h3>
    	<fm:form modelAttribute="user" action="register" method="post">
    		<spring:message code="loginName"/>：<fm:input path="loginName"/><br>
    		<spring:message code="password"/>：<fm:input path="password"/><br>
    		<spring:message code="age"/>：<fm:input path="age"/><br>
    		<spring:message code="email"/>：<fm:input path="email"/><br>
    		<spring:message code="phone"/>：<fm:input path="phone"/><br>
    		<input type="submit" value="<spring:message code="submit"/>"><br>
    	</fm:form>
    	
    </body>
    </html>

success.jsp

**在controller包中新建UserController**

package pers.zhang.controller;
    
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContext;
    import pers.zhang.entity.User;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    
    /** * @author zhang * @date 2019/11/28 - 11:48 */
    @Controller
    public class UserController { 
        @RequestMapping("/{formName}")
        public String registerForm(@PathVariable String formName, Model model){ 
            User user = new User();
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            return formName;//动态跳转到页面
        }
    
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/register", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String register(@ModelAttribute User user, Model model, HttpServletRequest request){ 
            //从后台代码获取国际化资源文件中的信息 userName
            RequestContext requestContext = new RequestContext(request);
            String userName = requestContext.getMessage("userName");
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            System.out.println(userName);
            return "success";
        }
    }

**测试：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]修改浏览器的默认语言设置，并刷新页面，填入数据并提交：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

### 基于HttpSession的国际化实现 ###

基于HttpSession的国际化实现使用的是LocaleResolver接口的**SessionLocaleResovler**实现类，SessionLocaleResovler不是默认的语言区域解析器，需要对其进行显示配置。如果使用它，SpringMVC会从HttpSession作用域中获取用户所设置的语言区域，来确定使用哪个语言区域。通过请求参数改变国际化的值时，可使用Spring提供的国际化拦截器LocaleChangeInterceptor。

SessionLocaleResovler工作原理如下图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
**修改springmvc.xml配置**  
注释默认的AcceptLanguageLocaleResolver

bean name="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
            
            <property name="basename" value="message"/>
        </bean>
    
    
    
    
        
        <bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"/>
        <mvc:interceptors>
            
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptors>

**修改获取跳转页面的registerForm()方法**

@RequestMapping(value = "/{formName}")
        public String registerForm(@PathVariable String formName, String request_locale,
                                   Model model, HttpServletRequest request){ 
            System.out.println("request_locale=" + request_locale);
            if(request_locale != null){ 
                if(request_locale.equals("zh_CN")){ //设置中文环境
                    Locale locale = new Locale("zh", "CN");
                    request.getSession().setAttribute(SessionLocaleResolver.LOCALE_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, locale);
                }else if(request_locale.equals("en_US")){ //设置英文环境
                    Locale locale = new Locale("en", "US");
                    request.getSession().setAttribute(SessionLocaleResolver.LOCALE_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, locale);
                }else{ //使用之前的语言环境
                    request.getSession().setAttribute(SessionLocaleResolver.LOCALE_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, LocaleContextHolder.getLocale());
                }
            }
            User user = new User();
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            return formName;//动态跳转页面
        }

**测试**  
点击超链接切换语言：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

### 基于Cookie的国际化实现 ###

基于Cookie的国际化实现使用的是LocaleResolver接口**CookieLocaleResolver** 实现类，CookieLocaleResolver不是默认的语言区域解析器，需要对其进行显示配置。

**修改springmvc.xml配置**

**修改获取跳转页面的registerForm()方法**

@RequestMapping(value = "/{formName}")
        public String registerForm(@PathVariable String formName, String request_locale, Model model,
                                   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){ 
            System.out.println("request_locale=" + request_locale);
            if(request_locale != null){ 
                if(request_locale.equals("zh_CN")){ //设置中文环境
                    Locale locale = new Locale("zh", "CN");
                    (new CookieLocaleResolver()).setLocale(request,response,locale);
                }else if(request_locale.equals("en_US")){ //设置英文环境
                    Locale locale = new Locale("en", "US");
                    (new CookieLocaleResolver()).setLocale(request,response,locale);
                }else{ //使用之前的环境
                    (new CookieLocaleResolver()).setLocale(request,response,LocaleContextHolder.getLocale());
                }
            }
            User user = new User();
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            return formName;
        }

**测试：点击标签切换语言环境**  
在浏览器调试窗口可以看到Cookie中的语言环境参数：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

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