springcloud学习实战（三）Consul

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2021-08-27 23:14 319阅读 0赞

## 一.Consul是什么 ##

Consul是一个服务网格（微服务间的 TCP/IP，负责服务之间的网络调用、限流、熔断和监控）解决方案，它是一个一个分布式的，高度可用的系统，而且开发使用都很简便。它提供了一个功能齐全的控制平面，主要特点是：服务发现、健康检查、键值存储、安全服务通信、多数据中心。  
与其它分布式服务注册与发现的方案相比，Consul 的方案更“一站式”——内置了服务注册与发现框架、分布一致性协议实现、健康检查、Key/Value 存储、多数据中心方案，不再需要依赖其它工具。Consul 本身使用 go 语言开发，具有跨平台、运行高效等特点，也非常方便和 Docker 配合使用。

## 二.安装并运行Consul ##

官网: https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul/getting-started/install.html  
下载完成后来到解压后对应exe文件路径下打开cmd命令行执行**consul agent -dev**命令启动，访问路径**http://localhost:8500**

## 三.服务提供者 ##

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.dxf.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

yml

server:
      port: 8006
    
    # 服务别名---zookeeper注册中心名称
    spring:
      application:
        name: consul-provider-payment
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          discovery:
            service-name: ${ spring.application.name}

启动类

package com.dxf.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    /** * @author dxf * @create 2020-03-28 14:53 */
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class PaymentMain8006 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args);
        }
    }

## 四.服务消费者 ##

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.dxf.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order80</artifactId>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

yml

server:
      port: 80
    
    # 服务别名---zookeeper注册中心名称
    spring:
      application:
        name: consul-consumer-payment
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: localhost
          port: 8500
          discovery:
            service-name: ${ spring.application.name}

启动类

package com.dxf.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    /** * @author dxf * @create 2020-03-28 15:09 */
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class OrderConsumerMain80 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(OrderConsumerMain80.class,args);
        }
    }

配置bean

package com.dxf.springcloud.config;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    /** * @author dxf * @create 2020-03-27 13:12 */
    @Configuration
    public class ApplicationContextConfig { 
        /*使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴，（ url、requestMap、ResponseBean.class）这三个参数 分别代表REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。 //LoadBalanced注解开启RestTemplate负载均衡功能。 */
    
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ 
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }