HDU 5402(Travelling Salesman Problem-构造矩阵对角最长不相交路径)

小鱼儿 2021-09-17 13:20 252阅读 0赞

# Travelling Salesman Problem #

**Time Limit: 3000/1500 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)  
Total Submission(s): 898    Accepted Submission(s): 327  
Special Judge**

Problem Description

Teacher Mai is in a maze with  n![Image 1][] rows and  m![Image 1][] columns. There is a non-negative number in each cell. Teacher Mai wants to walk from the top left corner  (1,1)![Image 1][] to the bottom right corner  (n,m)![Image 1][]. He can choose one direction and walk to this adjacent cell. However, he can't go out of the maze, and he can't visit a cell more than once.  
  
Teacher Mai wants to maximize the sum of numbers in his path. And you need to print this path.

Input

There are multiple test cases.  
  
For each test case, the first line contains two numbers  n,m(1≤n,m≤100,n∗m≥2)![Image 1][].  
  
In following  n![Image 1][] lines, each line contains  m![Image 1][] numbers. The  j![Image 1][]\-th number in the  i![Image 1][]\-th line means the number in the cell  (i,j)![Image 1][]. Every number in the cell is not more than  10![Image 1][]4![Image 1][]![Image 1][].

Output

For each test case, in the first line, you should print the maximum sum.  
  
In the next line you should print a string consisting of "L","R","U" and "D", which represents the path you find. If you are in the cell  (x,y)![Image 1][], "L" means you walk to cell  (x,y−1)![Image 1][], "R" means you walk to cell  (x,y\+1)![Image 1][], "U" means you walk to cell  (x−1,y)![Image 1][], "D" means you walk to cell  (x\+1,y)![Image 1][].

Sample Input

3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2

Sample Output

25 RRDLLDRR

Author

xudyh

Source

[2015 Multi-University Training Contest 9 ][2015 Multi-University Training Contest 9]

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当n,m有一个奇数时，‘S形’可全取。

否则至少要少取一个，

假设少取(mx,my) ，当mx+my为偶数时，必定有一个与(mx,my)相邻的不能取

否则必能全取剩下的。（‘S形’+特判2行‘长城形’)

#include<bits/stdc++.h> 
    using namespace std;
    #define For(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    #define Fork(i,k,n) for(int i=k;i<=n;i++)
    #define Rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    #define ForD(i,n) for(int i=n;i;i--)
    #define RepD(i,n) for(int i=n;i>=0;i--)
    #define Forp(x) for(int p=pre[x];p;p=next[p])
    #define Forpiter(x) for(int &p=iter[x];p;p=next[p])  
    #define Lson (x<<1)
    #define Rson ((x<<1)+1)
    #define MEM(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
    #define MEMI(a) memset(a,127,sizeof(a));
    #define MEMi(a) memset(a,128,sizeof(a));
    #define INF (2139062143)
    #define F (100000007)
    #define MAXN (100+10)
    typedef long long ll;
    ll mul(ll a,ll b){return (a*b)%F;}
    ll add(ll a,ll b){return (a+b)%F;}
    ll sub(ll a,ll b){return (a-b+llabs(a-b)/F*F+F)%F;}
    void upd(ll &a,ll b){a=(a%F+b%F)%F;}
    int n,m;
    ll a[MAXN][MAXN];
    int main()
    {
    //	freopen("Travelling.in","r",stdin);
    	
    	while(cin>>n>>m) {
    		ll sum=0,mi=INF;int mx,my;
    		For(i,n) For(j,m) {
    			scanf("%lld",&a[i][j]),sum+=a[i][j];
    			if (mi>a[i][j]&&(i+j)%2==1)
    				mi=min(mi,a[i][j]),mx=i,my=j;
    		}
    		if (n%2==0&&m%2==0)
    		{
    			cout<<sum-mi<<endl;	
    			
    			if (mx%2==1) {
    				For(i,mx-1) 
    				{
    					if (i&1) {For(j,m-1) putchar('R');}
    					else {For(j,m-1) putchar('L'); }
    					if (i<n) putchar('D');
    				}
    
    				int tx=mx,ty=1;
    				int p=0;
    				For(j,m)
    				{
    					if (my==j) {if (j<m) putchar('R');continue;}
    					if (p==0) printf("D");
    					else printf("U");
    					p^=1;
    					if (j<m) putchar('R');
    				}
    				Fork(i,mx+2,n) 
    				{
    					putchar('D');
    					if ((i&1)^1) {For(j,m-1) putchar('R');}
    					else {For(j,m-1) putchar('L'); }
    				}
    			}
    			
    			if (my%2==1) {
    				For(i,my-1) 
    				{
    					if (i&1) {For(j,n-1) putchar('D'); }
    					else {For(j,n-1) putchar('U'); }
    					if (i<m) putchar('R');
    				}
    			
    				int tx=1,ty=my;
    				int p=0;
    				For(j,n)
    				{
    					if (mx==j) {if (j<n) putchar('D');continue;}
    					if (p==0) printf("R");
    					else printf("L");
    					p^=1;
    					if (j<n) putchar('D');
    				}
    				
    				Fork(i,my+2,m) 
    				{
    					putchar('R');
    					if ((i&1)^1) {For(j,n-1) putchar('D'); }
    					else {For(j,n-1) putchar('U'); }
    				}
    			}
    			
    			
    		} 
    		else {
    			cout<<sum<<endl;
    			if (n%2) {
    				For(i,n) 
    				{
    					if (i&1) {For(j,m-1) putchar('R');}
    					else {For(j,m-1) putchar('L'); }
    					if (i<n) putchar('D');
    				}
    			} else {
    				For(i,m) 
    				{
    					if (i&1) {For(j,n-1) putchar('D'); }
    					else {For(j,n-1) putchar('U'); }
    					if (i<m) putchar('R');
    				}
    			}
    		}
    		cout<<endl;
    	}
    	
    	return 0;
    }

[Image 1]: 
[2015 Multi-University Training Contest 9]: http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/search.php?field=problem&key=2015+Multi-University+Training+Contest+9&source=1&searchmode=source
[5421]: http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?
[5419]: http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5419
[5418]: http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5418