MySQL高级---Linux服务器端(三、修改字符集和数据存储路径)

缺乏、安全感 2021-09-23 19:06 223阅读 0赞

**我们会发现，当我们刚开始在数据库的表中插入数据的时候，会出现中文乱码的情况。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200120153024439.png]  
**查看字符集命令：**`show variables like '%char%';`

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**此时我们可以看到数据库以及server端的字符集是latin1，因此会出现乱码的情况**

# \*修改配置文件的字符集编码 #

**1、找到 /usr/share/mysql目录下的my-huge.cnf文件**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**2、将my-huge.cnf文件复制到 /etc/my.cnf 中**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200120155530862.png]  
**3、修改后的my.cnf**

[client]
    #password = your_password
    port		= 3306
    socket		= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    
    default-character-set = utf8mb4
    
    # Here follows entries for some specific programs
    
    # The MySQL server
    [mysqld]
    port		= 3306
    
    character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
    character-set-server = utf8mb4
    collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
    
    socket		= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    skip-external-locking
    key_buffer_size = 384M
    max_allowed_packet = 1M
    table_open_cache = 512
    sort_buffer_size = 2M
    read_buffer_size = 2M
    read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
    myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
    thread_cache_size = 8
    query_cache_size = 32M
    # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
    thread_concurrency = 8
    
    
    log-bin=mysql-bin
    
    # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
    # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
    # but will not function as a master if omitted
    server-id	= 1
    
    
    
    [mysqldump]
    quick
    max_allowed_packet = 16M
    
    [mysql]
    no-auto-rehash
    
    default-character-set = utf8mb4
    
    # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
    #safe-updates
    
    [myisamchk]
    key_buffer_size = 256M
    sort_buffer_size = 256M
    read_buffer = 2M
    write_buffer = 2M
    
    [mysqlhotcopy]
    interactive-timeout

# 注意： #

**当修改完配置文件后，发现数据库的表中的信息还是会发现中文乱码情况，这是为什么呢 ？**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200120160227193.png]  
**原来是因为在建库之前，我们的字符集编码已经确定，此时我们再次建立一个新的数据库看看是否还存在中文乱码情况**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**此时就不会出现中文乱码的情况了。建议大家在安装完Mysql之后就修改数据库的字符集编码。**

[20200120153024439.png]: /images/20210923/aae7cfd64cd04c51a17754667e8cd365.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20210923/da6da48db6de43bcafd38cd85b73b851.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20210923/7b581c4d852c49b3920d8b9bd6929406.png
[20200120155530862.png]: /images/20210923/458b6386017f4f198a4ff356e5663bf6.png
[20200120160227193.png]: /images/20210923/f5d87d4ccba247488490038980ddca1c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQzMjI5NTQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20210923/deddd01f5bd54ff281c2e37e980b1d62.png