Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

青旅半醒 2021-10-08 07:30 314阅读 0赞

# [框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发][Spring_SpringMVC_hibernate] #

# #

## 前言： ##

最近没什么事做，搭个框架写成博客记录下来，拉通一下之前所学知识.

话不多说，我们直接步入正题。

准备工作：

1/安装并配置java运行环境

2/数据库的安装配置（Mysql）

3/安装并配置服务器(Tomcat)

4/Maven

5/ IntelliJIDEA的安装配置（本人使用的主要软件是IntelliJIDEA,没用eclipse什么的）

6/ 使用IntelliJIDEA创建一个web app项目。

貌似就这些了吧

## 导包 ##

不同于以往的导包，由于我们创建的是maven的webapp项目，所以现在只需配置下pomxml这个配置文件，系统会自动到maven的中央仓库去下载相应的包.

本人的pom.xml配置文件如下（都写有说明的哈）：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>XRog</groupId>
      <artifactId>ssh</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <name>ssh Maven Webapp</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
      
      <properties>
        <springVersion>4.3.1.RELEASE</springVersion>
        <hibernateVersion>4.3.5.Final</hibernateVersion>
        <jstlVersion>1.2</jstlVersion>
        <taglibVersion>1.1.2</taglibVersion>
        <servletVersion>3.0-alpha-1</servletVersion>
        <jsonVersion>1.9.13</jsonVersion>
        <jacksonVersion>2.5.0</jacksonVersion>
        <mysqlVersion>5.1.38</mysqlVersion>
        <c3p0Version>0.9.1.2</c3p0Version>
        <log4jVersion>1.2.17</log4jVersion>
        <fileuploadVersion>1.3.1</fileuploadVersion>
        <lombokVersion>1.16.10</lombokVersion>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.1</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>${springVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
          <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
          <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
          <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
          <version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>jstl</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>${jstlVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
          <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
          <version>${taglibVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>${servletVersion}</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
          <version>${mysqlVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
          <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
          <version>${c3p0Version}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
          <version>${jsonVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
          <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
          <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
          <version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
          <version>${log4jVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
          <version>${fileuploadVersion}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombokVersion}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
          </dependency>
    
    
      </dependencies>
    
    
      <build>
        <finalName>ssh</finalName>
      </build>
    </project>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

OK，配置后运行下maven,就会自动向中央仓库下载相应的包啦！（这个就不多说了）。

## SpringMVC配置 ##

我现在在这里把我配置后的结构拿出来给你们看下

![1094658-20170201010313511-762007122.png][]

我们先配置下SpringMVC的配置：resources/META-INF/spring-mvc.xml

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh" />

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
            <property name="prefix" value="views/" />      
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />   
        </bean>
        
        
        <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
        <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/" />
        <mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/resources/img/" />
    
    </beans>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

好了，我们现在修改下web.xml这个配置文件，完善下SpringMVC的配置， web.xml配置如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

OK，SpringMVC配置完成，现在我们进行一下测试吧

在controller层新建一个MainController，内容如下

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
     */
    @Controller
    public class MainController {
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String test(){
    //        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
            return "test";
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

test.jsp网页如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

重启Tomcat服务器， 然后浏览器访问http://localhost/test如下图所示：

![1094658-20170201004017792-1685349667.png][]

PS： Tomcat默认端口是8080，我更改了端口号，如若你们为更改，正确的访问地址是localhost：8080/test

OK，成功访问。

## SpringMVC+Spring整合 ##

这个就十分简单了， 配置applicationContext.xml这个Spring的配置文件如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

完善web.xml配置文件如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
             version="3.0">
            
            <welcome-file-list>
              <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
            </welcome-file-list>
    
        
            <context-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>
                    classpath:META-INF/applicationContext.xml
                </param-value>
            </context-param>
    
            
            <servlet>
                <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
                <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
                <init-param>
                  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                  
                  <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
                </init-param>
                
                <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
            </servlet>
    
            <servlet-mapping>
                <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
                <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
            </servlet-mapping>
            
    
    
            
            <listener>
                <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
            </listener>
    
            
            <filter>
                <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
                <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
                <init-param>
                    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
                </init-param>
                <init-param>
                    <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                    <param-value>true</param-value>
                </init-param>
            </filter>
            <filter-mapping>
                <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
                <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
            </filter-mapping>
    
    </web-app>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

web.xml配置文件中更改了三处：引入Spring配置文件 Spring的监听器  以及 字符集过滤

OK，Spring+SpringMVC配置完成，下面我们开始测试：

在service写一个TestServiceImpl实现TestService接口并实现其test()方法， 代码如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.service.impl;
    
    import com.ssh.service.TestService;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/1/2017.12:58 AM
     */
    @Service
    public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
        public String test() {
            return "test";
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

PS:这里注意写@Service注解

MainController控制器更改如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.controller;
    
    import com.ssh.service.TestService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
     */
    @Controller
    public class MainController {
    
        @Autowired
        private TestService testService;
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String test(){
    //        实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
            return "test";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "springtest", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String springTest(){
            return testService.test();
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

控制器这里我们运用了Spring的依赖注入自动装配。

在浏览器中输入地址http://localhost/springtest调用springtest方法

![1094658-20170201011303792-2002095565.png][]

yes，成功返回，说明我们之前的配置没问题

## Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合 ##

好了，现在就缺hibernate这个框架了。。 我先给大家看些我搭建好之后的结构图吧

![1094658-20170207151719994-1880237794.png][]

我们想来编写config.properties这个配置文件，里面存放的是hibernate的一些配置

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

#database connection config
    jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://?????:3306/ssh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    jdbc.username = root
    jdbc.password = ???
    
    #hibernate config
    hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    hibernate.show_sql = true
    hibernate.format_sql = true
    hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

这里连接数据库的参数由于我是连接我晚上的数据库，因此我数据库地址和密码打了“？？？”,你们连接时改成自己本地的就OK了

下面配置hibernate，这里我为了方便，就直接写进applicationContext.xml里面。配置后的applicationContext.xml如下：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
    
        
            
            <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
                
                <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
            </context:component-scan>
    
    
        
    
        
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config.properties" />
    
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
            <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />  
            <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />     
            <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />   
            <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />   
            <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40" />      
            <property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />       
            <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />      
            <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20" />  
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
            <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ssh.entity" />
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> 
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>   
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>     
                    <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>     
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
        </bean>
    
    </beans>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

OK，到了这里，配置结束。下面进入测试阶段

实体类（entity)：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.entity;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import javax.persistence.*;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:03 PM
     */
    @Data
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "Person")
    public class Person {
    
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue
        private Long id;
    
        @Column(name = "created")
        private Long created = System.currentTimeMillis();
    
        @Column(name = "username")
        private String username;
    
        @Column(name = "address")
        private String address;
    
        @Column(name = "phone")
        private String phone;
    
        @Column(name = "remark")
        private String remark;
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

PS：我这里用了一个@Data注解，此注解会自动生成get方法，set方法，toString方法等一系列方法，功能十分强大，不过需要安装插件以及导包， 有兴趣的可以百度下

当然，你也可以手动编写get/set/构造方法。

数据库访问层（repository）:

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.repository;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:28 PM
     */
    public interface DomainRepository<T,PK extends Serializable>{
        T load(PK id);
    
        T get(PK id);
    
        List<T> findAll();
    
        void persist(T entity);
    
        PK save(T entity);
    
        void saveOrUpdate(T entity);
    
        void delete(PK id);
    
        void flush();
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.repository;
    
    import com.ssh.entity.Person;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:25 PM
     */
    public interface PersonRepository extends DomainRepository<Person,Long> {
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.repository.impl;
    
    import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
    import com.ssh.entity.Person;
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:30 PM
     */
    @Repository
    public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {
    
        @Autowired
        private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
        private Session getCurrentSession() {
            return this.sessionFactory.openSession();
        }
    
        public Person load(Long id) {
            return (Person)getCurrentSession().load(Person.class,id);
        }
    
        public Person get(Long id) {
            return (Person)getCurrentSession().get(Person.class,id);
        }
    
        public List<Person> findAll() {
            return null;
        }
    
        public void persist(Person entity) {
            getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
        }
    
        public Long save(Person entity) {
            return (Long)getCurrentSession().save(entity);
        }
    
        public void saveOrUpdate(Person entity) {
            getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
        }
    
        public void delete(Long id) {
            Person person = load(id);
            getCurrentSession().delete(person);
        }
    
        public void flush() {
            getCurrentSession().flush();
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

PS:我这里显示写了一个比较通用的接口，其他所有接口皆继承此接口， 再编写实现类

**注意：我这里写的session产生是调用的SessionFactory的openSession（）这个方法。之前使用getCurrentSession()一直报错，后来百度了一下才知道，hibernate3版本可以使用getCurrentSession()来创建session，而hibernate4版本则不行。**

服务层（service）:

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.service;
    
    import com.ssh.entity.Person;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:39 PM
     */
    public interface PersonService {
        Long savePerson();
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.service.impl;
    
    import com.ssh.entity.Person;
    import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
    import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/2/2017.2:40 PM
     */
    @Service
    public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
    
        @Autowired
        private PersonRepository personRepository;
    
        public Long savePerson() {
            Person person = new Person();
            person.setUsername("XRog");
            person.setPhone("18381005946");
            person.setAddress("chenDu");
            person.setRemark("this is XRog");
            return personRepository.save(person);
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

控制层（controller）:

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

package com.ssh.controller;
    
    import com.ssh.entity.Person;
    import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
    import com.ssh.service.TestService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    
    /**
     * Created by XRog
     * On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
     */
    @Controller
    public class MainController {
    
        @Autowired
        private PersonService personService;
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "savePerson", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        @ResponseBody
        public String savePerson(){
            personService.savePerson();
            return "success!";
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

OK，编写完毕，我们重启下服务器然后测试：

![1094658-20170207153707932-654944767.png][]

我们在看下数据库，跟我们插入的数据对比下

![1094658-20170207153738416-1879189859.png][]

![1094658-20170207153753463-924464645.png][]

OK，测试完毕，十分成功

[Spring_SpringMVC_hibernate]: https://www.cnblogs.com/xrog/p/6359706.html
[copycode.gif]: /images/20211008/db4ad0302fba46f78a02251d0fb6af8e.png
[1094658-20170201010313511-762007122.png]: /images/20211008/92db60b3a2ae430da1d9719a37ab7562.png
[1094658-20170201004017792-1685349667.png]: /images/20211008/969f9c6da43e423cb1ca0236eb61e3cb.png
[1094658-20170201011303792-2002095565.png]: /images/20211008/42a1a4cb1f6743519143899c7d0e260d.png
[1094658-20170207151719994-1880237794.png]: /images/20211008/480f07ab05fc426a9b65b8f78caec678.png
[1094658-20170207153707932-654944767.png]: /images/20211008/3e142b8cad9743ae989f2ee9b138c53e.png
[1094658-20170207153738416-1879189859.png]: /images/20211008/f2de86fac66344388352d99a5b0c0e74.png
[1094658-20170207153753463-924464645.png]: /images/20211008/98326becf78345c7b3286e2a127c9bb5.png