Elasticsearch增、删、改、查操作深入详解

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2021-10-30 03:56 299阅读 0赞

**Elasticsearch****增、删、改、查操作深入详解**

**引言：**

对于刚接触ES的童鞋，经常搞不明白ES的各个概念的含义。尤其对“索引”二字更是与关系型数据库混淆的不行。本文通过对比关系型数据库，将ES中常见的增、删、改、查操作进行图文呈现。能加深你对ES的理解。同时，也列举了kibana下的图形化展示。

ES Restful API GET、POST、PUT、DELETE、HEAD含义：  
1）GET：获取请求对象的当前状态。  
2）POST：改变对象的当前状态。  
3）PUT：创建一个对象。  
4）DELETE：销毁对象。  
5）HEAD：请求获取对象的基础信息。

Mysql与Elasticsearch核心概念对比示意图

![1557477-20190729193917141-376726201.png][]

以上表为依据，  
ES中的新建文档（在Index/type下）相当于Mysql中（在某Database的Table）下插入一行数据。

**1****、新建文档（类似mysql insert插入操作）**

http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1 put

"title":"New version of Elasticsearch released!",

"content":"Version 1.0 released today!",

"tags":\["announce","elasticsearch","release"\]

创建成功如下显示：

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "1 -d",

\- "\_version": 1,

\- "\_shards": \{

\- "total": 2,

\- "successful": 1,

\- "failed": 0

\- \},

\- "created": true

![1557477-20190729194035514-1373110763.png][]

**2****、检索文档（类似mysql search 搜索select\*操作）**

[http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1/][http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_1] GET

检索结果如下：

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "1",

\- "\_version": 1,

\- "found": true,

\- "\_source": \{

\- "title": "New version of Elasticsearch released!",

\- "content": "Version 1.0 released today!",

\- "tags": \[

\- "announce"

\- ,

\- "elasticsearch"

\- ,

\- "release"

\- \]

\- \}

如果未找到会提示：

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "11",

\- "found": false

查询全部文档如下：

![1557477-20190729194102044-590633883.png][]

具体某个细节内容检索，  
查询举例1：查询cotent列包含版本为1.0的信息。  
[http://localhost:9200/blog/][http_localhost_9200_blog]  
\_search?pretty&q=content:1.0

\- "took": 2,

\- "timed\_out": false,

\- "\_shards": \{

\- "total": 5,

\- "successful": 5,

\- "failed": 0

\- \},

\- "hits": \{

\- "total": 1,

\- "max\_score": 0.8784157,

\- "hits": \[

\- \{

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "6",

\- "\_score": 0.8784157,

\- "\_source": \{

\- "title": "deep Elasticsearch!",

\- "content": "Version 1.0!",

\- "tags": \[

\- "deep"

\- ,

\- "elasticsearch"

\- \]

\- \}

\- \]

\- \}

查询举例2：查询书名title中包含“enhance”字段的数据信息：  
\[root@5b9dbaaa1a ~\]\# curl -XGET 10.200.1.121:9200/blog/ariticle/\_search?pretty -d ‘

> \{ "query" : \{

> "term" :

> \{"title" : "enhance" \}

> \}

> \}'

"took" : 189,

"timed\_out" : false,

"\_shards" : \{

"total" : 5,

"successful" : 5,

"failed" : 0

\},

"hits" : \{

"total" : 2,

"max\_score" : 0.8784157,

"hits" : \[ \{

"\_index" : "blog",

"\_type" : "ariticle",

"\_id" : "4",

"\_score" : 0.8784157,

"\_source" : \{

"title" : "enhance Elasticsearch!",

"content" : "Version 4.0!",

"tags" : \[ "enhance", "elasticsearch" \]

\}, \{

"\_index" : "blog",

"\_type" : "ariticle",

"\_id" : "5",

"\_score" : 0.15342641,

"\_source" : \{

"title" : "enhance Elasticsearch for university!",

"content" : "Version 5.0!",

"tags" : \[ "enhance", "elasticsearch" \]

\} \]

查询举例3：查询ID值为3,5,7的数据信息：  
\[root@5b9dbaaa148a ~\]\# curl -XGET 10.200.1.121:9200/blog/ariticle/\_search?pretty -d ‘

\{ "query" : \{

"terms" :

\{"\_id" : \[ "3", "5", "7" \] \}

\}'

"took" : 5,

"timed\_out" : false,

"\_shards" : \{

"total" : 5,

"successful" : 5,

"failed" : 0

\},

"hits" : \{

"total" : 3,

"max\_score" : 0.19245009,

"hits" : \[ \{

"\_index" : "blog",

"\_type" : "ariticle",

"\_id" : "5",

"\_score" : 0.19245009,

"\_source" : \{

"title" : "enhance Elasticsearch for university!",

"content" : "Version 5.0!",

"tags" : \[ "enhance", "elasticsearch" \]

\}, \{

"\_index" : "blog",

"\_type" : "ariticle",

"\_id" : "7",

"\_score" : 0.19245009,

"\_source" : \{

"title" : "deep Elasticsearch for university!",

"content" : "Version 2.0!",

"tags" : \[ "deep", "elasticsearch", "university" \]

\}, \{

"\_index" : "blog",

"\_type" : "ariticle",

"\_id" : "3",

"\_score" : 0.19245009,

"\_source" : \{

"title" : "init Elasticsearch for university!",

"content" : "Version 3.0!",

"tags" : \[ "initialize", "elasticsearch" \]

\} \]

**3****、更新文档（类似mysql update操作）**

[http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1/\_update/][http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_1_update] POST  
\{“script”:”ctx.\_source.content = \\”new version 2.0 20160714\\”“\}

更新后结果显示：  
\{

*  “\_index”: “blog”,
 *  “\_type”: “ariticle”,
 *  “\_id”: “1”,
 *  “\_version”: 2,
 *  “\_shards”: \{  
      
    
    
     *  ”total”: 2,
     *  “successful”: 1,
     *  “failed”: 0
 *  \}

查询&验证更新后结果：（对比可知，版本号已经更新完毕）  
[http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1/][http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_1]

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "1",

\- "\_version": 2,

\- "found": true,

\- "\_source": \{

\- "title": "New version of Elasticsearch released!",

\- "content": "new version 2.0 20160714",

\- "tags": \[

\- "announce"

\- ,

\- "elasticsearch"

\- ,

\- "release"

\- \]

\- \}

\`!\[这里写图片描述\](https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160717132407353)\`\`

注意更新文档需要在elasticsearch\_win\\config\\elasticsearch.yml下新增以下内容：

script.groovy.sandbox.enabled: true  
script.engine.groovy.inline.search: on  
script.engine.groovy.inline.update: on  
script.inline: on  
script.indexed: on  
script.engine.groovy.inline.aggs: on  
index.mapper.dynamic: true

**4****、删除文档（类似mysql delete操作）**

[http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/8/][http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_8]回结果

\- "found": true,

\- "\_index": "blog",

\- "\_type": "ariticle",

\- "\_id": "8",

\- "\_version": 2,

\- "\_shards": \{

\- "total": 2,

\- "successful": 1,

\- "failed": 0

\- \}

![1557477-20190729194208153-33963736.png][]

**5****、Kibana可视化分析**

**5.1****、在索引blog上查询包含”university”字段的信息。**

**![1557477-20190729194221217-1721179773.png][]**

**5.2****、Kibana多维度分析**

**![1557477-20190729194235034-1394417872.png][]**

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lixinjun8080/p/11266035.html

[1557477-20190729193917141-376726201.png]: /images/20211029/e8dcf31277e641b9aa19644523a2953b.png
[1557477-20190729194035514-1373110763.png]: /images/20211029/34bed3dec51f4e2e9c1dbde5779f420c.png
[http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_1]: http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1/
[1557477-20190729194102044-590633883.png]: /images/20211029/710224906d6b420fa39fcf06168dccfc.png
[http_localhost_9200_blog]: http://localhost:9200/blog/
[http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_1_update]: http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/1/_update/
[http_localhost_9200_blog_ariticle_8]: http://localhost:9200/blog/ariticle/8/
[1557477-20190729194208153-33963736.png]: /images/20211029/7d2b3dd95348472d917f22c977f3f896.png
[1557477-20190729194221217-1721179773.png]: /images/20211029/bb21c167054742869852d2eeee4bdd7f.png
[1557477-20190729194235034-1394417872.png]: /images/20211029/e5331528b69648a18d6c1559f4798172.png