08.存储Cinder→5.场景学习→08.Backup Volume→1.概述与配置

左手的ㄟ右手 2021-11-09 02:22 155阅读 0赞

# [返回总目录][Link 1] #

1.  Backup 是将 volume 备份到别的地方（备份设备），将来可以通过 restore 操作恢复。
2.   backup 功能好像与 snapshot 很相似，都可以保存 volume 的当前状态，以备以后恢复。但二者在用途和实现上还是有区别的，具体表现在：
    
    1.  Snapshot 依赖于源 volume，不能独立存在；而 backup 不依赖源 volume，即便源 volume 不存在了，也可以 restore。
        
        1.  Snapshot 与源 volume 通常存放在一起，都由同一个 volume provider 管理；而 backup 存放在独立的备份设备中，有自己的备份方案和实现，与 volume provider 没有关系。
    2.  因此 backup 具有容灾功能；而 snapshot 则提供 volume provider 内便捷的回溯功能。
3.  配置cinder-backup
    
    1.  Cinder 的 backup 功能是由 cinder-backup 服务提供的，devstack 默认没有启用该服务，需要手工启用。![paste-62732292325379.jpg][]
    2.  与 cinder-volume 类似，cinder-backup 也通过 driver 架构支持多种备份 backend，包括POSIX 文件系统、NFS、Ceph、GlusterFS、Swift 和 IBM TSM
        
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             <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:~#</span> ll /opt/stack/cinder/cinder/backup/drivers/
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">total 140</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">drwxr-xr-x 2 stack stack  4096 Jun 14 14:47 ./</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">drwxr-xr-x 3 stack stack  4096 Jun 14 16:41 ../</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack 54276 Jun 14 14:47 ceph.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack  3528 Jun 14 14:47 glusterfs.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack 14245 Jun 14 14:47 google.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack     0 Jun 14 14:47 __init__.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack  3868 Jun 14 14:47 nfs.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack  5864 Jun 14 14:47 posix.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack 18587 Jun 14 14:47 swift.py</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">-rw-r--r-- 1 stack stack 21172 Jun 14 14:47 tsm.py</span></pre> 
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    3.  这里以 NFS 为 backend 来研究 backup 操作，在/etc/cinder/cinder.conf中进行配置：
        
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             <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:~#</span> vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">[DEFAULT]</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">backup_driver = cinder.backup.drivers.nfs</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">backup_mount_point_base = $state_path/backup_mount</span>
        <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">backup_share = 172.16.1.55:/backup</span></pre> 
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    4.  其中变量state\_path在cinder.conf表示的是![paste-252969278767107.jpg][]  
        172.16.1.55是计算节点的管理网ip；172.16.1.55:/backup为存放 volume backup 的 NFS 远程目录；nfs客户端上mount point 为 $state\_path/backup\_mount(挂载点位置)  
        
    5.  NFS配置：
        
        1.  计算节点(NFS 服务器)：
            
            1.  安装NFS服务器：root@compute:/\# apt install nfs-kernel-server
            2.  编写配置文件：
                
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                     <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@compute:/#</span> vim /etc/exports
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">/backup *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)</span></pre> 
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                ![paste-106257490903043.jpg][]  
                \*表示不对客户端做限制，如果指定具体的客户端，将client替换为客户端ip。rw表示客户端可以读写服务器(即二者中有一方更改，另一边也作同样更改)
            3.  创建共享目录：root@compute:/\# mkdir -p /backup
            4.  重启nfs服务：
                
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                     <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@compute:/#</span> systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server.service
                <span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@compute:/#</span> systemctl status nfs-kernel-server.service
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">* nfs-server.service - NFS server and services</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">   Active: </span><span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);"> (exited) since Fri 2019-06-21 17:26:12 CST; 13s ago</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">  Process: 4152 ExecStopPost=/usr/sbin/exportfs -f (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">  Process: 4146 ExecStopPost=/usr/sbin/exportfs -au (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">  Process: 4142 ExecStop=/usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd 0 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">  Process: 4172 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd $RPCNFSDARGS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">  Process: 4168 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/exportfs -r (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);"> Main PID: 4172 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)</span>
                
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">Jun 21 17:26:12 compute systemd[1]: Starting NFS server and services...</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">Jun 21 17:26:12 compute systemd[1]: Started NFS server and services.</span></pre> 
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        2.  控制节点(NFS客户端)
            
            1.  安装客户端工具：root@controller:/\# apt install nfs-common
            2.  查看NFS服务器上的共享目录：  
                
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                     <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:/#</span> showmount -e 172.16.1.55
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">Export list for 172.16.1.55:</span>
                <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">/backup *</span></pre> 
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                e:export
    6.  手工启动cinder-backup服务： 
        
        1.  root@controller:~\# nohup /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/cinder-backup --config-file /etc/cinder/cinder.conf &
            
            1.  执行：![paste-268667384233987.jpg][]mount -t nfs -o ... 172:16.1.55/backup /opt/stack/data/cinder/backup\_mount/815381051c57f439493e8c2d80e70715/  backup\_mount2不要管这个2，在记笔记的时候多试验了一次
            2.  实际上是将远程共享目录计算节点挂载到本地/opt/stack/data/cinder/backup\_mount控制节点了
            3.  nohup是一个忽略HUP信号的POSIX命令，**将命令放在nohup和&中间表示即使关闭xshell**，远程主机的命令也会继续执行
                
                1.  否则在关闭xshell后，服务关闭，cinder-backup服务的State会变为down
                2.  在运行完你要运行的命令后，重开一个xshell进行后续操作吧！
4.  查看服务：
    
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         <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:~#</span> cinder service-list               
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">+------------------+------------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">| Binary           | Host                   | Zone | Status  | State | Updated_at                 | Disabled Reason |</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">+------------------+------------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">| cinder-backup    | controller             | nova | enabled | up    | 2019-06-21T10:10:17.000000 | -               |</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">| cinder-scheduler | controller             | nova | enabled | up    | 2019-06-21T10:10:17.000000 | -               |</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">| cinder-volume    | controller@lvmdriver-1 | nova | enabled | up    | 2019-06-21T10:10:14.000000 | -               |</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">+------------------+------------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+</span></pre> 
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    ![paste-128986457833475.jpg][]
5.  dashboard配置backup选项
    
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         <pre style="line-height:16px;"><span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">#配置dashboard文件</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:~#</span> vim /opt/stack/horizon/openstack_dashboard/local/local_settings.py
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">#更改为True(默认为False)</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">OPENSTACK_CINDER_FEATURES = {
               </span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">    'enable_backup': True,</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">}</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(136,136,136);">#重启web服务和会话存储</span>
    <span style="color:rgb(0,0,128);font-weight:bold;">root@controller:~#</span> systemctl reload apache2.service</pre> 
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    ![paste-152587303124995.jpg][]配置后：![paste-153291677761539.jpg][]![paste-154026117169155.jpg][]

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/LeisureZhao/p/11185530.html

[Link 1]: https://www.cnblogs.com/LeisureZhao/p/11181452.html
[paste-62732292325379.jpg]: /images/20211109/9fca33dc19ad463c89c74c5373701729.png
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[paste-128986457833475.jpg]: /images/20211109/78b2b4522734413cbcbcd661fd95ae9f.png
[paste-152587303124995.jpg]: http://zhaolei.xuexihaike.com/paste-152587303124995.jpg
[paste-153291677761539.jpg]: http://zhaolei.xuexihaike.com/paste-153291677761539.jpg
[paste-154026117169155.jpg]: /images/20211109/6f3ddc746e274faa9fe17b85abea69b8.png