Flutter 学习笔记-环境安装

约定不等于承诺〃 2021-11-29 13:06 354阅读 0赞

一、mac 上 flutter 安装教程

1、安装flutter 包 百度网盘地址 。 链接:[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1S5GB\_sAWGnzHHKIo0fBtSw][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1S5GB_sAWGnzHHKIo0fBtSw] 密码:cqe6

2、解压到您想要安装的目录 。 如 /Users/zhagjianliu/flutter

3、配置环境变量 ,这里笔者使用命令行：

vim ~/.bash_profile

4、增加三行:

export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn  export
    
    FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn export
    
    PATH=/Users/zhangjianliu/flutter/bin:$PATH

5、验证“flutter/bin”是否已在PATH中：

echo $PATH

> /Users/zhangjianliu/flutter/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin  
> zhangjianliu:~ zhangjianliu$

6、保存完毕之后运行命令:

source ~/.bash_profile

7、检测flutter 是否添加成功

flutter -h

这个时候应该能够展示flutter 的一些命令

Common commands:
    
      flutter create <output directory>
        Create a new Flutter project in the specified directory.
    
      flutter run [options]
        Run your Flutter application on an attached device or in an emulator.
    
    Usage: flutter <command> [arguments]
    
    Global options:
    -h, --help                  Print this usage information.
    -v, --verbose               Noisy logging, including all shell commands
                                executed.
                                If used with --help, shows hidden options.
    
    -d, --device-id             Target device id or name (prefixes allowed).
        --version               Reports the version of this tool.
        --suppress-analytics    Suppress analytics reporting when this command runs.
        --bug-report            Captures a bug report file to submit to the Flutter
                                team.
                                Contains local paths, device identifiers, and log
                                snippets.
    
        --packages              Path to your ".packages" file.
                                (required, since the current directory does not
                                contain a ".packages" file)
    
    Available commands:
      analyze                  Analyze the project's Dart code.
      attach                   Attach to a running application.
      bash-completion          Output command line shell completion setup scripts.
      build                    Flutter build commands.
      channel                  List or switch flutter channels.
      clean                    Delete the build/ and .dart_tool/ directories.
      config                   Configure Flutter settings.
      create                   Create a new Flutter project.
      devices                  List all connected devices.
      doctor                   Show information about the installed tooling.
      drive                    Runs Flutter Driver tests for the current project.
      emulators                List, launch and create emulators.
      format                   Format one or more dart files.
      help                     Display help information for flutter.
      install                  Install a Flutter app on an attached device.
      logs                     Show log output for running Flutter apps.
      make-host-app-editable   Moves host apps from generated directories to
                               non-generated directories so that they can be edited
                               by developers.
      packages                 Commands for managing Flutter packages.
      precache                 Populates the Flutter tool's cache of binary
                               artifacts.
      run                      Run your Flutter app on an attached device.
      screenshot               Take a screenshot from a connected device.
      stop                     Stop your Flutter app on an attached device.
      test                     Run Flutter unit tests for the current project.
      trace                    Start and stop tracing for a running Flutter app.
      upgrade                  Upgrade your copy of Flutter.
      version                  List or switch flutter versions.
    
    Run "flutter help <command>" for more information about a command.
    Run "flutter help -v" for verbose help output, including less commonly used
    options.

二、安装 android studio  
百度网盘地址：

链接:[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1l2AsLY6i1FjdXm8zfVlygA][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1l2AsLY6i1FjdXm8zfVlygA] 密码:fkgh

安装过程只需下一步操作不再详细记录

若安装出错彻底删除 android studio 方法
    
    第一步：
    rm -Rf /Applications/Android\ Studio.app
    rm -Rf ~/Library/Preferences/AndroidStudio*
    rm ~/Library/Preferences/com.google.android.studio.plist
    rm -Rf ~/Library/Application\ Support/AndroidStudio*
    rm -Rf ~/Library/Logs/AndroidStudio*
    rm -Rf ~/Library/Caches/AndroidStudio*
    
    
    第二步：删除所有Projects
    
    rm -Rf ~/AndroidStudioProjects
    
    
    第三步：删除gradle相关文件
    
    rm -Rf ~/.gradle
    
    
    第四步：卸载所有Android Virtual Devices(AVDs) and *.keystore. note:
    
    rm -Rf ~/.android
    
    
    第五步：删除Android SDK tools，对应自己的sdk目录即可
    
    rm -Rf ~/Library/Android*

三 、flutter doctor 检测命令

flutter doctor --android-licenses

四、创建 flutter 项目

使用 VS code 或者 android studio 创建 flutter 项目

1、vs code 创建方式 。 （ 参考 [添加链接描述][Link 1] ）

2、android studio 创建方式 （ 参考 [添加链接描述][Link 1] ）

3、使用模拟器 创建虚拟 AVD （ 参考 [添加链接描述][Link 1] ）

4、flutter run 启动 flutter （ 参考 [添加链接描述][Link 1] ）

?五、过程中遇到的问题及解决方式  
1、刚建好一个demo 编译运行一个demo 控制台就出现如下情况

Launching lib/main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode…  
Initializing gradle…  
Resolving dependencies…

*  Error running Gradle:  
    ProcessException: Process “/Users/rabbit/develop/android/flutter\_app/android/gradlew” exited abnormally:  
    Project evaluation failed including an error in afterEvaluate \{\}. Run with --stacktrace for details of the afterEvaluate \{\} error.  
    FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
 *  Where:  
    Build file ‘/Users/rabbit/develop/android/flutter\_app/android/app/build.gradle’ line: 25
 *  What went wrong:  
    A problem occurred evaluating project ‘:app’.

> Could not resolve all files for configuration ‘classpath’.  
> Could not find lint-gradle-api.jar (com.android.tools.lint:lint-gradle-api:26.1.2).  
> Searched in the following locations:  
> [https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/lint/lint-gradle-api/26.1.2/lint-gradle-api-26.1.2.jar][https_jcenter.bintray.com_com_android_tools_lint_lint-gradle-api_26.1.2_lint-gradle-api-26.1.2.jar]

*  Try:  
    Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
 *  Get more help at [https://help.gradle.org][https_help.gradle.org]、  
    Command: /Users/rabbit/develop/android/flutter\_app/android/gradlew app:properties  
    Finished with error: Please review your Gradle project setup in the android/ folder.

问题原因是由于 翻墙的问题 解决办法 ：[https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000016775662][https_segmentfault.com_q_1010000016775662]

2、虽然能运行项目了但控制台报如下错误  
Error connecting to the service protocol: HttpException: Connection closed before full header was received, uri = [http://127.0.0.1:52787/ws][http_127.0.0.1_52787_ws]

解决方式：问题已解决，是Aandroid版本太高，换8.1就好了

## flutter 开发教程： ##

链接:[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-MMQosZbOmTU\_wQN6qM6ZQ][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1-MMQosZbOmTU_wQN6qM6ZQ] 密码:qmic

[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1S5GB_sAWGnzHHKIo0fBtSw]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1S5GB_sAWGnzHHKIo0fBtSw
[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1l2AsLY6i1FjdXm8zfVlygA]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1l2AsLY6i1FjdXm8zfVlygA
[Link 1]: https://book.flutterchina.club/chapter1/install_flutter.html
[https_jcenter.bintray.com_com_android_tools_lint_lint-gradle-api_26.1.2_lint-gradle-api-26.1.2.jar]: https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/lint/lint-gradle-api/26.1.2/lint-gradle-api-26.1.2.jar
[https_help.gradle.org]: https://help.gradle.org
[https_segmentfault.com_q_1010000016775662]: https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000016775662
[http_127.0.0.1_52787_ws]: http://127.0.0.1:52787/ws
[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1-MMQosZbOmTU_wQN6qM6ZQ]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-MMQosZbOmTU_wQN6qM6ZQ