Python入门之元祖tuple详细讲解

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2021-12-14 21:11 408阅读 0赞

一、元组的创建

1. 元组（tuple）：不可变数据类型 ，元组内可以存储任意数据类型

t = (1,2.3,True,'westos')   #整型、浮点型、布尔型、字符型
    print(t)
    print(type(t))

![20190703214529580.png][]

2.  元组中可以嵌套列表

t1 = ([1,2,3],4)
    print(t1)
    t1[0].append(4)   ##元祖不可变，但其中list元素可变
    print(t1)

![20190703214615483.png][]

t2 = ('westos')     #字符串类型
    print(type(t2))
    t2 = ('westos',)     #元组类型
    print(type(t2))

![20190703214750449.png][]

二、元组的特性

1. 索引 切片

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    print(users[0])
    print(users[-1])
    print(users[1:])
    print(users[::-1])

![20190703215336913.png][]

2.重复

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    print(users)
    print(users * 3)

![20190703215425749.png][]

3.连接

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    passwds = ('123','456','789')
    print(users + passwds)
    print(passwds + ('000','111'))

![2019070321554042.png][]

4.成员操作符

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    print('redhat' in users)
    print('redhat' not in users)

![20190703215627554.png][]

5.迭代

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    for user in users:
        print(user)

![20190703220052595.png][]

6.枚举

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    for index,user in enumerate(users):
        print('第%d个用户：%s' %(index+1,user))

![20190703220444483.png][]

7.zip压缩

users = ('root','westos','redhat')
    passwds = ('123','456','789')
    for user,passwd in zip(users,passwds):
        print(user,':',passwd)

![20190703220538543.png][]

三、元组的常用方法

1.计数
    t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
    print(t.count('westos'))
    
    2. 通过元组项求索引值
    t =(1,2.3,True,'westos','westos')
    print(t.index(1))
    print(t.index(2.3))

![20190703220804810.png][]

四 元祖的应用场景

1.sort

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
    scores.sort()         #元组不能直接进行排序
    print(scores)

![20190704095558616.png][]

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
    scoresli = list(scores)     #将元组转化为列表
    scoresli.sort()             #对列表进行排序
    print(scoresli)

![20190704095343381.png][]

2.sorted

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
    scores = sorted(scores)
    print(scores)

![20190704095812974.png][]

3.元组应用

scores = (59,89,65,78,100)
    minscore,*middlescore,maxscore = scores     #其中，*表示多个元素
    print(minscore)
    print(middlescore)
    print(maxscore)
    print('最终成绩为：%.2f' %(sum(middlescore)/len(middlescore)))

![20190704100132370.png][]

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