Django中rest_framework的APIView,序列化组件和视图组件

- 日理万妓 2021-12-15 15:09 260阅读 0赞

**url**

urlpatterns = [
        url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
        url(r'^books/$', views.BookHandle.as_view()),
        url(r'^books/(\d+)', views.GetBookHandle.as_view()),
    
        url(r'^publishs/$', views.PublishHandel.as_view()),
    ]

**views**

#####################################################
    # request => Request => request.data  (APIView执行流程,且封装了一些组件)
    from rest_framework.views import APIView
    from rest_framework import serializers     # 序列化组件
    from rest_framework.response import Response    # 给前端返回消息
    from app01 import models
    
    # delete,post,delete方法 用到的序列化组件
    class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
        class Meta:
            model = models.Book
            fields = '__all__'
    
    
    # get方法 用到的序列化组件
    class BookSerializer_get(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
        class Meta:
            model = models.Book
            fields = '__all__'  # 拿到Book表的所有字段['price','title']
    
            # 除了Book表的price字段(拿到其他所有字段),exclude不能和fields同时用
            # exclude = ('price',)
    
        #针对多对一字段的序列化,里面有source='',里面写关联的字段名字.被关联表的字段
        publish = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, source='publish.name')
    
        #针对多对多字段的序列化
        authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        # 多对多字段名前面加get_ 自动执行该方法.传入的参数就是Book表的model对象
        def get_authors(self,obj):
            lis = []
            authors_obj = obj.authors.all()
            for author_obj in authors_obj:
                dic = {}
                dic['name'] = author_obj.name
                lis.append(dic)
            return  lis
    
    # 应用序列化组件
    class BookHandle(APIView):
    
        def get(self,request):
            book_list_obj = models.Book.objects.all()
            # get方法时,自定义序列化参数是查询的到的表的model对象,many
    
            msg = BookSerializer_get(book_list_obj,many=True)
            return Response(msg.data)
    
        def post(self,request):
            # post,put方法时,这个自定义序列里面的参数是data=request.data,many
            msg = BookSerializer(data=request.data,many=False)
            if msg.is_valid():
                msg.save()  #create
                return Response(msg.data)
            else:
                return Response(msg.errors)
    
    class GetBookHandle(APIView):
    
        def put(self,request,id):
            book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
            msg = BookSerializer(data=request.data,many=False,instance=book_obj)
            if msg.is_valid():
                msg.save()
                return Response(msg.data)
            else :
                return Response(msg.errors)
    
        def delete(self,request,id):
            models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).delete()
            return Response('')
    
        def get(self,request,id):
            book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
    
            msg = BookSerializer_get(book_obj,many=False)
            return Response(msg.data)
    
    #################视图组件##############
    
    class PublishSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
        class Meta:
            model = models.Publish
            fields = '__all__'
    
    from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin
    from rest_framework import generics
    
    class PublishHandel(ListModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView):
        queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
        serializer_class = PublishSerializer
    
        def get(self,request):
            return self.list(request)

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/gyc-tzx/p/11096260.html