两个类实现Android录制屏幕功能

缺乏、安全感 2021-12-24 09:31 349阅读 0赞

# 两个类实现Android录制屏幕功能 #

## 原理 ##

Android4.4开始支持录制屏幕，但首先需要获取Root权限才可以运行。  
Android5.0及之后Android API 开放了视频录制的接口，其实严格来说，是屏幕采集的接口，也就是 MediaProjection 和 MediaProjectionManager。该篇文章是基于该方法进行的录制。

## 一、申请权限 ##

*  AndroidManifest配置

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

*  Android6.0后的动态权限

public static void checkPermission(AppCompatActivity activity) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
                int checkPermission =
                        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
                if (checkPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //动态申请
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{
                            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 123);
                }
            }
        }

## 二、申请允许录制屏幕 ##

1.  检查权限
2.  初始化`MediaProjectionManager`
3.  申请录制屏幕，会出现提示屏幕录制的系统弹窗
4.  在`onActivityResult`拿到是否允许的结果
5.  在结果成功时开启`Service`进行录制屏幕

该类代码如下

import android.Manifest;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
    import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager;
    import android.os.Build;
    import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
    import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    import com.screen.recorder.demo.service.ScreenRecordService;
    
    /**
     * @author by talon, Date on 19/6/23.
     * note:
     */
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
        private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 1;
        private MediaProjectionManager mMediaProjectionManager;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            checkPermission(this); //检查权限
    
            mMediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);
        }
    
        public void StartRecorder(View view) {
            createScreenCapture();
        }
    
        public void StopRecorder(View view){
            Intent service = new Intent(this, ScreenRecordService.class);
            stopService(service);
        }
    
    
        public static void checkPermission(AppCompatActivity activity) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
                int checkPermission =
                        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                                + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
                if (checkPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //动态申请
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{
                            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 123);
                }
            }
        }
    
    
        private void createScreenCapture() {
            Intent captureIntent = mMediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();
            startActivityForResult(captureIntent, REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    
    
        @Override
        protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
            if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
                try {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "允许录屏", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    
                    Intent service = new Intent(this, ScreenRecordService.class);
                    service.putExtra("resultCode", resultCode);
                    service.putExtra("data", data);
                    startService(service);
    
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, "拒绝录屏", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    
    }

对应的视图代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="开始录制"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            android:onClick="StartRecorder"/>
    
    
        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="停止录制"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
            android:onClick="StopRecorder"/>
    
    </LinearLayout>

## 三、进行录制屏幕 ##

1.  拿到传递由`onActivityResult`回调产生的`resultCode`与`data`
2.  获取手机屏幕的宽高与`dpi`
3.  创建`MediaProjection` `MediaRecorder` `VirtualDisplay`
4.  在`createMediaRecorder`方法中配置保存视频的信息，文件的路径、文件名、清晰度等

该类代码如下

import android.app.Service;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager;
    import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
    import android.media.MediaRecorder;
    import android.media.projection.MediaProjection;
    import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.os.IBinder;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    import com.screen.recorder.demo.utils.ScreenUtils;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /**
     * @author by talon, Date on 19/6/23.
     * note:
     */
    public class ScreenRecordService extends Service {
    
        private final String TAG = "ScreenRecordService";
    
        /**
         * 是否为标清视频
         */
        private boolean isVideoSd = false;
    
        private int mScreenWidth;
        private int mScreenHeight;
        private int mScreenDensity;
    
        private int mResultCode;
        private Intent mResultData;
    
        private MediaProjection mMediaProjection;
        private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
        private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;
    
        public ScreenRecordService() {
        }
    
        @Override
        public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
            // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
            return null;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onCreate() {
            super.onCreate();
        }
    
        @Override
        public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    
            mResultCode = intent.getIntExtra("resultCode", 1);
            mResultData = intent.getParcelableExtra("data");
    
            getScreenBaseInfo();
    
            mMediaProjection = createMediaProjection();
            mMediaRecorder = createMediaRecorder();
            mVirtualDisplay = createVirtualDisplay(); // 必须在mediaRecorder.prepare() 之后调用，否则报错"fail to get surface"
    
            mMediaRecorder.start();
            return Service.START_NOT_STICKY;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();
            Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy");
            if(mVirtualDisplay != null) {
                mVirtualDisplay.release();
                mVirtualDisplay = null;
            }
            if(mMediaRecorder != null) {
                mMediaRecorder.setOnErrorListener(null);
                mMediaProjection.stop();
                mMediaRecorder.reset();
            }
            if(mMediaProjection != null) {
                mMediaProjection.stop();
                mMediaProjection = null;
            }
        }
    
       
        /**
         * 获取屏幕相关数据
         */
        private void getScreenBaseInfo() {
            mScreenWidth = ScreenUtils.getScreenWidth(this);
            mScreenHeight = ScreenUtils.getScreenHeight(this);
            mScreenDensity = ScreenUtils.getScreenDensityDpi(this);
        }
    
        private MediaProjection createMediaProjection() {
            Log.i(TAG, "Create MediaProjection");
            return ((MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE)).getMediaProjection(mResultCode, mResultData);
        }
    
    
        private MediaRecorder createMediaRecorder() {
            SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");
            Date curDate = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
            String curTime = formatter.format(curDate).replace(" ", "");
            String videoQuality = "HD";
            if (isVideoSd) videoQuality = "SD";
    
            Log.i(TAG, "Create MediaRecorder");
            MediaRecorder mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
    //        if(isAudio) mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
            mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES) + "/" + videoQuality + curTime + ".mp4");
            mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(mScreenWidth, mScreenHeight);  //after setVideoSource(), setOutFormat()
            mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);  //after setOutputFormat()
    //        if(isAudio) mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);  //after setOutputFormat()
            int bitRate;
            if (isVideoSd) {
                mediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(mScreenWidth * mScreenHeight);
                mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(30);
                bitRate = mScreenWidth * mScreenHeight / 1000;
            } else {
                mediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(5 * mScreenWidth * mScreenHeight);
                mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(60); //after setVideoSource(), setOutFormat()
                bitRate = 5 * mScreenWidth * mScreenHeight / 1000;
            }
            try {
                mediaRecorder.prepare();
            } catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
            return mediaRecorder;
        }
    
        private VirtualDisplay createVirtualDisplay() {
            Log.i(TAG, "Create VirtualDisplay");
            return mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(TAG, mScreenWidth, mScreenHeight, mScreenDensity,
                    DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR, mMediaRecorder.getSurface(), null, null);
        }
    }

## 四、完整Demo下载地址 ##

[点我下载，没有积分联系微信公众号“Android唐浮”][Android]

## 五、评论反馈 ##

问题1: java.lang.IllegalStateException: failed to get surface  
原因：目前已知在android9、10中没有Environment.DIRECTORY\_MOVIES（Movies）文件夹，可以更改为Environment.DIRECTORY\_DOWNLOADS（Downloads）文件夹，如果不放心，可以自己创建文件夹。

## 联系 ##

遇到问题或想持续学习，请关注公众号“Android唐浮”

[Android]: https://download.csdn.net/download/u011368551/11254991