C# 创建Windows服务

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-01-06 18:33 241阅读 0赞

https://www.cnblogs.com/mq0036/p/7875864.html

**一、开发环境**

操作系统：Windows 10 X64

开发环境：VS2015

编程语言：C\#

.NET版本：.NET Framework 4.0

目标平台：X86

**二、创建Windows Service**

1、新建一个Windows Service，并将项目名称改为“MyWindowsService”，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714155412900-203404499.png][]

2、在解决方案资源管理器内将Service1.cs改为MyService1.cs后并点击“查看代码”图标按钮进入代码编辑器界面，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714155708431-971424469.png][]

3、在代码编辑器内如入以下代码，如下所示：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

using System; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.IO; namespace MyWindowsService { public partial class MyService : ServiceBase { public MyService() { InitializeComponent(); } string filePath = @"D:\MyServiceLog.txt"; protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath,FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务启动！"); } } protected override void OnStop() { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务停止！"); } } } }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

4、双击项目“MyWindowsService”进入“MyService”设计界面，在空白位置右击鼠标弹出上下文菜单，选中“添加安装程序”，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714160036572-1156119218.png][]

5、此时软件会生成两个组件，分别为“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714160302556-481920599.png][]

6、点击“serviceInstaller1”，在“属性”窗体将ServiceName改为MyService，Description改为我的服务，StartType保持为Manual，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714160539743-1562184527.png][]

![580518-20170714160520884-995374382.png][]

![580518-20170714160555634-2094178737.png][]

7、点击“serviceProcessInstaller1”，在“属性”窗体将Account改为LocalSystem（服务属性系统级别），如下图所示：

![580518-20170714160716415-1223455869.png][]

8、鼠标右键点击项目“MyWindowsService”，在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“生成”按钮，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714160915525-451025587.png][]

9、至此，Windows服务已经创建完毕。

**三、创建安装、启动、停止、卸载服务的Windows窗体**

1、在同一个解决方案里新建一个Windows Form项目，并命名为WindowsServiceClient，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714161353493-348673148.png][]

2、将该项目设置为启动项目，并在窗体内添加四个按钮，分别为安装服务、启动服务、停止服务及卸载服务，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714161516009-37036654.png][]

3、按下F7进入代码编辑界面，引用“System.ServiceProcess”及“System.Configuration.Install”，并输入如下代码：

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

using System; using System.Collections; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Configuration.Install; namespace WindowsServiceClient { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } string serviceFilePath = $"{Application.StartupPath}\\MyWindowsService.exe"; string serviceName = "MyService"; //事件：安装服务 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.UninstallService(serviceName); this.InstallService(serviceFilePath); } //事件：启动服务 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStart(serviceName); } //事件：停止服务 private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStop(serviceName); } //事件：卸载服务 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) { this.ServiceStop(serviceName); this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath); } } //判断服务是否存在 private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName) { ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices(); foreach (ServiceController sc in services) { if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower()) { return true; } } return false; } //安装服务 private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable(); installer.Install(savedState); installer.Commit(savedState); } } //卸载服务 private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; installer.Uninstall(null); } } //启动服务 private void ServiceStart(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped) { control.Start(); } } } //停止服务 private void ServiceStop(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running) { control.Stop(); } } } } }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

4、为了后续调试服务及安装卸载服务的需要，将已生成的MyWindowsService.exe引用到本Windows窗体，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714162109228-1677456696.png][]

5、由于需要安装服务，故需要使用UAC中Administrator的权限，鼠标右击项目“WindowsServiceClient”，在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“添加”->“新建项”，在弹出的选择窗体中选择“应用程序清单文件”并单击确定，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714162433353-1214794283.png][]

6、打开该文件，并将<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />改为<requestedExecutionLevel  level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714162635181-1464422535.png][]

7、IDE启动后，将会弹出如下所示的窗体（有的系统因UAC配置有可能不显示），需要用管理员权限打开：

![580518-20170714162733572-1355561285.png][]

8、重新打开后，在IDE运行WindowsServiceClient项目；

9、使用WIN+R的方式打开运行窗体，并在窗体内输入services.msc后打开服务，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714162944572-1903970641.png][]

10、点击窗体内的“安装服务”按钮，将会在服务中出现MyService，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714163054822-2006585931.png][]

11、点击“运行服务”按钮，将启动并运行服务，如下所示：

![580518-20170714163141572-1295395099.png][]

12、点击“停止服务”按钮，将会停止运行服务，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714163219572-2019555868.png][]

13、点击“卸载服务”按钮，将会从服务中删除MyService服务。

14、以上启动及停止服务将会写入D:\\MyServiceLog.txt，内容如下所示：

![580518-20170714163759556-2137913099.png][]

源代码下载：

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kVza3Bp

**补充：如何调试服务**

1、要调试服务，其实很简单，如需将服务附加进程到需要调试的项目里面即可，假如要调试刚才建的服务，现在OnStop事件里设置断点，如下所示：

![580518-20170714165044181-62658924.png][]

2、启动“WindowsServiceClient”项目，在“调试”菜单中选择“附件到进程”（服务必须事先安装），如下所示：

![580518-20170714165203431-2060759908.png][]

3、找到“MyWindowsService.exe”，点击“附加”按钮，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714164753493-586751467.png][]

4、点击“停止服务”按钮，程序将会在设置断点的地方中断，如下图所示：

![580518-20170714165334978-1346518092.png][]

出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/cncc/p/7170951.html

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/LuoEast/p/10783201.html

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