Zabbix

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-01-11 12:23 181阅读 0赞

![Zabbix][]  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 1]  
Zabbix官网：[https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download][https_www.zabbix.com_cn_download]  
阿里云镜像站：[https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0.rhel/7/x86\_64/][https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0.rhel_7_x86_64]  
agent客户端：yum install [https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86\_64/zabbix-agent-4.0.6-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm][https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0_rhel_7_x86_64_zabbix-agent-4.0.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm] \-y  
使用阿里云镜像yum安装Zabbix：1、yum install [https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86\_64/zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm][https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0_rhel_7_x86_64_zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm] \-y  
准备环境：172.18.9.150：zabbix-server、172.18.9.201：zabbix-mysql、  
rpm包安装步骤：先选择4.0LTS版本的源码包：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 2]  
一、在172.18.9.150：server主机：  
1、安装数据库：yum install [https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86\_64/zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm][https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0_rhel_7_x86_64_zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm] \-y  
2、安装Zabbix server，web前端，agent ：yum -y install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent  
3、创建数据库：在172.18.9.201主机：安装mysql：  
1】、\[root@201 src\]\#ls  
my.cnf mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz mysql-install.sh  
\[root@201 src\]\#vim mysql-install.sh  
\#!/bin/bash  
DIR=`pwd`  
NAME="mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz"  
FULL\_NAME=$\{DIR\}/$\{NAME\}  
DATA\_DIR="/data/mysql"  
yum install vim gcc gcc-c++ wget autoconf net-tools lrzsz iotop lsof iotop bash-completion -y  
yum install curl policycoreutils openssh-server openssh-clients postfix -y  
if \[ -f $\{FULL\_NAME\} \];then  
echo "安装文件存在"  
else  
echo "安装文件不存在"  
exit 3  
fi  
if \[ -h /usr/local/mysql \];then  
echo "Mysql 已经安装"  
exit 3  
else  
tar xvf $\{FULL\_NAME\} -C /usr/local/src  
ln -sv /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64 /usr/local/mysql  
if id mysql;then  
echo "mysql 用户已经存在，跳过创建用户过程"  
fi  
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin  
if id mysql;then  
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/\* -R  
if \[ ! -d /data/mysql \];then  
mkdir -pv /data/mysql /var/lib/mysql && chown -R mysql.mysql /data -R  
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/  
cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld  
cp $\{DIR\}/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf  
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql  
ln -sv /data/mysql/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \#此连接便于在server主机的/etc/zabbix/zabbix\_server.conf文件中的“DBSocket=”使用。  
/etc/init.d/mysqld start  
else  
echo "MySQL数据目录已经存在,"  
exit 3  
fi  
fi  
fi  
\[root@201 src\]\#vim my.cnf  
\[mysqld\]  
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock  
user=mysql  
symbolic-links=0  
datadir=/data/mysql  
innodb\_file\_per\_table=1  
max\_connections=10000 \#该值务必调大，

\[client\]  
port=3306  
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

\[mysqld\_safe\]  
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log  
pid-file=/tmp/mysql.sock

2】、\[root@201 src\]\#bash my.cnf \#安装mysql  
\[root@201 src\]\# ss -ntl  
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port  
LISTEN 0 128 :::3306 :::\*

4、mysql数据库做授权：  
\[root@201 src\]\#mysql  
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8\_bin;  
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)  
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.\* to zabbix@"172.18.%.%" identified by '12345' ;  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

5、在150server主机远程连接mysql数据库：  
\[root@150 ~\]\#mysql -uzabbix -h172.18.9.201 -p"<123gxy>"; \#注意：此时-p中的<123gxy>才是密码。  
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 14  
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

6、\[root@150 zabbix\]\#vim zabbix\_server.conf  
ListenPort=10051  
DebugLevel=3  
DBHost=172.18.9.201  
DBName=zabbix  
DBUser=zabbix  
DBPassword=123gxy  
HistoryCacheSize=16M  
HistoryIndexCacheSize=4M  
CacheSize=8M  
Timeout=30 \#默认是4s，建议设置最长时长30s。

7、开启zabbix-server,并查看端口，但是无端口：因为数据库没有初始化。

8、该步骤为准备工作，按此顺序执行操作，我们在开头就已安装好了，所以不做展示：  
\[root@150 zabbix\]\#yum install yum-utils  
\[root@150 zabbix\]\#yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks \#开启数据库！  
\[root@150 yum.repos.d\]\#yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent

9、创建数据库：  
1】、先查看201主机的zabbix数据库为空：  
\[root@201 ~\]\#mysql  
mysql> use zabbix;  
Database changed  
mysql> show tables;  
Empty set (0.00 sec)  
2】、将数据导入mysql数据库：  
\[root@150 ~\]\#zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-4.0.6/create.sql.gz |mysql -uzabbix -h172.18.9.201 -p"<123gxy>" zabbix \#注意：库名、密码错误均失败。  
3】、此时在201数据库主机的mysql> show tables;中，已导入数据：  
\+----------------------------+  
| Tables\_in\_zabbix |  
\+----------------------------+  
| acknowledges |  
| actions |  
| alerts |  
\+----------------------------+  
144 rows in set (0.03 sec)  
4】、\[root@150 src\]\#systemctl restart httpd zabbix-server zabbix-agent  
\[root@150 src\]\#ss -ntl \#此时，10051端口已开启！  
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port  
LISTEN 0 128 *:10051* :\*  
注意：（我在此处遇到了zabbix密码输入错误，150主机给zabbix用户grant授权问题，）  
此时，访问页面：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 3]  
10、\[root@150 zabbix\]\#vim /etc/php.ini  
date.timezone =Aisa/shanghai  
\[root@150 conf.d\]\#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf  
php\_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai \#注意，此处的php.ini与zabbix.conf文件的date.timezone 都需要更改才行。

11、\[root@150 conf.d\]\#systemctl restart zabbix-server httpd zabbix-agent 并访问zabbix页面：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 4]  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 5]  
我们在网页配置好的zabbix的信息如下：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 6]  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 7]  
12、各配置均完成后，点击登录，会出现如下界面：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 8]  
13、设置开机自启zabbix-agent;并访问页面：  
\[root@150 conf.d\]\#systemctl restart zabbix-agent  
\[root@150 conf.d\]\#systemctl enable zabbix-agent  
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 9]  
14、在150server主机上安装上zabbix-agent包。150主机的“/etc/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.conf”中：Hostname=Zabbix server，此时去172.18.9.150/zabbix/php 官网网页进行配置即可。

如何监控其他主机：  
1】、在201mysql主机安装上zabbix-agent包其中的“/etc/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.conf”中：Hostname=172.18.9.201 \#用IP地址来做区分。  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 10]  
15、修改该文件，内容如下：  
\[root@201 ~\]\#grep -v "\#" /etc/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.conf|grep -v "^$"  
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.pid  
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.log  
LogFileSize=0  
Server=172.18.9.150  
ServerActive=127.0.0.1  
Hostname=172.18.9.201  
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.d/\*.conf

\[root@201 ~\]\#systemctl restart zabbix-agent  
\[root@201 ~\]\#systemctl enable zabbix-agent  
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.  
16、访问网页：\#此时150mysql数据库主机的监控已实现连接：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 11]  
为了方便在网页页面查看，我们将字体改为中文：  
先在电脑的控制面板上选择一款字体，  
在150server主机：\[root@150 ~\]\#cd /usr/share/zabbix/fonts  
\[root@150 fonts\]\#ll  
total 10332  
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 33 Apr 15 22:33 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font  
\-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10578152 Aug 9 2018 simfang.ttf  
\[root@150 zabbix\]\#vim include/defines.inc.php  
把该文件中的graphfont改为simfang。  
load averge：  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 12]

#### zabbix的主动与被动模式： ####

![Zabbix][Zabbix 13]  
一、创建主动模式的数据库：在201mysql主机：  
mysql> create database zabbix\_proxy\_active character set utf8 collate utf8\_bin;  
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)  
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix\_proxy\_active.\* to zabbix\_active@"172.18.%.%" identified by '123456';  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

二、将源码包上传至家目录：主/被模式都是同一个包  
\[root@200 ~\]\#ls zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.0.6-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm  
\[root@200 ~\]\#yum install zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.0.6-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 14]  
在201mysql主机：创建被动模式：  
mysql> create database zabbix\_proxy\_passive character set utf8 collate utf8\_bin;  
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)  
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix\_proxy\_passive.\* to zabbix\_passive@"172.18.%.%" identified by '123456';  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

三、配置该文件：\[root@200 ~\]\#grep -v "\#" /etc/zabbix/zabbix\_proxy.conf |grep -v "^$"  
ProxyMode=0  
Server=172.18.9.150  
ServerPort=10051  
Hostname=huayi\_proxy\_active  
ListenPort=10051  
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix\_proxy.log  
LogFileSize=0  
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix\_proxy.pid  
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix  
DBHost=172.18.9.201  
DBName= zabbix\_proxy\_active  
DBUser=zabbix\_active  
DBPassword=123456  
ProxyLocalBuffer=720  
ProxyOfflineBuffer=720  
HeartbeatFrequency=60  
ConfigFrequency=60  
DataSenderFrequency=5  
StartPollers=20  
JavaGateway=172.18.9.150  
StartJavaPollers=10  
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log  
CacheSize=16M  
HistoryCacheSize=16M  
Timeout=30  
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts  
LogSlowQueries=3000

四、查看200主机的初始化脚本在何方：  
\[root@200 ~\]\#rpm -qpl zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.0.6-1.el7.x86\_64.rpm  
/usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.0.6/schema.sql.gz \#该包即是初始化脚本

五、这时，我们要安装mysql，通过mysql命令来把脚本执行：  
\[root@200 ~\]\#yum install -y mysql  
\[root@200 ~\]\#mysql -uzabbix\_active -h172.18.9.201 -p123456 \#在zabbix\_active：200主机上远程连接201mysql数据库：  
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 251  
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.

六、把该sql.gz脚本传给mysql，并做初始化：  
\[root@200 ~\]\#zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-proxy-mysql-4.0.6/schema.sql.gz |mysql -uzabbix\_active -h172.18.9.201 -p123456 zabbix\_proxy\_active

七、在201mysql数据库主机查询：  
mysql> use zabbix\_proxy\_active  
Reading table information for completion of table and column names  
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

八、\[root@150 src\]\#vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix\_agentd.conf  
ServerActive=172.18.9.200 该IP要指向proxy的地址，不能指向server的IP。

九、在200zabbix-proxy主机开启该proxy应用：  
\[root@200 ~\]\#systemctl start zabbix-proxy  
\[root@200 ~\]\#systemctl enable zabbix-proxy  
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-proxy.service.  
监控页面出现此页面就是proxy的主动模式成功开启了！  
![Zabbix][Zabbix 15]

##### 至此，zabbix主动模式proxy已经实现！！ #####

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/14128387/2381114

[Zabbix]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/3e8238279ca2f9bb691f4917f3a7fe4f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 1]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/6384806541ac3f20d2737ecefd922c58.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[https_www.zabbix.com_cn_download]: https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download
[https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0.rhel_7_x86_64]: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0.rhel/7/x86_64/
[https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0_rhel_7_x86_64_zabbix-agent-4.0.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm]: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-4.0.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[https_mirrors.aliyun.com_zabbix_zabbix_4.0_rhel_7_x86_64_zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm]: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[Zabbix 2]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/cdcd2ca9c2d8b03f6655232a32510478.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 3]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/e02e8da79933747618d2b1db73dacd42.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 4]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/1cac1b66b3852ae01e96b18d780ce663.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 5]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/1534f306c76f7ab19b7f187cf42dae96.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 6]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/1daacdbe2d6793fe8a47b7da0e590032.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 7]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/4bccfa6dcb6e5324546c16cc3a778923.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 8]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/825e366cd96bcf5f1d9f9be98db8250a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 9]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/a056c39161b9a6dcc92c66a330f8522c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 10]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/aed4d6eed8ae8228df9886bdd901a34f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 11]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/5825a521d31516bc65a88b1f4d12258a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 12]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/e8bacfdd4dac9aaa1a299001f1d81833.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 13]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/e9d94f1185aa55fcd469470d500342fb.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 14]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/83a62e80836854439aa3dc027e45965b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[Zabbix 15]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201904/19/6dbda31e106477ccaf4b82882c0ba382.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=