Android 接受短信和发送短信

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-01-17 03:39 521阅读 0赞

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1.android发送短信  
android API 中提供了smsManager类处理短信。其中的sendTextMessage(num, null, content, pend, null)函数就是发送  
短信的方法。第一个参数为目标者手机号、第二个参数为短信中心地址 null为默认地址、  
第三个参数短信的文本内容、第四个参数是一个intent会把发送结果带回。第五个参数不知，一般为null。  
  
一个应用程序要具备发送短信功能，需要在androidManifest.xml中加入android.permission.SEND\_SMS权限。  
  
在模拟器中发送中文会接收方出现乱码的问题，但是在真机中，就不会出现乱码的情况了。所以  
开发者只需要正常开发短信功能，不需要编码转换。  
  
接收短信也是比较方便的，主要是继承BroadcaseReceiver 类 ,覆盖onReceive 函数：  
  
1:相关类：  
android.content.BroadcastReceiver  
android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage;  
  
2:example code.  
  
public class MessageDemo extends BroadcastReceiver \{  
private static final String strACT = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS\_RECEIVED";  
  
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) \{  
if (intent.getAction().equals(strACT)) \{  
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();  
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();  
if (bundle != null) \{  
Object\[\] pdus = (Object\[\]) bundle.get("pdus");  
SmsMessage\[\] msg = new SmsMessage\[pdus.length\];  
for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) \{  
msg\[i\] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte\[\]) pdus\[i\]);  
\}  
for (SmsMessage currMsg : msg) \{  
sb.append("From:");  
sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayOriginatingAddress());  
sb.append("\\nMessage:");  
sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayMessageBody());  
\}  
\}  
\}  
  
\}  
\}  
3: 相关的配置  
  
修改AndroidManifest.xml，在Activity下添加receiver节点：  
<receiver android:name="MessageDemo">  
<intent-filter>  
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS\_RECEIVED" />  
</intent-filter>  
</receiver>  
随后在application下添加节点：  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND\_SMS"></uses-permission>  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE\_SMS"></uses-permission>  
  
4:使用BroadReceiver的弊端  
查看BroadReceiver sdk reference , 可以了解到所有的BroadReceiver对短信的接收是无顺序的状态，即使是使用了Ordered broadcasts对于同等优先级别的BroadReceiver ,也会产生无顺序的行为。  
所以下面介绍另一种接收短信的行为，包括其中可以进行短信的删除。  
  
5：从数据库端监听sms的收发  
//如下主要用于内部数据库改变，向外面的界面(Activity)做反应  
class SMSHandler extends Handler  
\{  
public void handleMessage(Message msg)  
\{  
//Handle message  
\}  
\}  
  
// 对收到短消息后，做出的处理,这里直接删除，并没有反应到界面，所以上面的handleMessage是空的。  
class SMSObserver extends ContentObserver  
\{  
private Handler m\_handle = null;  
  
public SMSObserver(Handler handle)  
\{  
super(handle);  
m\_handle = handle;  
\}  
  
public void onChange(boolean bSelfChange)  
\{  
super.onChange(bSelfChange);  
  
//Send message to Activity  
Message msg = new Message();  
msg.obj = "xxxxxxxxxx";  
m\_handle.sendMessage(msg);  
  
String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";  
Uri uriSms = Uri.parse(strUriInbox); //If you want to access all SMS, just replace the uri string to "content://sms/"  
Cursor c = mContext.getContentResolver().query(uriSms, null, null, null, null);  
// delete all sms here when every new sms occures.  
while (c.moveToNext())  
\{  
//Read the contents of the SMS;  
for(int i; i < c.getColumnCount(); i++)  
\{  
String strColumnName = c.getColumnName(i);  
String strColumnValue = c.getString(i);  
\}  
  
  
//Delete the SMS  
String pid = c.getString(1); //Get thread id;  
String uri = "content://sms/conversations/" + pid;  
mContext.getContentResolver().delete(Uri.parse(uri), null, null);  
  
\}  
  
  
  
  
\}  
\}  
  
//把基本类功能性地应用起来  
ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();// Context 环境下getContentResolver()  
Handler handler = new SMSHandler();  
ContentObserver m\_SMSObserver = new SMSObserver(handler);  
contentResolver.registerContentObserver(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"),true, m\_SMSObserver);  
//Register to observe SMS in outbox,we can observe SMS in other location by changing Uri string, such as inbox, sent, draft, outbox, etc.)  
  
// some Available Uri string for sms.  
/\*  
String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";//SMS\_INBOX:1  
String strUriFailed = "content://sms/failed";//SMS\_FAILED:2  
String strUriQueued = "content://sms/queued";//SMS\_QUEUED:3  
String strUriSent = "content://sms/sent";//SMS\_SENT:4  
String strUriDraft = "content://sms/draft";//SMS\_DRAFT:5  
String strUriOutbox = "content://sms/outbox";//SMS\_OUTBOX:6  
String strUriUndelivered = "content://sms/undelivered";//SMS\_UNDELIVERED  
String strUriAll = "content://sms/all";//SMS\_ALL  
String strUriConversations = "content://sms/conversations";//you can delete one conversation by thread\_id  
String strUriAll = "content://sms"//you can delete one message by \_id  
\*/  
  
REMEBER: must request following permission  
1) Read SMS  
<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.READ\_SMS" />  
2) Delete/Modify/Send SMS  
<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.WRITE\_SMS" />  
in AndroidManifest.xml

**Android****数据库总结：**

短信数据库  
String strUriInbox = "content://sms";  
Uri uriSms = Uri.parse(strUriInbox);  
Cursor c\_groups = managedQuery( uriSms , new String\[\] \{ "date","person" \}, select, null, "date DESC");  
  
strColumnName=\_id strColumnValue=48 //短消息序号  
strColumnName=thread\_id strColumnValue=16 //对话的序号（conversation）  
strColumnName=address strColumnValue=+8610086 //发件人地址，手机号  
strColumnName=person strColumnValue=null //发件人，返回一个数字就是联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null  
strColumnName=date strColumnValue=1256539464222 //日期 long型，想得到具体日期自己转换吧！  
strColumnName=protocol strColumnValue=0 //协议  
strColumnName=read strColumnValue=1 //是否阅读  
strColumnName=status strColumnValue=-1 //状态  
strColumnName=type strColumnValue=1 //类型 1是接收到的，2是发出的  
strColumnName=reply\_path\_present strColumnValue=0 //  
strColumnName=subject strColumnValue=null //主题  
strColumnName=body strColumnValue=您好 //短消息内容  
strColumnName=service\_center strColumnValue=+8613800755500 //短信服务中心号码编号，可以得知该短信是从哪里发过来的  
  
2.联系人数据库  
  
strColumnName = \_sync\_id strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = primary\_organization strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = notes strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = primary\_phone strColumnValue=1  
strColumnName = status strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = im\_handle strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = \_sync\_local\_id strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = im\_account strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = \_sync\_time strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = im\_protocol strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = mode strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = label strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = times\_contacted strColumnValue=0  
strColumnName = name strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = send\_to\_voicemail strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = primary\_email strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = custom\_ringtone strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = sort\_string strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = \_sync\_version strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = last\_time\_contacted strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = \_sync\_account strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = display\_name strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = number\_key strColumnValue=77681111831  
strColumnName = number strColumnValue=13811112345  
strColumnName = phonetic\_name strColumnValue=null  
strColumnName = \_id strColumnValue=1  
strColumnName = type strColumnValue=2  
strColumnName = \_sync\_dirty strColumnValue=1  
strColumnName = starred strColumnValue=0  
4.其他数据库  
//Available Uri string  
content://contacts/people //本地联系人列表信息  
content://contacts/phones //本地联系人列表信息  
content://call\_log/calls/ //本地通话记录  
  
content://mms 彩信  
content://mms-sms/threadID  
content://mms-sms/conversations  
content://mms-sms/messages/byphone  
content://mms-sms/undelivered  
content://mms-sms/draft

媒体

content://media/internal/images 这个URI将返回设备上存储的所有图片  
  
String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox"; //SMS\_INBOX:1  
String strUriFailed = "content://sms/failed"; //SMS\_FAILED:2  
String strUriQueued = "content://sms/queued"; //SMS\_QUEUED:3  
String strUriSent = "content://sms/sent"; //SMS\_SENT:4  
String strUriDraft = "content://sms/draft"; //SMS\_DRAFT:5  
String strUriOutbox = "content://sms/outbox"; //SMS\_OUTBOX:6  
String strUriUndelivered = "content://sms/undelivered"; //SMS\_UNDELIVERED  
String strUriAll = "content://sms/all"; //SMS\_ALL  
String strUriConversations= "content://sms/conversations";//you can delete one conversation by thread\_id  
String strUriAll = "content://sms" //you can delete one message by \_id

**访问短信数据库的****uri**  
**content://sms/inbox** **收件箱**  
 **content://sms/sent** **已发送**  
 **content://sms/draft** **草稿**  
 **content://sms/outbox** **发件箱**  
 **content://sms/failed** **发送失败**  
 **content://sms/queued** **待发送列表**  
  
数据库相关字段如下：  
  
\_id 一个自增字段，从1开始  
thread\_id 序号，同一发信人的id相同  
address 发件人手机号码（根据这个查找联系人姓名？）  
person 联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null  
date 发件日期，单位是milliseconds，从1970/01/01至今所经过的时间)  
protocol 协议，分为： 0 SMS\_RPOTO, 1 MMS\_PROTO  
read 是否阅读，0未读， 1已读  
status 状态，\-1接收，0 complete, 64 pending, 128 failed  
  
type  
ALL = 0;  
INBOX = 1;  
SENT = 2;  
DRAFT = 3;  
OUTBOX = 4;  
FAILED = 5;  
QUEUED = 6;  
  
 **body**短信内容  
 **service\_center**短信服务中心号码编号  
 **subject**短信的主题  
 **reply\_path\_present** TP-Reply-Path  
 **locked**访问短信数据库的uri  
**content://sms/inbox** **收件箱**  
 **content://sms/sent** **已发送**  
 **content://sms/draft** **草稿**  
 **content://sms/outbox** **发件箱**  
 **content://sms/failed** **发送失败**  
 **content://sms/queued** **待发送列表**  
content://sms/**conversations**"; //you can delete one conversation by thread\_id  
数据库相关字段如下：  
  
\_id 一个自增字段，从1开始  
thread\_id 序号，同一发信人的id相同  
address 发件人手机号码（根据这个查找联系人姓名？）  
person 联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null  
date 发件日期，单位是milliseconds，从1970/01/01至今所经过的时间)  
protocol 协议，分为： 0 SMS\_RPOTO, 1 MMS\_PROTO  
read 是否阅读，0未读， 1已读  
status 状态，\-1接收，0 complete, 64 pending, 128 failed  
  
type  
ALL = 0;  
INBOX = 1;  
SENT = 2;  
DRAFT = 3;  
OUTBOX = 4;  
FAILED = 5;  
QUEUED = 6;  
  
 **body**短信内容  
 **service\_center**短信服务中心号码编号  
 **subject**短信的主题  
 **reply\_path\_present** TP-Reply-Path  
 **locked**

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