Centos7系统安装nextcloud13.0.1,详细教程

妖狐艹你老母 2022-01-17 10:05 459阅读 0赞

首先，说一说这款开源软件的原理，主要核心是PHP，网页的代码也全部都是PHP的。  
为了防止后来人上当受坑，首先说一下本人是个小白，所以所有软件都均采用yum的方式，这样也比较适合我这样的新手。  
这里面特提一下一个坑，就是一定记得要关闭 防火墙，selinux。其次，就是要安装nginx和mysql数据库。  
安装nextcloud的前提服务器或者虚拟机上没有安装nginx、mysql、php已安装的请卸载干净  
一、首先查看防火墙和selinux是否关闭

> getenforce  
> systemctl status firewalld

二、安装nginx

> yum -y install nginx

三、安装php7.1

> rpm -Uvh [https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm][https_dl.fedoraproject.org_pub_epel_epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm]  
> rpm -Uvh [https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm][https_mirror.webtatic.com_yum_el7_webtatic-release.rpm]  
> yum search php71w  
> yum install php71w php71w-fpm php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-gd php71w-pdo php71w-mysql php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath php-dom

四、检测是否安装成功

> \#nginx -v  
> nginx version: nginx/1.12.2  
> \#php -v  
> PHP 7.1.29 (cli) (built: May 13 2019 18:32:21) ( NTS )  
> Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group  
> Zend Engine v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

五、使用 vim 编辑默认的 php7-fpm 配置文件。

> vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

在第 8 行和第 10行，user 和 group 赋值为 nginx。

> user = nginx  
> group = nginx

在第 22 行，确保 php-fpm 运行在指定端口。

> listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

取消第 366-370 行的注释，启用 php-fpm 的系统环境变量。

> env\[HOSTNAME\] = $HOSTNAME  
> env\[PATH\] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin  
> env\[TMP\] = /tmp  
> env\[TMPDIR\] = /tmp  
> env\[TEMP\] = /tmp

六、就是在 /var/lib/ 目录下创建一个新的文件夹 session，并将其拥有者变更为 nginx 用户。

> mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session  
> chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/

然后启动 php-fpm 和 Nginx，并且将它们设置为随开机启动的服务。

> systemctl start php-fpm  
> systemctl start nginx  
> systemctl enable php-fpm  
> systemctl enable nginx

七、安装mysql  
我这里使用 MariaDB 作为 Nextcloud 的数据库。可以直接使用 yum 命令从 CentOS 默认远程仓库中安装 mariadb-server包。

> yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

启动 MariaDB，并将其添加到随系统启动的服务中去。

> systemctl start mariadb  
> systemctl enable mariadb

mysql数据库搭建完成是没有密码的自己可以设置，我在这里没有设置密码直接登陆  
直接进入数据库创建名为 nextcloud\_db 的数据库以及名为 nextclouduser 的用户，用户密码为 nextclouduser。当然自己也可以随意设置密码。

> create database nextcloud\_db;  
> create user nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextclouduser';  
> grant all privileges on nextcloud\_db.\* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextclouduser';  
> flush privileges;

八、为nextcloud 生成自签名ssl证书  
为 SSL 文件创建新目录：

> mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert/

使用 openssl 生成一个新的 SSL 证书。

> openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key

会出现一下信息，可以随便填写

> Country Name (2 letter code) \[XX\]:cn //国家  
> State or Province Name (full name) \[\]:guangdong //省份  
> Locality Name (eg, city) \[Default City\]:guangzhou //地区名字  
> Organization Name (eg, company) \[Default Company Ltd\]:Amos //公司名  
> Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) \[\]:Technology //部门  
> Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) \[\]:Amos //CA主机名  
> Email Address \[\]:Amos@Amos.com //Email地址

修改文件夹权限

> chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/\*  
> chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert

九、下载Nextcloud

> wget [https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-13.0.1.zip][https_download.nextcloud.com_server_releases_nextcloud-13.0.1.zip]

解压

> unzip nextcloud-13.0.1.zip

移动到nginx站点目录

> mv nextcloud/ /usr/share/nginx/html/

创建nextcloud的存储目录并设置权限

> cd /usr/share/nginx/html/  
> mkdir -p nextcloud/data/  
> chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/

十、编辑nginx配置文件  
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/  
vim nextcloud.conf

> upstream php-handler \{  
> server 127.0.0.1:9000;  
> \}
> 
> server \{  
> listen 80;  
> server\_name wangpan.zkzd.cn;  
> return 301 https://$server\_name$request\_uri;  
> \}
> 
> server \{  
> listen 443 ssl;  
> server\_name cloud.nextcloud.co;
> 
>     ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt;
>     ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key;
>     add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
>     includeSubDomains; preload;";
>     add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
>     add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
>     add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
>     add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
>     add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
>     add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
>     root /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/;
>     
>     location = /robots.txt {
>         allow all;
>         log_not_found off;
>         access_log off;
>     }
>     location = /.well-known/carddav {
>       return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
>     }
>     location = /.well-known/caldav {
>       return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
>     }
>     client_max_body_size 512M;
>     fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
>     gzip off;
>     
>     error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
>     error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
>     
>     location / {
>         rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
>     }
>     
>     location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
>         deny all;
>     }
>     location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
>         deny all;
>     }
>     
>     location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
>         include fastcgi_params;
>         fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
>         fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
>         fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
>         fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
>         #Avoid sending the security headers twice
>         fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
>         fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
>         fastcgi_pass php-handler;
>         fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
>         fastcgi_request_buffering off;
>     }
>     
>     location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
>         try_files $uri/ =404;
>         index index.php;
>     }
>     location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
>         try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
>         add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
>         add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
>         includeSubDomains; preload;";
>         add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
>         add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
>         add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
>         add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
>         add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
>         add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
>         access_log off;
>     }
>     
>     location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
>         try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
>         access_log off;
>     }
> 
> \}

检查nginx语法正确重启nginx  
nginx -t  
systemctl restart nginx  
注意：中间可能有php模块没有安装，自己yum安装一下缺少的模块不一一阐述了！

> yum install php-dom  
> yum install php-xml --skip-broken

十一、登陆外面页面看是否搭建成功，一般是用域名也可以是IP访问，如果报错500 看下nginx配置文件 是否正确 百分之99是配置文件错误，希望对大家有所帮助。

Nextcloud私有网盘搭建完成有问题可以随时联系我  
**QQ：1349371880**

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/12226796/2405388

[https_dl.fedoraproject.org_pub_epel_epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm]: https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[https_mirror.webtatic.com_yum_el7_webtatic-release.rpm]: https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[https_download.nextcloud.com_server_releases_nextcloud-13.0.1.zip]: https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-13.0.1.zip