PGP加密软件使用教程-云安全技术

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-01-23 07:21 560阅读 0赞

# **PGP加密技术：** #

PGP ( Pretty Good Privacy )加密技术是一种基于RSA公钥加密体系的邮件加密软件,提供了公共密钥加密技术。

PGP加密技术的创始人是美国的Phil Zimmermann。他的创造性是把RSA公钥体系和传统加密体系结合起来,并且在数字签名和密钥认证管理机制上进行巧妙设计,因此PGP成为目前几乎最流行的公钥加密软件包。

由于RSA算法计算量极大,在速度上不适合加密大量数据,所以PGP实际上用来加密的不是RSA本身,而是采用传统加密算法IDEA , IDEA加解密的速度比RSA快得多。PGP随机生成-一个密钥,用IDEA算法对明文加密,然后用RSA算法对密钥加密。收件人同样是用RSA解出随机密钥,再用IEDA解出原文。这样的链式加密既有RSA算法的保密性( Privacy )和认证性( Authentication ),又保持了IDEA算法速度快的优势。

# **利用PGP软件实现邮件加密** #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**用户test1的邮箱地址为：**[**1409xxxxxx@qq.com**][1409xxxxxx_qq.com]

**用户test1的邮箱地址为：**[**wangxxxxxx@outlook.com**][wangxxxxxx_outlook.com]

**打开PGP Desktop，选择-文件-新建-PGP密钥，打开“PGP密钥生成助手”。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

**输入名称和邮件地址。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**创建口令。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**完成密钥生成。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

**下一步。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

**在PGP Desktop中，选择-工具-选项，打开-PGP选项。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

**选择-主密钥，进行添加。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

**添加到密钥。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**确定。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**选中“test1”账户，右键选择“导出”。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

**选择好保存位置将密钥保存。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

**将test1的公钥复制并发送给test2用户。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

**将test2的公钥发送给test1用户。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

**test2****将要发送的文件利用PGP进行加密。选中文件-右键-PGP Desktop-使用密钥保护。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

**将文件加密。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

**在打开的“PGP压缩包助手”对话框里，点击“添加”按钮，添加test1和tes2公钥。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

**在打开的“PGP压缩包助手”对话框里，可以对信件进行签名，同时设置加密、签名后的文件保存位置，设置完成。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

**文件保存位置。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

**向test1用户发送加密文件。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

**test1****用户接收文件，对加密附件右键选择-PGP Desktop，选择解密&校验选项进行解密，即可得到明文邮件。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

**解密结果如下。**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

# 一、PGP的加密过程图 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zOTMyOTc1OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

# **二、 PGP加密过程** #

1 用伪随机数生成器生成会话密钥

2 用公钥密码加密会话密钥

3 压缩消息

4 使用对称密码对压缩的消息进行加密，这里使用的密钥是步骤1中生成的会话密钥。

5 将加密的会话密钥（步骤2）与加密的消息（步骤4）拼合起来。

6 将步骤5的结果转换为文本数据，转换后的结果就是报文数据。

# **三 、PGP加密特点** #

用公钥加密会话密钥，用对称密码加密消息。

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[1409xxxxxx_qq.com]: mailto:1409170409@qq.com
[wangxxxxxx_outlook.com]: mailto:wagnrui314@outlook.com
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