Spring Cloud之Ribbon与Nginx区别

Myth丶恋晨 2022-01-28 11:27 185阅读 0赞

# [Spring Cloud之Ribbon与Nginx区别][Spring Cloud_Ribbon_Nginx] #

## 客户端负载均衡器 ##

在SpringCloud中Ribbon负载均衡客户端，会从eureka注册中心服务器端上获取服务注册信息列表，缓存到本地。

让后在本地实现轮训负载均衡策略。

### Ribbon与Nginx区别 ###

1.服务器端负载均衡Nginx

nginx是客户端所有请求统一交给nginx，由nginx进行实现负载均衡请求转发，属于服务器端负载均衡。

既请求有nginx服务器端进行转发。

2.客户端负载均衡Ribbon

Ribbon是从eureka注册中心服务器端上获取服务注册信息列表，缓存到本地，让后在本地实现轮训负载均衡策略。

既在客户端实现负载均衡。

应用场景的区别：

Nginx适合于服务器端实现负载均衡 比如Tomcat ，Ribbon适合与在微服务中RPC远程调用实现本地服务负载均衡，比如Dubbo、SpringCloud中都是采用本地负载均衡。

Ribbon是Spring Cloud （本地）客户端负载均衡器

Ribbon底层实现：

Member：

![1179709-20181113184559311-1185030590.png][]

pom：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.toov5</groupId>
      <artifactId>member</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      
      
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    	</parent>
    	
    	<dependencyManagement>
    		<dependencies>
    			<dependency>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    				<version>Finchley.M7</version>
    				<type>pom</type>
    				<scope>import</scope>
    			</dependency>
    		</dependencies>
    	</dependencyManagement>
    	<dependencies>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>false</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
      
    </project>

yml：

###服务启动端口号
    server:
      port: 8009
    ###服务名称(服务注册到eureka名称)  
    spring:
        application:
            name: app-toov5-member
    ###服务注册到eureka地址
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
        ##当前会员注册到eureka服务  地址+端口号 
               defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8100/eureka
               
    ###因为该应用为注册中心，不会注册自己
        register-with-eureka: true
    ###是否需要从eureka上获取注册信息
        fetch-registry: true

Controller类

package com.toov5.api.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class MemberApiController {
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String serverPort;
        
        @RequestMapping("/getMember")
      public String getMember() {
            return "会员服务"+serverPort;
      }
    }

启动类：

package com.toov5.api;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient   //注册到eureka
    public class AppMember {
       
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(AppMember.class, args);
        }
        
    }

Order

![1179709-20181113184624325-126239670.png][]

Controlller

package com.toov5.api.controller;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    //纯手写Ribbon本地负载均衡
    @RestController
    public class ExtRibbonController {
        @Autowired
        private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        //定义请求数
        private int reqCount;
        
    @RequestMapping("/ribbonMember")    
       public String ribbonMember() {
           //互殴去对应服务器远程调用地址
          String  instanceUrl =  getInstance()+"/getMember";
          System.out.println("instanceUrl"+instanceUrl);
            //直接使用httpclient远程调用。本次使用rest方式
          String result = restTemplate.getForObject(instanceUrl, String.class);  //底层使用httpclient实现的
           return result;
       }
       private String getInstance() {
           List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("app-toov5-member");
           if (instances==null || instances.size()==0) {
            return null;
        }
           int instanceSize = instances.size();
           int serviceIndex = reqCount%instanceSize;
           reqCount++;
            
           return instances.get(serviceIndex).getUri().toString();
       }
    }

启动类：

package com.toov5.api.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    public class AppOrder {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AppOrder.class, args);
    }
      //解决RestTemplate找不到问题  把restTemplate注册到Spring Boot容器中
      @Bean
    //  @LoadBalanced   手写的 不要去实现本地负载均衡效果了
      RestTemplate restTemplate() {  
          return new RestTemplate();
      }
      
    }

yml：

###服务启动端口号
    server:
      port: 8002
    ###服务名称(服务注册到eureka名称)  
    spring:
        application:
            name: app-toov5-order
    ###服务注册到eureka地址
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
               defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8100/eureka
    
               
    ###因为该应用为注册中心，不会注册自己
        register-with-eureka: true
    ###是否需要从eureka上获取注册信息
        fetch-registry: true

pom

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.toov5</groupId>
      <artifactId>order</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      
      <parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    	</parent>
    	
    	<dependencyManagement>
    		<dependencies>
    			<dependency>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    				<version>Finchley.M7</version>
    				<type>pom</type>
    				<scope>import</scope>
    			</dependency>
    		</dependencies>
    	</dependencyManagement>
    	<dependencies>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    	</dependencies>
    	
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>false</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
    </project>

Eureka

![1179709-20181113184844503-1361456430.png][]

pom

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.toov5</groupId>
      <artifactId>SpringCloud-eureka-server</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    	</parent>
    	
    	<dependencyManagement>
    		<dependencies>
    			<dependency>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    				<version>Finchley.M7</version>
    				<type>pom</type>
    				<scope>import</scope>
    			</dependency>
    		</dependencies>
    	</dependencyManagement>
    	<dependencies>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies> 
    	
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>false</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
      
    </project>

yml

###eureka 服务端口号
    server:
      port: 8100
    ###服务注册名称
    eureka:
      instance:
      ##注册中心ip地址
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
    ###客户端调用地址
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
    ###因为该应用为注册中心，不会注册自己 （集群设为true）
        register-with-eureka: false
    ###因为自己为注册中心 ,不会去在该应用中的检测服务 
        fetch-registry: false

package com.toov5;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
    
    @EnableEurekaServer   //开启注册中心
    @SpringBootApplication 
    public class AppEureka {
      
         public static void main(String[] args) {
               SpringApplication.run(AppEureka.class, args);
        }
        
    }

启动访问：

![1179709-20181113185032911-1693616386.png][]

![1179709-20181113185052579-650600688.png][]

![1179709-20181113185107166-1360521703.png][]

[Spring Cloud_Ribbon_Nginx]: https://www.cnblogs.com/toov5/p/9953971.html
[1179709-20181113184559311-1185030590.png]: /images/20220128/ccc97c7d08ef41a4836f94dfd0b46f63.png
[1179709-20181113184624325-126239670.png]: /images/20220128/d43961cd1d314d528dcf131d1ab862ef.png
[1179709-20181113184844503-1361456430.png]: /images/20220128/5ae408352ec24259998d35c092a55910.png
[1179709-20181113185032911-1693616386.png]: /images/20220128/ef2049a0322b4f6b9198aa8bdf2aa5ce.png
[1179709-20181113185052579-650600688.png]: /images/20220128/06ba0f9c7ebf40e2813f5abf6414fa94.png
[1179709-20181113185107166-1360521703.png]: /images/20220128/f983dc4271014c1d8d92ecb97e1be6a5.png