数据通信技术（八：OSPF单区域配置实验）

以你之姓@ 2022-01-30 13:25 254阅读 0赞

**OSPF****单区域配置实验(Cisco)**

**一．知识准备**

1.掌握了OSPF动态路由协议的定义和功能；

2.掌握了OSPF动态路由协议的特征和工作原理。

**二．实验目的**

掌握OSPF动态路由单区域的基本配置方法和结果验证。

掌握OSPF单区域配置的作用

**三．实验内容**

在Cisco模拟器中完成OSPF动态路由单区域的基本配置和结果验证。

**四．实验流程**

1.配置任务说明；

如下图所示，在路由器R1,R2和R3上运行OSPF协议，且所有接口都划分在Area0中。请完成OSPF单区域的基本配置，实现单区域内的网络互联互通。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2.业务配置流程图；

![20190519183323485.jpg][]

3.实验配置过程；

3.1路由器R1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

3.2路由器R2基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

3.3路由器R3基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

3.4路由器R4基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

3.5 PC1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

3.5 PC1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

4.查看和验证；

4.1查看各路由器路由表

命令：ZXR10\#show ip route

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

4.2查看各路由器OSPF的运行信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

4.3查看各路由器OSPF的邻居路由器信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf neighbor

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

路由器R2：

![20190519183524984.png][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

路由器R4：

![2019051918355262.png][]

4.4进行ping验证

PC1 ping PC2

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

PC2 ping PC1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

4.5查看各路由器OSPF的链路状态数据库信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf database

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

4.6设置路线，使PC0到PC1经过R0-R1-R2，PC1到PC0进R2-R3-R0；

a)运用ospf负载均衡原理，通过命令ip ospf cost 值 来选用选择哪条路线，cost值越小，优先选择哪条。

R1：

![20190519183647242.png][]

R2：

![20190519183650542.png][]

R3：

![20190519183654103.png][]

R4：

![20190519183657853.png][]

b)验证：

PC1 ping PC2

![20190519183703196.png][]

PC2 ping PC1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

**五、实验思考与总结**

1、在配置正确合理的基础上，更进一步的理解掌握其路由器工作原理；

2、正确理解并解读路由表信息。

3、掌握了在路由器上配置OSPE单区域,知道了OSPE路由协议是通过向全网扩散本设备的链路状态信息,使网络中每台设备最终同步一个具有全网链路状态的数据库,然后路由器采用SPF算法,以自己为根,计算到达其他网络的最短路径,最终形成全网路由信息这个实验原理。

数据通信技术（一：IP划分）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345408  
数据通信技术（二：交换机配置管理）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345467  
数据通信技术（三：VLAN划分）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345485  
数据通信技术（四：链路聚合）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345513  
数据通信技术（五：直连路由）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345550  
数据通信技术（六：静态路由实验）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345570  
数据通信技术（七：RIP路由水平分割配置）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345596  
数据通信技术（八：OSPF单区域配置实验）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345664  
数据通信技术（九：OSPF特殊区域配置(Cisco)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345767  
数据通信技术（十：OSPF特殊区域TOTALLY STUB配置(ZTE)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345807  
数据通信技术（十一：无中继的DHCP配置(ZTE)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345828

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220130/046b7f8506444f7dadc0fed8f800674e.png
[20190519183323485.jpg]: /images/20220130/ee4fb2f5cb164a798d3e18a38ffb35b6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220130/68f14fe17f5345ef8762672cc28a262a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220130/70b3d17cbf334c25bc1aa53d4265de09.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220130/84ed86d35adc4a8cbda8da7d769e5e89.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220130/b2e1708222764c099ba501b77e189048.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220130/364512d9e3064ac588293d058a294706.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220130/52b4801745c348e397983aa6ff958bf2.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20220130/88879c8835704c1aa78ca90051424a28.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20220130/7dac18ead8bb4fbba3c7cfce21d7f0a5.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20220130/fc0ab9770e0a430c96d678ef635ae2a0.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20220130/e2a5513868034ff4a8165ce1db6c4b87.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20220130/3c78610fb0924a3b8b4ec9285ccef264.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20220130/be97cbcd3d6243739d3246459aeca4d6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20220130/d2e18a9a3e264967aa6aa43d6c382fbf.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20220130/97c78d8ba1a54764aed62d3c7df237a2.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20220130/af643ee230b74138b82c600540940a02.png
[20190519183524984.png]: /images/20220130/40f9b579d4964a85894826f2cb7e2781.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]: /images/20220130/27a8c631fc9f467384c6b77530c2cd10.png
[2019051918355262.png]: /images/20220130/9f5baefb5fbd44409bbd5222467c7d01.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]: /images/20220130/48a4120d30844109bd0cf35854038993.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]: /images/20220130/454c6c4595624e7fa381f226ba6bf0ef.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19]: /images/20220130/644213157d1847e894644ea9ffb3827b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20]: /images/20220130/49f4332cd74641a88317c93f368ebe68.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21]: /images/20220130/184f4bbb343d4a0c93f91ccbb63b42bc.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22]: /images/20220130/96c1ae410d22403e8498373dfd0685e7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23]: /images/20220130/3c94c9d83483478aa8effeb19b57cfff.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24]: /images/20220130/c5ef94b6e5dc44c2a816e6d96c5a0f62.png
[20190519183647242.png]: /images/20220130/598ce90e055149e9aeeab193ed151296.png
[20190519183650542.png]: /images/20220130/074d4b8f38eb49069bb4c71f490538d7.png
[20190519183654103.png]: /images/20220130/09158737ac5d42708a00f5b38fa9b635.png
[20190519183657853.png]: /images/20220130/2c07c505dad4480aa36fadafe39969e7.png
[20190519183703196.png]: /images/20220130/a545a35d2d264a0da3bd2fbfd9b192b2.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25]: /images/20220130/a5d79c2c7eac42fea10efa997e225124.png