数据通信技术（八：OSPF单区域配置实验）

以你之姓@ 2022-01-30 13:25 343阅读 0赞

**OSPF****单区域配置实验(Cisco)**

**一．知识准备**

1.掌握了OSPF动态路由协议的定义和功能；

2.掌握了OSPF动态路由协议的特征和工作原理。

**二．实验目的**

掌握OSPF动态路由单区域的基本配置方法和结果验证。

掌握OSPF单区域配置的作用

**三．实验内容**

在Cisco模拟器中完成OSPF动态路由单区域的基本配置和结果验证。

**四．实验流程**

1.配置任务说明；

如下图所示，在路由器R1,R2和R3上运行OSPF协议，且所有接口都划分在Area0中。请完成OSPF单区域的基本配置，实现单区域内的网络互联互通。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2.业务配置流程图；

![20190519183323485.jpg][]

3.实验配置过程；

3.1路由器R1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

3.2路由器R2基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

3.3路由器R3基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

3.4路由器R4基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

3.5 PC1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

3.5 PC1基本配置；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

4.查看和验证；

4.1查看各路由器路由表

命令：ZXR10\#show ip route

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

4.2查看各路由器OSPF的运行信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

4.3查看各路由器OSPF的邻居路由器信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf neighbor

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

路由器R2：

![20190519183524984.png][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

路由器R4：

![2019051918355262.png][]

4.4进行ping验证

PC1 ping PC2

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

PC2 ping PC1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

4.5查看各路由器OSPF的链路状态数据库信息；

命令：ZXR10\#show ip ospf database

路由器R1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

路由器R2：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

路由器R3：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

路由器R4：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

4.6设置路线，使PC0到PC1经过R0-R1-R2，PC1到PC0进R2-R3-R0；

a)运用ospf负载均衡原理，通过命令ip ospf cost 值 来选用选择哪条路线，cost值越小，优先选择哪条。

R1：

![20190519183647242.png][]

R2：

![20190519183650542.png][]

R3：

![20190519183654103.png][]

R4：

![20190519183657853.png][]

b)验证：

PC1 ping PC2

![20190519183703196.png][]

PC2 ping PC1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3ODIzNjA1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

**五、实验思考与总结**

1、在配置正确合理的基础上，更进一步的理解掌握其路由器工作原理；

2、正确理解并解读路由表信息。

3、掌握了在路由器上配置OSPE单区域,知道了OSPE路由协议是通过向全网扩散本设备的链路状态信息,使网络中每台设备最终同步一个具有全网链路状态的数据库,然后路由器采用SPF算法,以自己为根,计算到达其他网络的最短路径,最终形成全网路由信息这个实验原理。

数据通信技术（一：IP划分）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345408  
数据通信技术（二：交换机配置管理）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345467  
数据通信技术（三：VLAN划分）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345485  
数据通信技术（四：链路聚合）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345513  
数据通信技术（五：直连路由）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345550  
数据通信技术（六：静态路由实验）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345570  
数据通信技术（七：RIP路由水平分割配置）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345596  
数据通信技术（八：OSPF单区域配置实验）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345664  
数据通信技术（九：OSPF特殊区域配置(Cisco)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345767  
数据通信技术（十：OSPF特殊区域TOTALLY STUB配置(ZTE)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345807  
数据通信技术（十一：无中继的DHCP配置(ZTE)）  
https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_37823605/article/details/90345828

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