SpringCloudGateway笔记(1)-介绍与基础使用

布满荆棘的人生 2022-02-01 01:13 249阅读 0赞

Spring Cloud Gateway 介绍和基础使用

#### 简介 ####

Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring官方团队推出的网关框架，用于取代Spring Cloud Netflix Zuul

Spring Cloud Gateway的特征：

*  基于Spring Framework 5、Project Reactor和Spring Boot 2.0构建
 *  能够匹配任何请求属性上的路由。
 *  谓词和过滤器是特定于路由的。
 *  Hystrix断路器集成。
 *  Spring Cloud DiscoveryClient集成
 *  易于编写谓词和过滤器
 *  请求速率限制
 *  路径重写

作为网关组件支持websocket，灰度发布，限流空指等功能

#### 基础使用 ####

工程基于

spring boot 2.1.3.RELEASE

spring cloud Greenwich.SR1

##### STEP1 创建一个工程 #####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.mt.demo</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway-demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>spring-cloud-gateway-demo</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
    
    </project>

##### STEP2. 配置文件 #####

spring:
      application:
        name: spring-cloud-gateway-demo
      cloud:
        gateway:
          discovery:
            locator:
              enabled: true #启用路由访问
              lower-case-service-id: true #启动服务名小写
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${server.port}
        prefer-ip-address: true
    server:
      port: 10001

##### STEP3. 启动注解 #####

@EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class SpringCloudGatewayDemoApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudGatewayDemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

##### STEP4. 验证 #####

启动另外一个服务spring-cloud-client-demo

用postman请求

[http://localhost:10001/spring-cloud-client-demo/demo/get?param=aaa][http_localhost_10001_spring-cloud-client-demo_demo_get_param_aaa]

返回正确的请求结果。

欢迎关注微信交流  
![在这里插入图片描述][70]

[http_localhost_10001_spring-cloud-client-demo_demo_get_param_aaa]: http://localhost:10001/spring-cloud-client-demo/demo/get?param=aaa
[70]: /images/20220201/706ef7b1d2db4aabb690ff6fd9d310df.png