Node.js ORM 框架 Sequelize 重要更新 v5 发布

待我称王封你为后i 2022-02-13 05:45 275阅读 0赞

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[Node.js ORM 框架 Sequelize v5 已正式发布][Node.js ORM _ Sequelize v5]，这也是 v4 推出一年多后的主要版本。

Sequelize 是一个基于 promise 的 Node.js ORM，目前支持 PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite 和 Microsoft SQL Server 数据库，它具有强大的事务支持、关联关系、读取和复制等功能。Sequelize.js 完全使用 JavaScript 编写，适用于 Node.js 环境。

下面我们不妨看看 v5 版本有哪些值得关注的更新。

首先要说明的是，这是一个重要的版本，但同时也包含了许多不兼容的变化。

### **重大变更** ###

**仅支持 Node v6 及更高版本**

从 Sequelize v5 开始，仅支持 Node 6 及更高版本 ([\#9015][9015])

**安全运算符(Secure Operators)**

从 v4 版本开始，用户就开始接收到关于“不推荐使用基于字符串的运算符”的弃用警告，也是从那时起就引入了运算符的概念。这些运算符用于防止 HASH 注入攻击。[http://docs.sequelizejs.com/manual/querying.html\#operators-security][http_docs.sequelizejs.com_manual_querying.html_operators-security]

在 v5 版本中

*  默认启用运算符功能
 *  删除 Op.$raw
 *  仍可通过传入 operators map 至 operatorsAliases 的方式来使用字符串运算符，但会返回弃用警告

**改进对 TypeScript 的支持**

这也是该版本最值得关注度的更新之一。Sequelize 现在已正式添加对 TypeScript typings 的支持 ([\#10287][10287])

**已被删除的别名**

许多常量、对象和类中所调用的原型已被删除，具体如下 ([\#9372][9372])：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Removed in v5</th> 
   <th>Official Alternative</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Utils</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Utils</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Promise</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Promise</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.TableHints</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.TableHints</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Op</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Op</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Transaction</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Transaction</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Model</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Model</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Deferrable</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Deferrable</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype.Error</td> 
   <td>Sequelize.Error</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Sequelize.prototype[error]</td> 
   <td>Sequelize[error]</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

import Sequelize from 'sequelize';
    const sequelize = new Sequelize('postgres://user:password@127.0.0.1:mydb');
    
    /**
     * In v4 you can do this
     */
    console.log(sequelize.Op === Sequelize.Op) // logs `true`
    console.log(sequelize.UniqueConstraintError === Sequelize.UniqueConstraintError) // logs `true`
    
    Model.findAll({
      where: {
        [sequelize.Op.and]: [ // Using sequelize.Op or Sequelize.Op interchangeably
          {
            name: "Abc"
          },
          {
            age: {
              [Sequelize.Op.gte]: 18
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }).catch(sequelize.ConnectionError, () => {
      console.error('Something wrong with connection?');
    });
    
    /**
     * In v5 aliases has been removed from Sequelize prototype
     * You should use Sequelize directly to access Op, Errors etc
     */
    
    Model.findAll({
      where: {
        [Sequelize.Op.and]: [ // Dont use sequelize.Op, use Sequelize.Op instead
          {
            name: "Abc"
          },
          {
            age: {
              [Sequelize.Op.gte]: 18
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }).catch(Sequelize.ConnectionError, () => {
      console.error('Something wrong with connection?');
    });

此外，针对不同的数据库也进行了一定程度上的变更，[详情请查看发布公告][Link 1]。

[_ _1]: https://cloud.baidu.com/campaign/CreateFuture-2019/index.html?track=cp:dsp%7Cpf:pc%7Cpp:chui-kaiyuanzhongguo-huodong-19kuanghuanji-BCC-zixunxiangqingyewenzilian-190424%7Cpu:zixunxiangqingyewenzilian%7Cci:2019khj%7Ckw:2116247
[hot3.png]: /images/20220213/998713d3cf0441599466586773bd6f54.png
[Node.js ORM _ Sequelize v5]: http://docs.sequelizejs.com/manual/upgrade-to-v5.html
[9015]: https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/issues/9015
[http_docs.sequelizejs.com_manual_querying.html_operators-security]: http://docs.sequelizejs.com/manual/querying.html#operators-security
[10287]: https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/pull/10287
[9372]: https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/issues/9372
[Link 1]: https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/releases/tag/v5.1.0