springcloud 微服务搭建服务发现+断路器+服务配置（eureka+hystrix+config）

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-02-14 13:29 146阅读 0赞

### 1、结构概述 ###

本文包含4个springboot服务，A.服务注册中心，B.被发现和被调用服务(注册到A服务)，C.接口服务(注册到A服务) ，D. client服务(外部服务)；

C服务调用B 服务，若是C调用B服务失败，有断路功能，并且C 服务对外提供接口供D 服务使用

注意：示例只提供基本的逻辑，不做业务处理。

各个服务结构图如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

###  服务A: ###

pom文件：

<properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

application yml文件：

server:
      port: 20001
    
    eureka:
      instance:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
        appname: eureka-server      #服务注册中心名称
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}  #服务注册中心IP
        registerWithEureka: false   #不能注册自身
        fetchRegistry: false

启动类 java 文件：

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer//服务注册server注解
    public class EurekaServerApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

### 服务B: ###

pom 文件：

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-client</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

application yml文件：

eureka:
      instance:
        preferIpAddress: true
      client:
        registerWithEureka: true
        fetchRegistry: true
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:20001/eureka/ #注册中心地址
    
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: organizationservice
      profiles:
        active:
          default
      cloud:
        config:
          enabled: true
    
    server:
      port: 8087

服务启动Java文件：

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient//服务发现注解
    public class ServerApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ServerApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

控制层 Java文件：

@RestController
    public class Hello {
        @GetMapping("/hello")
        public User hello() {
            User user = new User();
            user.setAge("66");
            user.setName("abcd");
            return user;
        }
    }

### 服务C: ###

pom 文件：

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.netflix.hystrix</groupId>
                <artifactId>hystrix-javanica</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.12</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

application yml文件：

eureka:
      instance:
        preferIpAddress: true
      client:
        registerWithEureka: true
        fetchRegistry: true
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:20001/eureka/   #注册中心地址
    spring:
      application:
        name: licensingservice
      profiles:
        active:
          default
      cloud:
        config:
          enabled: true
    
    server:
      port: 8088
    
    #打开断路器
    feign:
      hystrix:
        enabled:  true

启动类 java文件：

/**
     * 接口应用
     * 发现 server 服务，调用 server服务应用的api
     * 不处理逻辑业务
     * 对外提供接口
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @EnableFeignClients
    public class LicenseApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(LicenseApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

接口类：

//TestCallBack--- 若是调用organizationservice服务接口失败，调用TestCallBack类中相同的接口方法
    @FeignClient(name = "organizationservice", fallback = TestCallBack.class)
    public interface TestApi {
        @GetMapping("/hello")
        User hello();
    
    }

断路器类：

@Component
    public class TestCallBack implements TestApi {
    	@Override
    	public User hello() {
    	    return null;
    	}
    
    }

控制类：

@RestController
    public class TestController {
        @Autowired
        TestService testService;
        @GetMapping("/hello")
        public User hello () {
            return testService.hello();
        }
    
    }

业务类：

@Service
    public class TestService {
        @Autowired
        TestApi testApi;
        public User hello() {
            return testApi.hello();
        }
    }

### 服务D: ###

pom 文件：

application 文件：

server.port=8889
    eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
    eureka.client.fetch-registry=false

启动类： 不需要修改，默认

控制类：

@RestController
    public class TestController {
    
        @Autowired
        private TestService service;
    
    
         @GetMapping("/hello")
        public User getHello () {
            return service.getHello();
        }
    }

业务类：

@Service
    public class TestService {
        @Bean
        public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate template;
        
        public User getHello () {
            String url = "http://localhost:8088/hello";
            ResponseEntity<User> resultResponseEntity = this.template.exchange(
                    String.format(url),
                    HttpMethod.GET, null, User.class);
            if (resultResponseEntity.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.OK) {
                return resultResponseEntity.getBody();
            }
            return null;
        }
    
    
    }

### 服务 A、B、C、D 建立好了之后，按顺序依次启动这几个服务。 ###

进入服务注册中心(A服务)，出现如下标注处的服务(B和C服务)，说明服务已经注册到了注册中心：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

进入D 服务，外部调用C服务，能够返回数据，说明请求成功：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

进入C服务调用接口：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

关闭服务B,再次调用服务C接口：

返回内容为空，说明断路器起了作用。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220214/b436fe9f2c5e42bfa28e6c22b25c6e03.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220214/2f90cb1a14574248882aeb47031380df.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5waW5nMTk5Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220214/85de2e5e73e04569a1537b55a7ad53c3.png