Freemarker自定义指令把java对象转成json

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-02-17 11:27 1220阅读 0赞

## 1、前言 ##

使用Freemarker做模板构建页面是比较简单的，但在某些复杂的场景下需要在js中使用spring 中的model对象是个问题。

但是js不认识java对象。需要用Freemarker自定义函数去解决这个问题

## 2、项目构建 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

##  构建web应用 ##

### 3.1、添加fastJson依赖 ###

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.57</version>
            </dependency>

整个pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.whwe</groupId>
        <artifactId>web-demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>web-demo</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.57</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

### 3.2、配置webMvc ###

package com.whwe.webdemo.config;
    
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.*;
    
    /**
     * @ClassName WebMvcConfig
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author yueyiming
     * @Date 2019/4/19 9:32
     */
    @Configuration
    public class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    
        /**
         * Override this method to add resource handlers for serving static resources.
         *
         * @param registry
         * @see ResourceHandlerRegistry
         */
        @Override
        protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    
            registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/js/");
            registry.addResourceHandler("/statics/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/statics/");
            super.addResourceHandlers(registry);
        }
    
        /**
         * Override this method to configure cross origin requests processing.
         *
         * @param registry
         * @see CorsRegistry
         * @since 4.2
         */
        @Override
        protected void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
            super.addCorsMappings(registry);
        }
        /**
         * Override this method to add Spring MVC interceptors for
         * pre- and post-processing of controller invocation.
         *
         * @param registry
         * @see InterceptorRegistry
         */
        @Override
        protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
            super.addInterceptors(registry);
        }
    }

### 3.3、自定义java对象转成json的方法 ###

package com.whwe.webdemo.json;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
    
    /**
     * @ClassName MyJson
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author yueyiming
     * @Date 2019/4/19 14:12
     */
    public class MyJson {
        public static String toJson(Object src) {
            String json = JSON.toJSONString(src);
            return json;
        }
    }

### 3.4、配置Freemarker的配置 ###

FreeMarker内部使用的变量的类型都实现了freemarker.template.TemplateModel接口。

我们需要把我们刚才的自定义类包装成TemplateModel的子类*TemplateHashModel*

package com.whwe.webdemo.json;
    
    import freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper;
    import freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapperBuilder;
    import freemarker.template.*;
    import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    @Log4j2
    public class FreemarkerStaticModels extends HashMap<String, Object> {
    
    	public FreemarkerStaticModels(Map<String, String> classMap) {
    		for (String key : classMap.keySet()) {
    			put(key, getModel(classMap.get(key)));
    		}
    	}
    	private TemplateHashModel getModel(String packageName) {
    		BeansWrapper wrapper = new BeansWrapperBuilder(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_28).build();
    		TemplateHashModel fileStatics=null;
    		try {
    			fileStatics = (TemplateHashModel)  wrapper.getStaticModels().get(packageName);
    			return fileStatics;
    		} catch (TemplateModelException e) {
    			log.error(e.toString());
    		}
    		return fileStatics;
    	}
    }

自定义视图解析，配置freemarker的配置

package com.whwe.webdemo.config;
    
    import com.whwe.webdemo.json.FreemarkerStaticModels;
    import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurationFactory;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    @Configuration
    public class FreeMarkerConfig {
    
    
        @Bean
        public ViewResolver viewResolverFtl() {
            FreeMarkerViewResolver resolver = new FreeMarkerViewResolver();
            resolver.setCache(false);
            resolver.setViewClass(FreeMarkerView.class);
            resolver.setRequestContextAttribute("re");
            resolver.setExposeRequestAttributes(true);
            resolver.setExposeSessionAttributes(true);
            resolver.setSuffix(".ftl");
            resolver.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            resolver.setOrder(0);
    
            //添加自定义解析器
            resolver.setAttributesMap(new FreemarkerStaticModels(new HashMap<String, String>() {
       {
                put("Json", "com.whwe.webdemo.json.MyJson");
            }}));
            return resolver;
        }
    
    
    
        @Bean
        public FreeMarkerConfigurer freemarkerConfig() throws IOException, TemplateException {
            FreeMarkerConfigurationFactory factory = new FreeMarkerConfigurationFactory();
            factory.setTemplateLoaderPath("classpath:/view/");
            factory.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
            factory.setPreferFileSystemAccess(false);
            FreeMarkerConfigurer result = new FreeMarkerConfigurer();
            freemarker.template.Configuration configuration = factory.createConfiguration();
            configuration.setClassicCompatible(true);
            result.setConfiguration(configuration);
            Properties settings = new Properties();
            settings.put("template_update_delay", "0");
            settings.put("default_encoding", "UTF-8");
            settings.put("number_format", "0.######");
            settings.put("classic_compatible", true);
            settings.put("template_exception_handler", "ignore");
            result.setFreemarkerSettings(settings);
            return result;
        }
    
    }

### 3.5、添加测试页面 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

index.ftl

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>欢迎</title>
    </head>
    <#assign base=request.contextPath />
    <script src="${base}/js/jquery-3.4.0.min.js" type="text/javascript" ></script>
    <body>
    <div>
        <h1>欢迎！</h1>
    </div>
    
    
    <script>
    var user=${Json.toJson(user)};
    console.log(user)
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

## 测试 ##

新建测试controller

package com.whwe.webdemo.controller;
    
    import com.whwe.webdemo.bean.User;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    /**
     * @ClassName WebController
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author yueyiming
     * @Date 2019/4/19 10:12
     */
    @Controller
    public class WebController {
        @RequestMapping(value = "test")
        public String test(Model model) {
            User user=new User();
            user.setAge(11);
            user.setName("zhangsan");
            model.addAttribute("user",user);
            return "index";
        }
    }

package com.whwe.webdemo.bean;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    /**
     * @ClassName User
     * @Description TODO
     * @Author yueyiming
     * @Date 2019/4/19 14:31
     */
    @Data
    public class User {
        private String name;
        private int age;
    
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220217/a01054e7eadb493298ff1543f25f7883.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220217/8eda88e03fa64876b98d0afa038e90fb.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220217/c6e8a5dcb7be480ab4d6dc7d362acc84.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220217/2bda30dd42f14eaa8433b7fef8583900.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220217/ddcb1306d77b4e9aaea63214cd9c58bd.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220217/83cd5cccbc5c4b0f8ca901db2811304b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220217/87dbea7d93b948bebd883257815b0f31.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h6YXVfaXRkb2c_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20220217/66abf0edd2ef49e29319bc337b4057b3.png