django做一个注册登录界面

末蓝、 2022-02-23 03:46 602阅读 0赞

# 一、基于sb-admin模板完成以下登录的逻辑 #

用户想要访问一个网页，首先要求注册账号，有了账号之后再去登录，才能访问网站的主页

## 1.先说以下用户注册的逻辑： ##

form 表单保存数据到用户表

密码要加密

## 2.然后是登录界面 ##

form 表单提交数据和数据库数据校验

先校验用户是否存在

存在：校验密码

密码正确：登录成功

密码不正确  跳转到login登录  密码错误

不存在  跳转到login

成功：index首页

失败：login

# 二、实现的步骤 #

## 1、先打开你要创建的django项目，shift+右键 再此处打开命令窗口 ##

## 2、激活ancanda环境 ##

activate DjangoPath

## 3、创建django项目 ##

django-admin startproject OAProject

## 4、创建app ##

切换到当前创建的项目目录下

python manage.py startapp OAProject

![20190403194355296.png][]

## 5、在pycharm中打开django项目，配置环境 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

## 6.新建文件，搭好项目结构 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 7.数据库建模 ##

models.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 8.settings.py配置 ##

配置id

![20190403200317312.png][]

配置app

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

配置templates路径

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

配置语言，时区

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

配置state路径

![20190403200806974.png][]

## 9.数据库同步 ##

python manage.py check     django校验

python manage.py makemigrations    数据库语句生成

python manges.py migrate    数据库同步

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

## 10.测试一下index.html网站主页 ##

views.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

urls.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

因为此时，除了html的文件都被我们移动到了static下面，所以此时的路径都得变，在html的开头加载上static

{% load static %}

![2019040320273478.png][]

类似于这样的也都要加上static标签

运行服务器：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

## 11.注册界面 ##

前端界面同样要加载static,  \{% load static %\}

其他路径变了的都加上\{% static '  ' %\}

表单的method是post，记得要写\{% csrf\_token %\}

![20190403203858412.png][]

因为数据库只有三个字段，用户名，邮箱，密码，所以表单就写三个就行

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

views.py  register

注册的时候，在前端输入密码，经过加密之后保存到数据库中

import hashlib
     
    def setPassword(password):
        """
        加密密码，算法单次md5
        :param apssword: 传入的密码
        :return: 加密后的密码
        """
        md5 = hashlib.md5()
        md5.update(password.encode())
        password = md5.hexdigest()
        return str(password)
    
    
    from django.shortcuts import render
    from OAUser.models import OAUser
    from django.shortcuts import HttpResponseRedirect
     
    def register(request):
        if request.method=="POST" and request.POST:
            data=request.POST
            username=data.get("username")
            email=data.get("email")
            password=data.get("password")
            OAUser.objects.create(
                username=username,
                email=email,
                password=setPassword(password),
            )
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/login/')
        return render(request,"register.html")

urls.py

path('register/',register),
    path('login/',login),

启动服务器：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

## 12.登录界面  login ##

前端界面同样要加载static,  \{% load static %\}

其他路径变了的都加上\{% static '  ' %\}

表单的method是post，记得要写\{% csrf\_token %\}

views.py

def login(request):
        if request.method == 'POST' and request.POST:
            email = request.POST.get("email")
            password = request.POST.get("password")
            e = OAUser.objects.filter(email=email).first()
            if e:
                now_password = setPassword(password)
                db_password = e.password
                if now_password == db_password:
                    response = HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')
                    response.set_cookie("username", e.username)
                    return response
     
        return render(request, "login.html")

urls.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

启动服务器运行

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

输入邮箱，密码，点击登录，如果邮箱，密码正确，就会进入登录

## 13.登出界面（退出登录）logout ##

点击退出界面，就会进入登录界面

views.py

def logout(request):
        response=HttpResponseRedirect('/login/')
        response.delete_cookie("username")
        return response

urls.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

12.限制登录，只有登录的用户才能访问网站主页

views.py

使用装饰器

def userValid(fun):
        def inner(request,*args,**kwargs):
            username=request.COOKIES.get("username")
            if username:
                return fun(request,*args,**kwargs)
            else:
                return HttpResponseRedirect('/login/')
        return inner
     
    @userValid
     
    def index(request):
        return render(request, "index.html")

启动服务器

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

[20190403194355296.png]: /images/20220223/11a9015d05f446f6a3901c9608a38383.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220223/73f9abe5d99447d6aa66a02385b523a6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220223/b99e83c562f9432bb45097f8cb19bda7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220223/08d16aa864cc476f98654a5c3d0a87ab.png
[20190403200317312.png]: /images/20220223/0dde3a6d2c7441398e93b08f5cf90fe9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220223/3380180093f447e18d01f8f9aa7bf3ba.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220223/b44be7a2289145d3be348f5987a0d7eb.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220223/81fd8139742f4dd39d70a0f2688626ab.png
[20190403200806974.png]: /images/20220223/3daae603e33c44748a252bfaf37ea0c9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20220223/74796459cbbb4a028af00262a66d0e9c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20220223/d0d70707989240538495b00503e6f64f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20220223/cc65cba604594825be872e5a785fa54c.png
[2019040320273478.png]: /images/20220223/242762566c114488b989477cd69fbb31.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20220223/fef3b4c02af244dd9fac7e506f3cef58.png
[20190403203858412.png]: /images/20220223/937fa95a11e14c77a6df5d6c8b4dec7f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20220223/ccf0404bfe324684b15e8b7fe670936d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20220223/f2c742db941e471e95e8e683a13a408a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20220223/1d873c6f41524c118ad72cbcc45ac821.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20220223/37175ecca00e483d93c7ef5b9bcdf3d0.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20220223/478d3eeec80543929189749b5b426811.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dfb3B0aW1pc3RpYw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20220223/370c8242b0544ef398a0d31839d6726d.png