搭建springcloud的demo之Ribbon负载均衡基本配置(四)

一时失言乱红尘 2022-03-10 10:44 127阅读 0赞

\*\*\*\*Spring Cloud Ribbon**是基于Netfilx Ribbon实现的一套客户端的负载均衡的工具;**

springcloud的负载均衡算法可以自定义;  
集中式LB(偏硬件):即在服务的消费方和提供方之间使用的LB设施(可以是硬件,如F5,也可以是软件,如nginx)由该设施负责把访问请求通过某种策略发至服务的提供方;  
进程内LB(偏软件):将LB逻辑集成到消费方,消费方从服务注册中心获知有哪些地址可用,然后自己再从这些地址中选择出一个合适的服务器;  
Ribbon就属于进程内LB,她只是一个类库,继承于消费方进程,消费方通过它来获取到服务提供方的地址;

## Ribbon的初步配置 ##

**修改microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80工程**  
**修改pom.xml**  
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>com.yt.springcloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </parent>
      
      <artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
      <description>部门微服务消费者</description>
      
      <dependencies>
      
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>com.yt.springcloud</groupId>
      		<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
      		<version>${project.version}</version>
      	</dependency>
      	
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	
      	 
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      		<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      		<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	
      		
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	<dependency>
      		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
      	</dependency>
      	
      </dependencies>
      
      
      
    </project>

**修改application.yml 追加eureka的服务注册地址**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

server :
       port: 80
       
       
    eureka:
       client:
         register-with-eureka: false
         service-url:
           defaultZone: http//:eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

**对ConfigBean进行新注解@LoadBalanced 获得Rest时加入Ribbon的配置**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

package com.yt.springcloud.cfgbeans;
    
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    @Configuration//其实就是ApplicationContext.xml
    public class ConfigBean {
    	
    	/**
    	 * RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法
    	 * 是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@Bean
    	@LoadBalanced//ribbon是客户端的负载均衡工具,所以在rest去访问微服务的时候,自带负载均衡,这个注解是开启ribbon负载均衡的
    	public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
    		return new RestTemplate();
    	}
    
    }

**主启动类DeptConsumer80\_App添加@EnableEurekaClient**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

package com.yt.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    public class DeptConsumer80_App {
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
    	}
    
    }

**修改DeptController\_Consumer客户端访问类**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

package com.yt.springcloud.controller;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import com.yt.springcloud.entity.Dept;
    
    @RestController
    public class DeptController_consumer {
    	
    	//private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX="http://localhost:8001";
    	private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX="http://MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT";//改成微服务的服务名称
    	
    	/**
    	 * 使用RestTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑
    	 * (url,requestMap,ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
    	 * REST请求地址,请求参数,HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型
    	 */
    	@Autowired
    	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
    	public boolean add(Dept dept) {
    		return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, boolean.class);
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
    	}
    	
    	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
    	public List<Dept> list(Dept dept) {
    		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/discovery")
    	public Object discovery(Dept dept) {
    		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/discovery", Object.class);
    	}
    
    }

**先启动3个eureka集群后,再启动micros-provider-dept-8001并注册进eureka**  
**启动microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80**  
**自测:[http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/1][http_localhost_consumer_dept_get_1]**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

## 总结 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

翻译于尚硅谷周阳老师:[https://www.bilibili.com/video/av22613028?from=search&seid=11377756339718254280][https_www.bilibili.com_video_av22613028_from_search_seid_11377756339718254280]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220310/b06a055c407646fd9e95a44e00ec8743.png
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[http_localhost_consumer_dept_get_1]: http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/1
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1YW50aW5nXw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20220310/8fe44cdc002e4540a735c00c05ddd6c6.png
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[https_www.bilibili.com_video_av22613028_from_search_seid_11377756339718254280]: https://www.bilibili.com/video/av22613028?from=search&seid=11377756339718254280