springboot中接口统一返回协议体定义

傷城~ 2022-03-17 07:16 346阅读 0赞

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在日常接口开发中，通常涉及到与不同的终端进行交互，此时需要设计一个合适的接口协议体，以方便统一交互。接下来以在springboot中应用为例，来给出协议体定义案例。

## 返回协议体定义 ##

这里给出的接口统一返回协议体涉及实体和MAP两种形式，下面直接贴上协议体的代码。

### 实体response ###

package com.lazycece.sbac.response.response;
    
    import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
    
    /** * define the common response body * * @author lazycece */
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public class ResponseData<T> { 
    
        /** * the response code */
        private Integer status;
        /** * the response message */
        private String message;
        /** * the response body */
        private T body;
    
        /** * define success response data by default code and message, but no body * * @return response */
        public static ResponseData success() { 
            return new ResponseData<>(ResponseCode.SUCCESS, ResponseMsg.SUCCESS, null);
        }
    
        /** * define success response data by default code and message, the body is flexible * * @param body body * @param <T> T * @return response */
        public static <T> ResponseData<T> success(T body) { 
            return new ResponseData<>(ResponseCode.SUCCESS, ResponseMsg.SUCCESS, body);
        }
    
        /** * define the fail response by default code and message * * @return response */
        public static ResponseData fail() { 
            return new ResponseData<>(ResponseCode.FAIL, ResponseMsg.FAIL, null);
        }
    
        /** * define the fail response by default code, and the message is flexible * * @param message fail message * @return response */
        public static ResponseData fail(String message) { 
            return new ResponseData<>(ResponseCode.FAIL, message, null);
        }
    
        /** * define the fail response, the code and message both flexible * * @param status code * @param message message * @return response */
        public static ResponseData fail(Integer status, String message) { 
            return new ResponseData<>(status, message, null);
        }
    }

### MAP形式response ###

package com.lazycece.sbac.response.response;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    
    /** * @author lazycece */
    public class ResponseMap extends HashMap<String, Object> { 
    
        private ResponseMap(Integer status, String message) { 
            this.put("status", status);
            this.put("message", message);
        }
    
        /** * define success response map on default code and message * * @return this */
        public static ResponseMap success() { 
            return new ResponseMap(ResponseCode.SUCCESS, ResponseMsg.SUCCESS);
        }
    
        /** * define fail response map on default code and message * * @return this */
        public static ResponseMap fail() { 
            return new ResponseMap(ResponseCode.FAIL, ResponseMsg.FAIL);
        }
    
        /** * define fail response map on default code * * @param message "" * @return this */
        public static ResponseMap fail(String message) { 
            return new ResponseMap(ResponseCode.FAIL, message);
        }
    
        /** * define fail response map * * @param status "" * @param message "" * @return this */
        public static ResponseMap fail(Integer status, String message) { 
            return new ResponseMap(status, message);
        }
    
        /** * @param key key * @param value value * @return this */
        public ResponseMap putting(String key, Object value) { 
            this.put(key, value);
            return this;
        }
    }

### message和code ###

public interface ResponseMsg { 
    
        String SUCCESS = "success";
        String FAIL = "fail";
    }
    
    public interface ResponseCode { 
    
        Integer SUCCESS = 200;
        Integer FAIL = 800;
    }

## 使用案例 ##

这里给出一个简单的使用案例：接口中直接返回一个用户实体。分别以两种返回协议体进行展现，这里只使用一个success方法。

下面直接贴上代码：

### controller ###

package com.lazycece.sbac.response.controller;
    
    import com.lazycece.sbac.response.entity.User;
    import com.lazycece.sbac.response.response.ResponseData;
    import com.lazycece.sbac.response.response.ResponseMap;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /** * @author lazycece * @date 2019/02/22 */
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/response")
    public class ResponseController { 
    
        @GetMapping("/data/user/info")
        public ResponseData getDataJson() { 
            return ResponseData.success(getUserInfo());
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/map/user/info")
        public ResponseMap getMapJson() { 
            return ResponseMap.success().putting("data", getUserInfo());
        }
    
        private User getUserInfo() { 
            User user = new User();
            user.setId("sfjsoop1jsjisf_1");
            user.setUsername("lazycece");
            user.setName("W");
            user.setAge(200);
            return user;
        }
    }

### entity ###

package com.lazycece.sbac.response.entity;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /** * @author lazycece * @date 2019/02/22 */
    @Data
    public class User { 
    
        private String id;
        private String username;
        private String name;
        private Integer age;
        private Date createTime = new Date();
        private Date updateTime = new Date();
    }

### Junit test ###

package com.lazycece.sbac.response;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    /** * @author lazycece * @date 2019/02/22 */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @WebMvcTest
    public class ResponseControllerTest { 
    
        @Resource
        private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
        @Test
        public void testGetDataJson() throws Exception { 
            MvcResult response = this.mockMvc
                    .perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/response/data/user/info"))
                    .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                    .andReturn();
            System.out.println(response.getResponse().getContentAsString());
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testGetMapJson() throws Exception { 
            MvcResult response = this.mockMvc
                    .perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/response/map/user/info"))
                    .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                    .andReturn();
            System.out.println(response.getResponse().getContentAsString());
        }
    }

请求返回结果如下：

{ "data":{ "id":"sfjsoop1jsjisf_1","username":"lazycece","name":"W","age":200,"createTime":"2019-02-22T13:12:45.877+0000","updateTime":"2019-02-22T13:12:45.877+0000"},"message":"success","status":200}

## 案例源码 ##

案例源码地址：[https://github.com/lazycece/springboot-actual-combat/tree/master/springboot-ac-response][https_github.com_lazycece_springboot-actual-combat_tree_master_springboot-ac-response]

[Link 1]: https://lazycece.github.io/2019/02/22/springboot%E4%B8%AD%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E4%BD%93%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89/
[https_github.com_lazycece_springboot-actual-combat_tree_master_springboot-ac-response]: https://github.com/lazycece/springboot-actual-combat/tree/master/springboot-ac-response