Python环境搭建及开发工具

超、凢脫俗 2022-03-19 11:40 430阅读 0赞

因为Python是跨平台的，它可以运行在Windows、Mac和各种Linux/Unix系统上。在Windows上写Python程序，放到Linux上也是能够运行的。

要开始学习Python编程，首先就得把Python安装到你的电脑里。安装后，你会得到Python解释器（就是负责运行Python程序的），一个命令行交互环境，还有一个简单的集成开发环境。

### 在Windows上安装Python ###

首先，根据你的Windows版本（64位还是32位）从Python的官方网站下载Python 3.7对应的[64位安装程序][64]或[32位安装程序][32]（网速慢的同学请移步[国内镜像][Link 1]），然后，运行下载的EXE安装包：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hhb3hpbjk2Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

特别要注意勾上`Add Python 3.7 to PATH`，然后点“Install Now”即可完成安装。

### 运行Python ###

安装成功后，打开命令提示符窗口，敲入python后，

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hhb3hpbjk2Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

看到上面的画面，就说明Python安装成功！

你看到提示符`>>>`就表示我们已经在Python交互式环境中了，可以输入任何Python代码，回车后会立刻得到执行结果。现在，输入`exit()`并回车，就可以退出Python交互式环境（直接关掉命令行窗口也可以）。

如果出现：

‘python’ 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。

这是因为Windows会根据一个`Path`的环境变量设定的路径去查找`python.exe`，如果没找到，就会报错。如果在安装时漏掉了勾选`Add Python 3.7 to PATH`，那就要手动把`python.exe`所在的路径添加到Path中。

如果你不知道怎么修改环境变量，建议把Python安装程序重新运行一遍，务必记得勾上`Add Python 3.7 to PATH`。

### IDE推荐：PyCharm ###

pycharm是一种Python IDE，能够帮助我们在编写代码时提高效率。 网上提供的有专业版和教育版之分。

下载地址：http://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm

再提供一个专业版的注册码，但不保证所有人都能使用

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[64]: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/python-3.7.0-amd64.exe
[32]: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/python-3.7.0.exe
[Link 1]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kU5OCOB#list/path=%2Fpub%2Fpython
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hhb3hpbjk2Mw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220319/530282a13e424076a027dc5ee36cd0dc.png