linux中指令实例操作2

亦凉 2022-03-29 18:47 227阅读 0赞

top指令用来查看动态显示运行中的进行。

\+M 查看内存使用量来排序![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

\+P根据CPU占有率来排序

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

ps指令查看进行的详细情况。

\-a 显示终端的所有进程、包括其他用户的进程。

\-u 显示进程的详细状态

\-x 显示正在运行的进程

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

例：查看进程中tail打开文档的进程，

\[root@localhost ~\]\# tail -f install.log  
Installing iwl3945-firmware-15.32.2.9-4.el6.noarch  
Installing ql2200-firmware-2.02.08-3.1.el6.noarch  
Installing rt73usb-firmware-1.8-7.el6.noarch

...

\[root@localhost ~\]\# ps -aux | grep tail  
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ  
root      2492  0.0  0.0 100944   616 pts/0    S+   13:07   0:00 tail -f install.log  
root      3150  0.0  0.0 100944   612 pts/5    S+   13:27   0:00 tail -f install.log  
root      3183  0.0  0.0 103256   848 pts/6    S+   13:28   0:00 grep tail

kill和killall的使用：终止进程操作

\[root@localhost ~\]\# kill -9 2492  
\[root@localhost ~\]\# ps -aux | grep tail  
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ  
root      3150  0.0  0.0 100944   612 pts/5    S+   13:27   0:00 tail -f install.log  
root      3189  0.0  0.0 103252   844 pts/6    S+   13:29   0:00 grep tail  
\[root@localhost ~\]\# kill -9 3150  
\[root@localhost ~\]\# ps -aux | grep tail  
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ  
root      3193  0.0  0.0 103252   844 pts/6    S+   13:30   0:00 grep tail

结果：

![20190111092950924.png][]

du:用于统计目录或文件所占磁盘空间的大小，与df类似，du更侧重磁盘的使用情况。

\-a:地柜显示目录中各个文件占用的数据块

\-s:显示指定文件或目录的占用模块

\-b:显示以字节为单位磁盘占用情况

\[root@localhost ~\]\# du -a python/  
4    python/mysqlupdate.py  
4    python/mysql.sh  
4    python/mysqlsocket.py  
4    python/pythontest/text25  
4    python/pythontest/text21  
4    python/pythontest/text1  
4    python/pythontest/text23  
4    python/pythontest/text8  
4    python/pythontest/text14.1  
4    python/pythontest/text11  
4    python/pythontest/text3  
4    python/pythontest/text12  
4    python/pythontest/text24  
4    python/pythontest/text4  
4    python/pythontest/text6.1  
4    python/pythontest/text6.2  
4    python/pythontest/text19  
4    python/pythontest/text6  
4    python/pythontest/text22  
4    python/pythontest/text10  
4    python/pythontest/text16  
4    python/pythontest/text5  
4    python/pythontest/text17-for  
4    python/pythontest/text2  
4    python/pythontest/text27  
4    python/pythontest/text15  
4    python/pythontest/text13  
4    python/pythontest/text7  
4    python/pythontest/text25.1  
4    python/pythontest/text9  
4    python/pythontest/text20  
4    python/pythontest/text18  
4    python/pythontest/pythonsmtp  
4    python/pythontest/text26  
4    python/pythontest/text14  
4    python/pythontest/text17  
136    python/pythontest

\[root@localhost ~\]\# du -b python/  
13792    python/pythontest  
7061    python/mysqlback  
45960    python/.

reboot,shutdown,init 关机的指令

reboot:重启计算机、shutdown:关闭机器（扩展：热拔插和冷拔插：前者指机器不断电源保持系统在线，设备接入能识别；后者指设备接入后，需要关闭机子，断开电源后才能识别。）init:init 指令关机，这里主要用0,剩下指令用man来看吧。

![20190111093725474.png][]

![20190111093852906.png][]

![2019011109390473.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

df:检查磁盘空间

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

df命令用于检测文件系统的磁盘空间占用和剩余情况，还可以系统中磁盘和节点的情况。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

ifconfig :查看网卡的信息。

（ifconfig eth0 down:关闭网卡；开启是另一个up单词）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

ping:测试远程主机连接性

![20190111095310901.png][]

\-c 参数使用情况。（扩展：记得加servername的名字到/etc/resolv.conf中）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

netstat -ntpl:查看网络情况；（经常后面管道接着grep，find使用）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

查询找到 SSH打开的网络接口。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

tar ：将文档压缩指令。

将python文件中所有文件压缩成为python\_backup.tar.gz

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

将文件解压

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lpMjQ3NjMwNjc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

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[20190111092950924.png]: /images/20220328/125bd2b611034f2d94bfdeff52bbf3e7.png
[20190111093725474.png]: /images/20220328/dc5255db1de947279468d726c572c887.png
[20190111093852906.png]: /images/20220328/6885ff6493f345009fa81e83a1c51746.png
[2019011109390473.png]: /images/20220328/684fefa1094a43b69d883dd231452ce8.png
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[20190111095310901.png]: /images/20220328/63b01b5a35044bb9873b08b80a839b66.png
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