初试linux编译（ubuntu+vim）+玩转智能蛇

Love The Way You Lie 2022-04-08 08:45 233阅读 0赞

# 一.初试linux编译（ubuntu+vim） #

步骤：  
①下载vmware15+ubuntu桌面版映像  
②安装ubuntu  
③下载vim+gcc  
在ubuntu终端输入：

sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
    sudo apt-get install gcc

④安装完毕后进行编译测试  
1）新建helloworld.c

> vim helloworld.c  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

2）进入界面按 i 即可输入代码  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

3）按ESC再按ZZ（大写）即可保存并退出

4）再在终端输入以下代码进行编译

> gcc helloworld.c

5）输入以下代码运行

> ./a.out

![在这里插入图片描述][20181207133220420.PNG]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20181207133232311.PNG]

# 二.运行sin-demo（一个好玩的正弦函数动态展示） #

![在这里插入图片描述][20181207133518426.gif]

# 三.简单贪吃蛇(字符版)——不可使用getch（）和清屏等操作 #

①程序头部(生成初始地图 礼物 蛇)  
程序实现思想已经在我的注释里面啦~~  
我想大家应该能很快理解的

/* snake_move.c 2018.11.30 Created by sysu-18342026 Use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) to move and eat the gold. Be careful not to hit yourseld as well as the wall(*)! Happy playing! */
    
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <time.h>
    
    #define SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH 10
    #define SNAKE_HEAD 'H'
    #define SNAKE_BODY 'X'
    #define BLANK_CELL ' '
    #define SNAKE_FOOD '$'
    #define WALL_CELL '*'
    
    //output the initial map,food and snake.
    void output();
    void creatrandomfood();
    
    //use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
    void snakemove();
    
    //When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,the game will be over.
    int gameover();
    
    
    //the begining
    char map[12][12] = { 
    
    					"***********",
        				"*XXXXH *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"***********",
    					
    					};
    
    //the initial position and length 
    int snake_length = 5;
    int snake_x[SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH] = { 5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
    int snake_y[SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
    int food_x;
    int food_y;

②让蛇动起来  
先参考TA的伪代码如下  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

再简单地转成c语言（实际上磕磕绊绊弄了好久，哭了~~）

/* snake_eat.c 2018.11.30 Created by sysu-18342026 Use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) to move and eat the gold. Be careful not to hit yourseld as well as the wall(*)! Happy playing! */
    
    int main() { 
    	
    	output();				//output the initial map and snake.
        creatrandomfood();		//output the random food.
        
        char direction;
        int flag=1;
        
        while (flag==1) { 
        	
            scanf(" %c", &direction);		//input the moving direction
            
            snakemove();					//use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
            
            if (direction == 'w') { 
                snake_y[0] -= 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 's') { 
                snake_y[0] += 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 'a') { 
                snake_x[0] -= 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 'd') { 
                snake_x[0] += 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (snake_x[0] == food_x && snake_y[0] == food_y) { 
                creatrandomfood();
                
                snake_length++;
                
                snake_x[snake_length - 1] = snake_x[snake_length - 2];
                snake_y[snake_length - 1] = snake_y[snake_length - 2];
                
                map[snake_y[snake_length - 1]][snake_x[snake_length - 1]] = SNAKE_BODY;
            }
            
            if (gameover()!=1) { 			//When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,
                                            //the game will be over.
    
                printf("GAMEOVER!\n\nTHANKS FOR PLAYING!\n");
                flag=0;
            } 
    		
    		else { 
                output();
            }
        }
        
        return 0;
    }
    
    
    
    //output the initial map and snake.
    void output() { 
    	int i,j;
    	
        for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 
        	
            for (j = 0; j <= 11; j++) { 
                printf("%c", map[i][j]);
            }
            	printf("\n");
        }
    }
    
    //output the random food.
    void creatrandomfood() { 
        srand((unsigned)(time(NULL)));
        
        food_x = rand() % 7;
        food_y = rand() % 7;
        
        while (map[food_y][food_x] != BLANK_CELL) { 
            food_x = rand() % 7;
            food_y = rand() % 7;
            
        }
        map[food_y][food_x] = SNAKE_FOOD ;
    }
    
    //use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
    void snakemove() { 
        int i;
        
        map[snake_y[snake_length - 1]][snake_x[snake_length - 1]] = BLANK_CELL;
        
        for (i = snake_length - 1; i > 0; i--) { 
            snake_x[i] = snake_x[i - 1];
            snake_y[i] = snake_y[i - 1];
            map[snake_y[i]][snake_x[i]] = SNAKE_BODY;
        }
    }
    
    
    //When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,the game will be over.
    int gameover() { 
    	int i; 
    	
        if (snake_x[0] == SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH || snake_x[0] == 0) { 
            return 0;
        }
        
        if (snake_y[0] == SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH || snake_y[0] == 0) { 
            return 0;
        }
        
        for (i = 1; i < snake_length; i++) { 
            if (snake_x[0] == snake_x[i] && snake_y[0] == snake_y[i]) { 
                return 0;
            }
        }
        
        return 1;
    }

③简单的贪吃蛇的效果图（由于不能用getch（）函数，所以比较简陋= =）  
![在这里插入图片描述][20181207134625439.gif]

④在ubuntu内运行效果图（感觉linux中运行得流畅很多啊！！！）  
![在这里插入图片描述][20181207135715508.gif]

⑤用kbhit（）函数进一步完善（丑陋的）贪吃蛇——不需要自己按回车了！！

> 注：需要在linux运行才行  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][2018120718251151.gif]

#include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <time.h>
    
    #define SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH 10
    #define SNAKE_HEAD 'H'
    #define SNAKE_BODY 'X'
    #define BLANK_CELL ' '
    #define SNAKE_FOOD '$'
    #define WALL_CELL '*'
    
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/time.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <termios.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    
    //output the initial map,food and snake.
    void output();
    void creatrandomfood();
    
    //use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
    void snakemove();
    
    //When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,the game will be over.
    int gameover();
    
    static struct termios ori_attr, cur_attr;
    
    static __inline 
    int tty_reset(void)
    { 
            if (tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ori_attr) != 0)
                    return -1;
    
            return 0;
    }
    
    
    static __inline
    int tty_set(void)
    { 
            
            if ( tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &ori_attr) )
                    return -1;
            
            memcpy(&cur_attr, &ori_attr, sizeof(cur_attr) );
            cur_attr.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
    // cur_attr.c_lflag |= ECHO;
            cur_attr.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;
            cur_attr.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
            cur_attr.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
    
            if (tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &cur_attr) != 0)
                    return -1;
    
            return 0;
    }
    
    static __inline
    int kbhit(void) 
    { 
                       
            fd_set rfds;
            struct timeval tv;
            int retval;
    
            /* Watch stdin (fd 0) to see when it has input. */
            FD_ZERO(&rfds);
            FD_SET(0, &rfds);
            /* Wait up to five seconds. */
            tv.tv_sec  = 0;
            tv.tv_usec = 0;
    
            retval = select(1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
            /* Don't rely on the value of tv now! */
    
            if (retval == -1) { 
                    perror("select()");
                    return 0;
            } else if (retval)
                    return 1;
            /* FD_ISSET(0, &rfds) will be true. */
            else
                    return 0;
            return 0;
    }
    
    //将你的 snake 代码放在这里
    char map[12][12] = { 
    					"***********",
        				"*XXXXH *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"* *",
        				"***********",
    					};
    
    //the initial position and length 
    int snake_length = 5;
    int snake_x[SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH] = { 5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
    int snake_y[SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
    int food_x;
    int food_y;
    
    
    int main()
    { 
            //设置终端进入非缓冲状态
            int tty_set_flag;
            tty_set_flag = tty_set();
    
            //将你的 snake 代码放在这里
            output();				//output the initial map and snake.
        creatrandomfood();		//output the random food.
        
        char direction;
        int flag=1;
        
        while (flag==1) { 
        	
            scanf(" %c", &direction);		//input the moving direction
            
            snakemove();					//use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
            
            if (direction == 'w') { 
                snake_y[0] -= 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 's') { 
                snake_y[0] += 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 'a') { 
                snake_x[0] -= 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (direction == 'd') { 
                snake_x[0] += 1;
                map[snake_y[0]][snake_x[0]] = SNAKE_HEAD;
            }
            
            if (snake_x[0] == food_x && snake_y[0] == food_y) { 
                creatrandomfood();
                
                snake_length++;
                
                snake_x[snake_length - 1] = snake_x[snake_length - 2];
                snake_y[snake_length - 1] = snake_y[snake_length - 2];
                
                map[snake_y[snake_length - 1]][snake_x[snake_length - 1]] = SNAKE_BODY;
            }
            
            if (gameover()!=1) { 								//When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,the game will be over.
    
                printf("GAMEOVER!\n\nTHANKS FOR PLAYING!\n");
                flag=0;
            } 
    		
    		else { 
                output();
            }
        }
            
            printf("pressed `q` to quit!\n");
            while(1) { 
    
                    if( kbhit() ) { 
                            const int key = getchar();
                            printf("%c pressed\n", key);
                            if(key == 'q')
                                    break;
                    } else { 
                           ;// fprintf(stderr, "<no key detected>\n");
                    }
            }
    
            //恢复终端设置
            if(tty_set_flag == 0) 
                    tty_reset();
            return 0;
    }
    
    //output the initial map and snake.
    void output() { 
    	int i,j;
    	
        for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 
        	
            for (j = 0; j <= 11; j++) { 
                printf("%c", map[i][j]);
            }
            	printf("\n");
        }
    }
    
    //output the random food.
    void creatrandomfood() { 
        srand((unsigned)(time(NULL)));
        
        food_x = rand() % 7;
        food_y = rand() % 7;
        
        while (map[food_y][food_x] != BLANK_CELL) { 
            food_x = rand() % 7;
            food_y = rand() % 7;
            
        }
        map[food_y][food_x] = SNAKE_FOOD ;
    }
    
    //use 'w'(up),'s'(down),'a'(left),'d'(right) and 'Enter' to move.
    void snakemove() { 
        int i;
        
        map[snake_y[snake_length - 1]][snake_x[snake_length - 1]] = BLANK_CELL;
        
        for (i = snake_length - 1; i > 0; i--) { 
            snake_x[i] = snake_x[i - 1];
            snake_y[i] = snake_y[i - 1];
            map[snake_y[i]][snake_x[i]] = SNAKE_BODY;
        }
    }
    
    
    //When the snake hits itself or hits the wall,the game will be over.
    int gameover() { 
    	int i; 
    	
        if (snake_x[0] == SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH || snake_x[0] == 0) { 
            return 0;
        }
        
        if (snake_y[0] == SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH || snake_y[0] == 0) { 
            return 0;
        }
        
        for (i = 1; i < snake_length; i++) { 
            if (snake_x[0] == snake_x[i] && snake_y[0] == snake_y[i]) { 
                return 0;
            }
        }
        
        return 1;
    }

四.玩转智能蛇

①伪代码  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

②实现程序（这一步坑略多，以为可以直接在之前的贪吃蛇加一个函数，不过把自己搞崩了= =）  
1）障碍效果  
![在这里插入图片描述][20181208100002723.gif]

2）自动吃  
![在这里插入图片描述][20181208100327147.gif]

3）思考：一个长度为5的障碍物能困死该自动跑的蛇吗？  
答：我认为不会困死，设置了最大长度以及最优路线，应该不会困死的。

--------------------

终于做完了贪吃蛇的学习总结！！！  
前前后后踩了很多很多坑，但也学习到了很多东西，这种感觉很充实~~  
虽然我的智能蛇还是很（zhizhang）= =  
但是它还丑啊（逃）

--------------------

本次博客到此结束，希望大家也能收获这份乐趣♂

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220407/6a94bfb060e34a1cb001ca662c4bff6b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220407/cf12ee5960c14c108a8d1216301d47f6.png
[20181207133220420.PNG]: /images/20220407/cdc246dc129e442da2f8dfed76ab0af8.png
[20181207133232311.PNG]: /images/20220407/15c191917d1f40bc81a3675af5476f76.png
[20181207133518426.gif]: /images/20220407/54ff72e6246d4d46917596fb9dae91cd.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220407/b9c0f095a2904b31ab6ecd4cf011f0dd.png
[20181207134625439.gif]: /images/20220407/689b5c790bab4e7b83f91fb4e7270466.png
[20181207135715508.gif]: /images/20220407/8c707792866743aaa9d3a80d2c96f117.png
[2018120718251151.gif]: /images/20220407/9e169972a5824c48bb3101c537095856.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjQ3OTA5Mg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220407/82be2096368c4ed798c6ca4786a130d4.png
[20181208100002723.gif]: /images/20220407/c5e09e5c5dd74a37a8df7d5164f75bcd.png
[20181208100327147.gif]: /images/20220407/6c670076071a4419bc400af57111cbb4.png