spring事务管理之三：声明式事务管理：使用xml配置文件的方式

迷南。 2022-04-08 14:21 349阅读 0赞

这种方式是开发中常见的一种方式：利用aop的思想，将需要事务管理的业务方法通过xml配置的方式，将事务管理加在该类的相关方法上。这种方法的优点是，一次xml配置，后期不用关心业务类增加或者减少，通过xml中配置的匹配信息，会去找业务类所在的包和方法，然后加上事务。

重点是配置<tx:advice>和<aop:config>上。

沿用spring事务管理之前的工程：

pom.xml依赖部分

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
          	<groupId>junit</groupId>
          	<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          	<version>4.12</version>
          	<scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        	<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        	<version>1.8.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        	<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        	<version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        	<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        	<version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        	<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        	<version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        	<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        	<version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
        	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        	<version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>

这里为了使用spring-aop，需要额外引入aspectjweaver的包。

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///shop?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false
    jdbc.username=hadoop
    jdbc.password=hadoop

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
        <bean id="dataSource" 
           class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
           <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
           <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
           <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
           <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="accountDao" class="com.xxx.springtransaction.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="accountService" 
            class="com.xxx.springtransaction.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
            <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
        </bean>
        <bean id="transactionManager" 
            class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        </bean>
        
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        	<tx:attributes>
        		<tx:method name="transfer" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        	</tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
        <aop:config>
        	<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.xxx.springtransaction.service..*(..))"
               id="pointcut"/>
        	<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
        </aop:config>
    </beans>

AccountDao.java

package com.xxx.springtransaction.dao;
    
    public interface AccountDao {
    	public void transferIn(String id,Double money);
    	public void transferOut(String id,Double money);
    	public Double findById(String id);
    }

AccountDaoImpl.java

package com.xxx.springtransaction.dao.impl;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
    import com.xxx.springtransaction.dao.AccountDao;
    public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao {	
    
    	@Override
    	public void transferIn(String id, Double money) {
    		String sql = "update account set money = money + ? where id = ?";
    		getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money,id);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void transferOut(String id, Double money) {
    		String sql = "update account set money = money - ? where id = ?";
    		getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money,id);
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	public Double findById(String id){
    		return null;
    	}
    
    }

AccountService.java

package com.xxx.springtransaction.service;
    
    public interface AccountService {
    	public void transfer(String out,String in,Double money);
    	public Double findById(String id);
    }

AccountServiceImpl.java

package com.xxx.springtransaction.service.impl;
    import com.xxx.springtransaction.dao.AccountDao;
    import com.xxx.springtransaction.service.AccountService;
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
    	private AccountDao accountDao;
    	public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
    		this.accountDao = accountDao;
    	}
    	@Override
    	public void transfer(String out, String in, Double money) {	
    		accountDao.transferOut(out, money);
    		//int i = 1/0;
    		//System.out.println(i);
    		accountDao.transferIn(in, money);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public Double findById(String id){
    		return accountDao.findById(id);
    	}
    
    }

单元测试类：SpringTransactionTest.java

package com.xxx.springtransaction;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import com.xxx.springtransaction.service.AccountService;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
    public class SpringTransactionTest {
    	@Resource
    	private AccountService accountService;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void demo1(){
    		accountService.transfer("1", "2", 200d);
    	}
    }

aspectj+xml配置事务的重点在于配置切点：

![20181221155922978.png][]

测试事务生效的方法：

1、在xml配置文件中，将配置事务的部分注释，不使用事务，业务方法中，将会导致异常的代码注释，正常转账。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZlaW5pZmk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

// int i = 10;

//System.out.println(i);

aaa向bbb转账200元，会成功，此时aaa账户变为800元，bbb的账户变为1200元。

2、将业务代码中异常的部分注释打开，再次转账。aaa给bbb转账200，因为异常，aaa的账户变为600元，而bbb的账户还是1200，钱转丢了。

3、将spring.xml中关于事务部分的配置去掉注释，让事务生效，然后接着转账。aaa向bbb转账200元，这时候，因为异常会回滚。这时候aaa的账户还是600元，bbb的账户还是1200元，证明事务生效了。

[20181221155922978.png]: /images/20220404/d4ebf168e64049a19b954482d4a9fa71.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZlaW5pZmk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220404/f4ea8b8b0f94401895feeb806b3768da.png