spring data JPA的写法以及如何测试

快来打我* 2022-04-12 08:40 176阅读 0赞

1。 pom 导入测试要用到的包

<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    			<artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    			<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.github.springtestdbunit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-test-dbunit</artifactId>
    			<version>1.1.0</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.dbunit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>dbunit</artifactId>
    			<version>2.5.0</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    					<groupId>junit</groupId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>

2. spring data for JPA 数据库配置代码

@Configuration
    @EnableTransactionManagement
    @EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.eifesun.monitor.db.repository")
    @PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
    @EnableJpaAuditing
    public class PersistenceContext {
    
        protected static final String PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_DRIVER = "db.driver";
        protected static final String PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_PASSWORD = "db.password";
        protected static final String PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_URL = "db.url";
        protected static final String PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_USERNAME = "db.username";
    
        private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_DIALECT = "hibernate.dialect";
        private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_FORMAT_SQL = "hibernate.format_sql";
        private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_HBM2DDL_AUTO = "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto";
        private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_NAMING_STRATEGY = "hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy";
        private static final String PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_SHOW_SQL = "hibernate.show_sql";
    
        private static final String PROPERTY_PACKAGES_TO_SCAN = "com.eifesun.monitor.db.jpa";
        private static final String CONVERT_PACKAGES_TO_SCAN = "org.springframework.data.jpa.convert.threeten";
    
        @Autowired
        private Environment environment;
    
        @Bean
        public DataSource dataSource() {
        	HikariConfig dataSourceConfig = new HikariConfig();
        	
        	dataSourceConfig.setDriverClassName(environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_DRIVER));
        	dataSourceConfig.setJdbcUrl(environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_URL));
        	dataSourceConfig.setUsername(environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_USERNAME));
        	dataSourceConfig.setPassword(environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_DATABASE_PASSWORD));
    
            return new HikariDataSource(dataSourceConfig);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public JpaTransactionManager transactionManager() {
            JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
    
            transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory().getObject());
    
            return transactionManager;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
            LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    
            entityManagerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource());
            entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter());
            entityManagerFactoryBean.setPackagesToScan(PROPERTY_PACKAGES_TO_SCAN, CONVERT_PACKAGES_TO_SCAN);
    
            Properties jpaProperties = new Properties();
            jpaProperties.put(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_DIALECT, environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_DIALECT));
            jpaProperties.put(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_FORMAT_SQL, environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_FORMAT_SQL));
            jpaProperties.put(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_HBM2DDL_AUTO, environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_HBM2DDL_AUTO));
            jpaProperties.put(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_NAMING_STRATEGY, environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_NAMING_STRATEGY));
            jpaProperties.put(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_SHOW_SQL, environment.getRequiredProperty(PROPERTY_NAME_HIBERNATE_SHOW_SQL));
            //jpaProperties.put("jadira.usertype.autoRegisterUserTypes", "true");
    
            entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaProperties(jpaProperties);
            
            entityManagerFactoryBean.setMappingResources("META-INF/orm.xml");
            return entityManagerFactoryBean;
        }

注意:orm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <entity-mappings xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm orm_2_0.xsd" version="2.0">
    	<persistence-unit-metadata>
    		<persistence-unit-defaults>
    			<entity-listeners>
    				<entity-listener class="org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener" />
    			</entity-listeners>
    		</persistence-unit-defaults>
    	</persistence-unit-metadata>
    </entity-mappings>

作用是为了使@createddate @version等spring annoation生效

3. 数据库的配置文件可以这样写，不同数据库有所不同

application.properties

#Database Configuration
    db.driver=org.h2.Driver
    db.url=jdbc:h2:mem:datajpa
    db.username=sa
    db.password=
    
    #Hibernate Configuration
    hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
    hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
    hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
    hibernate.show_sql=false
    hibernate.format_sql=true

4. entity的写法很普通

@Entity
    @Table(name = "inverter")
    public class Inverter {
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
        private Long id;
        
        @Column(name = "client_id", nullable = false, length = 20)
        private String clientId;
        
        @Column(name = "record_time")
        @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
        private Date recordTime;
        
        @Column(name = "output_power")
        private int outputPower;
        
        @Column(name = "output_energy")
        private int outputEnergy;
        
        @Column(name = "energy_total")
        private long energyTotal;
    
        @CreatedDate
        @Type(type = "org.jadira.usertype.dateandtime.joda.PersistentDateTime")
        private DateTime creationTime;
    }

5.repository 的写法也很普通

public interface InverterRepository extends Repository<Inverter, Long>{
    	 List<Inverter> findByClientIdAndRecordTimeBetween(String inverterId, Date startTime, Date endTime);
    
    	 Inverter save(Inverter entity);
    	 
    }

6. 测试代码：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = {PersistenceContext.class})
    @TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
            DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
            TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
            DbUnitTestExecutionListener.class })
    @DatabaseSetup("inverterData.xml")
    public class InverterRepositoryTest {
        @Autowired
        private InverterRepository repository;
        
        @Test
    	public void when_find_by_clientid_and_record_times_should_return_one() throws Exception {
        	
        	// when
        	Date start = DateTime.now().withDate(2015, 5, 14).withTimeAtStartOfDay().toDate();
        	Date end = DateTime.now().withDate(2015, 5, 15).withTimeAtStartOfDay().toDate();
        	List<Inverter> inverters = repository.findByClientIdAndRecordTimeBetween("inverter1", start, end);
        	
        	// then
        	assertThat(inverters.size(), is(1));
    	}
        
        @Test
    	public void when_save_and_created_time_should_not_null() throws Exception {
    		
        	// given
        	Inverter inverter = new Inverter();
        	inverter.setClientId("inverter2");
        	inverter.setEnergyTotal(1000);
        	inverter.setOutputEnergy(200);
        	inverter.setOutputPower(3000);
        	inverter.setRecordTime(new Date());
        	
        	// when
        	Inverter inverter2 = repository.save(inverter);
        	
        	// then
        	assertThat(inverter2.getCreationTime(), notNullValue());    	
    	}
    }

只要这样配置一下就可以使用操作数据库了，是不是很方便？

注意inverterData.xml里是表字段的信息

以上