第一个spring-boot工程

Dear 丶 2022-04-16 00:08 290阅读 0赞

### 1.登陆网址[https://start.spring.io/][https_start.spring.io] 创建一个简单的spring-boot工程，这时会生成一个zip压缩文件 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

###  2.解压生成的压缩文件spring-boot.zip，解压后导入到eclipse中 ###

### 3.pom文件引入依赖 ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<groupId>com.szcatic</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    	<name>spring-boot</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath/> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    	        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    	 	</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    	        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    	        <optional>true</optional>
       		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
    		    <scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
    		    <scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    				<configuration>
                    	<fork>true</fork>
                	</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    
    </project>

### 3.创建一个控制器类HelloWorldController ###

package com.szcatic.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class HelloWorldController {
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/hello")
        public String getHello() {
            return "Hello World";
        }
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldController.class, args);
    	}
    }

###  5.运行main主程序，控制台显示如下内容，表示启动成功 ###

.   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.0.RELEASE)
    
    2018-11-14 17:31:00.829  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] c.s.controller.HelloWorldController      : Starting HelloWorldController on zsx with PID 5612 (F:\workspace4.7\spring-boot\target\classes started by admin in F:\workspace4.7\spring-boot)
    2018-11-14 17:31:00.837  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] c.s.controller.HelloWorldController      : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
    2018-11-14 17:31:00.936  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] .e.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor : Devtools property defaults active! Set 'spring.devtools.add-properties' to 'false' to disable
    2018-11-14 17:31:00.936  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] .e.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor : For additional web related logging consider setting the 'logging.level.web' property to 'DEBUG'
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.767  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.823  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.823  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/9.0.12
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.856  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.16] using APR version [1.6.3].
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.857  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
    2018-11-14 17:31:03.857  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : APR/OpenSSL configuration: useAprConnector [false], useOpenSSL [true]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.026  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.0.2m  2 Nov 2017]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.231  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.231  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 4295 ms
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.304  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.310  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.310  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.311  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'formContentFilter' to: [/*]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.311  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
    2018-11-14 17:31:05.647  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
    2018-11-14 17:31:06.008  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
    2018-11-14 17:31:06.100  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
    2018-11-14 17:31:06.104  INFO 5612 --- [  restartedMain] c.s.controller.HelloWorldController      : Started HelloWorldController in 5.701 seconds (JVM running for 6.438)

### 6.打开浏览器，输入localhost:8080和localhost:8080/hello，分别显示如下： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![20181114173727909.png][]

**显示以上两个界面，表示spring-boot工程已正常运行**

### 7.编写测试类 ###

package com.szcatic.test.controller;
    
    import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
    
    import com.szcatic.controller.HelloWorldController;
    
    @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes = HelloWorldController.class)
    public class HelloWorldControllerTests {
    
    	private MockMvc mvc;
    
    	@BeforeEach
    	void init() throws Exception {
    		mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloWorldController()).build();
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	void testGetHello() throws Exception {
    		mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
    				.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
    				.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.content().string(Matchers.equalTo("Hello World")))
    				.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print()).andReturn();
    	}
    	
    	
    }

### 8.运行测试方法testGetHello ，控制台显示如下内容，表示测试正常 ###

17:41:39.500 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate from class [org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate]
    17:41:39.523 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating BootstrapContext using constructor [public org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultBootstrapContext(java.lang.Class,org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate)]
    17:41:39.561 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils - Instantiating TestContextBootstrapper for test class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests] from class [org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper]
    17:41:39.608 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests], using SpringBootContextLoader
    17:41:39.611 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests]: class path resource [com/szcatic/test/controller/HelloWorldControllerTests-context.xml] does not exist
    17:41:39.611 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Did not detect default resource location for test class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests]: class path resource [com/szcatic/test/controller/HelloWorldControllerTestsContext.groovy] does not exist
    17:41:39.612 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Could not detect default resource locations for test class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
    17:41:39.679 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.ActiveProfilesUtils - Could not find an 'annotation declaring class' for annotation type [org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles] and class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests]
    17:41:39.772 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - @TestExecutionListeners is not present for class [com.szcatic.test.controller.HelloWorldControllerTests]: using defaults.
    17:41:39.773 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Loaded default TestExecutionListener class names from location [META-INF/spring.factories]: [org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.ResetMocksTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.restdocs.RestDocsTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.client.MockRestServiceServerResetTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener]
    17:41:39.783 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Skipping candidate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener] due to a missing dependency. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes and their required dependencies available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttributeSource]
    17:41:39.784 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Skipping candidate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener] due to a missing dependency. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes and their required dependencies available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttribute]
    17:41:39.785 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Using TestExecutionListeners: [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@5dda768f, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener@7a8c8dcf, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener@24269709, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@2aceadd4, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener@24aed80c, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.ResetMocksTestExecutionListener@3a52dba3, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.restdocs.RestDocsTestExecutionListener@2a5c8d3f, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.client.MockRestServiceServerResetTestExecutionListener@752325ad, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener@279fedbd, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverTestExecutionListener@b3ca52e]
    17:41:39.799 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - Before test class: context [DefaultTestContext@d35dea7 testClass = HelloWorldControllerTests, testInstance = [null], testMethod = [null], testException = [null], mergedContextConfiguration = [WebMergedContextConfiguration@7770f470 testClass = HelloWorldControllerTests, locations = '{}', classes = '{class org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext, class org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext}', contextInitializerClasses = '[]', activeProfiles = '{}', propertySourceLocations = '{}', propertySourceProperties = '{org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true}', contextCustomizers = set[org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@3b2cf7ab, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@5ad851c9, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer@4f638935, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizerFactory$Customizer@7995092a, org.springframework.test.context.web.socket.MockServerContainerContextCustomizer@70be0a2b], resourceBasePath = 'src/main/webapp', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader', parent = [null]], attributes = map['org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.activateListener' -> true]], class annotated with @DirtiesContext [false] with mode [null].
    17:41:39.829 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.TestPropertySourceUtils - Adding inlined properties to environment: {spring.jmx.enabled=false, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true, server.port=-1}
    
      .   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.0.RELEASE)
    
    2018-11-14 17:41:40.244  INFO 9508 --- [           main] c.s.t.c.HelloWorldControllerTests        : Starting HelloWorldControllerTests on zsx with PID 9508 (started by admin in F:\workspace4.7\spring-boot)
    2018-11-14 17:41:40.246  INFO 9508 --- [           main] c.s.t.c.HelloWorldControllerTests        : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
    2018-11-14 17:41:40.573  INFO 9508 --- [           main] c.s.t.c.HelloWorldControllerTests        : Started HelloWorldControllerTests in 0.733 seconds (JVM running for 1.939)
    2018-11-14 17:41:41.588  INFO 9508 --- [           main] o.s.mock.web.MockServletContext          : Initializing Spring TestDispatcherServlet ''
    2018-11-14 17:41:41.588  INFO 9508 --- [           main] o.s.t.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet  : Initializing Servlet ''
    2018-11-14 17:41:41.590  INFO 9508 --- [           main] o.s.t.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet  : Completed initialization in 1 ms
    
    MockHttpServletRequest:
          HTTP Method = GET
          Request URI = /hello
           Parameters = {}
              Headers = {Accept=[application/json]}
                 Body = <no character encoding set>
        Session Attrs = {}
    
    Handler:
                 Type = com.szcatic.controller.HelloWorldController
               Method = public java.lang.String com.szcatic.controller.HelloWorldController.getHello()
    
    Async:
        Async started = false
         Async result = null
    
    Resolved Exception:
                 Type = null
    
    ModelAndView:
            View name = null
                 View = null
                Model = null
    
    FlashMap:
           Attributes = null
    
    MockHttpServletResponse:
               Status = 200
        Error message = null
              Headers = {Content-Type=[application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1], Content-Length=[11]}
         Content type = application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1
                 Body = Hello World
        Forwarded URL = null
       Redirected URL = null
              Cookies = []

### 9.目录结构  ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

[https_start.spring.io]: https://start.spring.io/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220416/3e05043aadf1455d858ce076263c770e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220416/a7466444b84a4cf89c5e0f5dc045c9cd.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220416/f8cbec4c44e44a03ab1270fee12717c3.png
[20181114173727909.png]: /images/20220416/b7224ffaa9a247a185a4bfcb94e61fe6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pzeDE4MjczMTE3MDAz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220416/429e68b2d8ea4f7e8aff745ae96a163f.png