python获取本机局域网ip地址（Windows）

超、凢脫俗 2022-04-16 03:57 793阅读 0赞

Talk is cheap, show the code: （win10+python3.7在wifi和热点环境下亲测可用)

#!/usr/bin/env python3
    import os
    import platform
    import re
    
    
    class PlatformUnsupportedError(Exception):
        pass
    
    
    def get_local_ip():
        """获取本机的局域网ip地址，仅适用于Windows系统"""
        if platform.system() != "Windows":
            raise PlatformUnsupportedError(
                "Platform not supported! Only for windows."
            )
        ips = local_ips()
        if not ips:
            raise Exception("Error: Fail to get ip!")
        # print(ips, [IP2MAC(ip).mac for ip in ips])
        if len(ips) > 1:
            # 当通过热点连接，且热点中有多个连接时
            # 会返回多个ip值，可通过获取MAC地址的方式来过滤它们
            # 若过滤完不是唯一值，则抛出异常
            ips_with_mac = [ip for ip in ips if IP2MAC(ip).mac]
            if not len(ips_with_mac) == 1:
                raise Exception(
                    "Got multiple IP addresses: {}".format(", ".join(ips))
                )
            return ips_with_mac[0]
        return ips[0]
    
    
    def local_ips():
        ips = []
        for ip in getIPAddresses():
            ip = ip.decode()
            if ip[-1] not in "01":
                ips.append(ip)
        return ips
    
    
    class IP2MAC:
        RE_MAC = re.compile("([a-f0-9]{2}[-:]){5}[a-f0-9]{2}", re.I)
    
        def __init__(self, ip):
            self.__ip = ip
    
        @property
        def mac(self):
            with os.popen("arp -a {}".format(self.__ip)) as osp:
                macaddr = self.RE_MAC.search(osp.read())
            return macaddr.group() if macaddr else None
    
    
    def getIPAddresses():
        # This function was got from the following url:
        # https://www.cnblogs.com/whu-2017/p/8986842.html
        #
        # It just work for windows.
        from ctypes import Structure, windll, sizeof
        from ctypes import POINTER, byref
        from ctypes import c_ulong, c_uint, c_ubyte, c_char
    
        MAX_ADAPTER_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH = 128
        MAX_ADAPTER_NAME_LENGTH = 256
        MAX_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_LENGTH = 8
    
        class IP_ADDR_STRING(Structure):
            pass
    
        LP_IP_ADDR_STRING = POINTER(IP_ADDR_STRING)
        IP_ADDR_STRING._fields_ = [
            ("next", LP_IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("ipAddress", c_char * 16),
            ("ipMask", c_char * 16),
            ("context", c_ulong),
        ]
    
        class IP_ADAPTER_INFO(Structure):
            pass
    
        LP_IP_ADAPTER_INFO = POINTER(IP_ADAPTER_INFO)
        IP_ADAPTER_INFO._fields_ = [
            ("next", LP_IP_ADAPTER_INFO),
            ("comboIndex", c_ulong),
            ("adapterName", c_char * (MAX_ADAPTER_NAME_LENGTH + 4)),
            ("description", c_char * (MAX_ADAPTER_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH + 4)),
            ("addressLength", c_uint),
            ("address", c_ubyte * MAX_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_LENGTH),
            ("index", c_ulong),
            ("type", c_uint),
            ("dhcpEnabled", c_uint),
            ("currentIpAddress", LP_IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("ipAddressList", IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("gatewayList", IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("dhcpServer", IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("haveWins", c_uint),
            ("primaryWinsServer", IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("secondaryWinsServer", IP_ADDR_STRING),
            ("leaseObtained", c_ulong),
            ("leaseExpires", c_ulong),
        ]
        GetAdaptersInfo = windll.iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
        GetAdaptersInfo.restype = c_ulong
        GetAdaptersInfo.argtypes = [LP_IP_ADAPTER_INFO, POINTER(c_ulong)]
        adapterList = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO * 10)()
        buflen = c_ulong(sizeof(adapterList))
        rc = GetAdaptersInfo(byref(adapterList[0]), byref(buflen))
        if rc == 0:
            for a in adapterList:
                adNode = a.ipAddressList
                while True:
                    ipAddr = adNode.ipAddress
                    if ipAddr:
                        yield ipAddr
                    adNode = adNode.next
                    if not adNode:
                        break
    
    
    def main():
        print("Local ip of this computer:")
        print(get_local_ip())
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        main()

运行结果：

Local ip of this computer:  
192.168.2.123