设计模式GOF23之-----------创建型模式（单例模式、工厂模式、建造者模式、原型模式）

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2022-04-22 02:28 251阅读 0赞

## 一 设计模式在总体上分为三类： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

## 二 单例模式 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 主要模式： ##

（1）饿汉式：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 测试饿汉式单例模式
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class SingletonErHan {
    	
    	//类初始化时,立即加载这个对象(没有延时加载优势)。加载类时,天然的是线程安全的！
    	private static SingletonErHan instance = new SingletonErHan(); 
    	
    	private  SingletonErHan() {	//将构造器私有化
    	}
    	
    	//方法没有同步,调用效率高
    	public static SingletonErHan getInstance() {
    		return instance;
    	}
    	
    }

（2）懒汉式:

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 测试懒汉式单例模式(单例对象延迟加载)
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class SingletonLanHan {
    
    	//类初始化时,立即加载这个对象(延迟加载，正真用的时候再创建)
    	private static SingletonLanHan s;
    	private SingletonLanHan(){ //私有化构造器
    	}
    	
    	//synchronized只允许一个线程访问,其他线程要访问只能等待(方法同步,调用效率低)
    	public static synchronized SingletonLanHan getInstance() {
    		if(s==null) {
    			s = new SingletonLanHan();
    		}
    		return s;
    	}
    }

(3) 双重检测锁：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

(4)静态内部类：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 测试静态内部类实现单例模式
     * 这种方式:线程安全,调用效率高,并且实现了延时加载！
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class SingletonStaticClass {
    
    	private static class SingletonClassInstance {
    		private static final SingletonStaticClass instance = new SingletonStaticClass();
    	}
    	
    	private SingletonStaticClass() { //构造器私有化
    	}
    	
    	public static SingletonStaticClass getInstance() {
    		return SingletonClassInstance.instance;
    	}
    }

（5）枚举：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 测试枚举式实现单例(没有延时加载)
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public enum SingletonEnum {
    
    	//这个枚举元素本身就是单例对象
    	INSTANCE;
    	
    	//添加自己需要的操作
    	public void singletonOperation() {
    	}
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		System.out.println(SingletonEnum.INSTANCE);
    	}
    }

## 常见的五种单例模式实现方式的比较： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

测试代码：

package GOF23;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
    
    /**
     * 测试多线程环境下五种创建单例模式的效率
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class Client2 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    		
    		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    		int threadNum = 10;
    		final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(threadNum); //启动线程计数器
    		
    		for(int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) { //启动10个线程
    			new Thread(new Runnable() {
    				@Override
    				public void run() {
    					for(int j = 0; j < 10000; j++) {
    //						Object o = SingletonLanHan.getInstance(); //耗时17
    //						Object o = SingletonErHan.getInstance(); //耗时7
    //						Object o = SingletonStaticClass.getInstance(); //耗时11
    						Object o = SingletonEnum.INSTANCE;  //耗时6
    					}
    					countDownLatch.countDown();
    				}
    			}).start();
    		}
    		
    		countDownLatch.await(); //main线程阻塞, 直到线程计数器变成0,才会继续执行下去！
    		long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    		System.out.println("总耗时:" + (end-start));
    	}
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

## 如何防止反射和反序列化破解单例模式(枚举除外): ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

## 三 工厂模式（也可见我的另一篇文章[https://blog.csdn.net/wangjian530/article/details/83621964][https_blog.csdn.net_wangjian530_article_details_83621964]） ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

三种分类：

(1)简单工厂模式

接口：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Car {
    	void run();
    }

汽车的种类：

package GOF23;
    
    public class Audi implements Car{
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("奥迪在跑！");	
    	}	
    }

package GOF23;
    
    public class Byd implements Car{
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("比亚迪在跑！");	
    	}	
    }

创建汽车的工厂：

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 简单工厂--创建汽车
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class SimpleFactoryCarFactory {
    	
    	public static Car createAudi() {
    		return new Audi();
    	}
    	
    	public static Car createByd() {
    		return new Byd();
    	}
    
    //	public static Car create(String type) {
    //		if("奥迪".equals(type)) {
    //			return new Audi();
    //		} else if("比亚迪".equals(type)) {
    //			return new Byd();
    //		} else {
    //			return null;
    //		}
    //	}
    }

客户端:

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 简单工厂下的客户端
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class Client3 {
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Car c1 = SimpleFactoryCarFactory.createAudi();
    		Car c2 = SimpleFactoryCarFactory.createByd();
    		c1.run();
    		c2.run();
    	}
    }

结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

他们之间的UML关系图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

（2）工厂方法模式

Car的抽象类接口：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Car {
    	void run();
    }

Car下面3个实现类即产品：

package GOF23;
    
    public class Audi implements Car{
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("奥迪在跑！");	
    	}	
    }
    
    
    
    package GOF23;
    
    public class Byd implements Car{
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("比亚迪在跑！");	
    	}	
    }
    
    
    package GOF23;
    
    public class Benz implements Car{
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("奔弛在跑！");	
    	}	
    }

生产汽车的工厂的抽象类：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface CarFactory {
    	
    	Car createCar();
    }

生产三种汽车的工厂：

package GOF23;
    
    public class AudiFactory implements CarFactory {
    	@Override
    	public Car createCar() {
    		return new Audi();
    	}
    }
    
    
    
    package GOF23;
    
    public class BydFactory implements CarFactory {
    	@Override
    	public Car createCar() {
    		return new Byd();
    	}
    }
    
    
    package GOF23;
    
    public class BenzFactory implements CarFactory {
    	@Override
    	public Car createCar() {
    		return new Benz();
    	}
    	
    	
    }

在客户端我们只管调用它的方法就好了：

package GOF23;
    
    public class Client4 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Car c1 = new AudiFactory().createCar();
    		c1.run();
    		Car c2 = new BydFactory().createCar();
    		c2.run();
    		Car c3 = new BenzFactory().createCar();
    		c3.run();
    	}
    }

下面是他们的UML模型：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

## 简单工厂模式和工厂方法模式比较： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

（3)抽象工厂模式

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

将三种产品族依次定义为接口：

引擎类：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Engine {
    	void run();
    	void start();
    }
    
    class LuxuryEngine implements Engine {
    
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("转的快！");
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void start() {
    		System.out.println("启动快！");
    	}
    	
    }
    
    
    class LowEngine implements Engine {
    
    	@Override
    	public void run() {
    		System.out.println("转的慢！");
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void start() {
    		System.out.println("启动慢！");
    	}
    	
    }

座椅类：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Seat {
    	void massage();
    }
    
    class LuxurySeat implements Seat {
    
    	@Override
    	public void massage() {
    		System.out.println("可以自动按摩！");	
    	}
    }
    
    class LowSeat implements Seat {
    
    	@Override
    	public void massage() {
    		System.out.println("不能按摩！");	
    	}
    }

轮胎类：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Tyre {
    	void revolve();
    }
    
    class LuxuryTyre implements Tyre {
    
    	@Override
    	public void revolve() {
    		System.out.println("旋转不磨损！");
    	}
    }
    
    
    class LowTyre implements Tyre {
    
    	@Override
    	public void revolve() {
    		System.out.println("旋转磨损快！");
    	}
    }

其次就是生产汽车的工厂的接口了：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface Car_Factory {
    	Engine createEngine();
    	Seat createSeat();
    	Tyre createTyre();
    }

还有它下面的两个实现类：

package GOF23;
    
    public class LuxuryCarFactory implements Car_Factory {
    
    	@Override
    	public Engine createEngine() {
    
    		return new LuxuryEngine();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public Seat createSeat() {
    		return new LuxurySeat();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public Tyre createTyre() {
    		return new LuxuryTyre();
    	}
    
    }

package GOF23;
    
    public class LowCarFactory implements Car_Factory {
    
    	@Override
    	public Engine createEngine() {
    
    		return new LowEngine();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public Seat createSeat() {
    		return new LowSeat();
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public Tyre createTyre() {
    		return new LowTyre();
    	}
    
    }

客户端我们所要做的就是面向接口的编程：

package GOF23;
    
    public class Client5 {
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Car_Factory factory = new LuxuryCarFactory();
    		Engine engine = factory.createEngine();
    		engine.run();
    		engine.start();
    	}
    }

## 工厂模式总结： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

## 四 建造者模式 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

下面我们来看一个组装飞船的例子：

飞船零件创建的接口：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface AirShipBuilder {
    	Engine1 builderEngine();
    	OrbitalModule builderOrbitalModule();
    	EscapeTower builderEscapeTower();
    }

飞船零件创建的实现类：

package GOF23;
    
    public class BuilderAirShip implements AirShipBuilder {
    
    	@Override
    	public Engine1 builderEngine() {
    		System.out.println("构建发动机！");
    		return new Engine1("发动机！");
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public OrbitalModule builderOrbitalModule() {
    		System.out.println("构建轨道仓！");
    		return new OrbitalModule("轨道仓！");
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public EscapeTower builderEscapeTower() {
    		System.out.println("构建逃逸塔！");
    		return new EscapeTower("逃逸塔！");
    	}
    
    }

创建飞船的方法的接口：

package GOF23;
    
    public interface AirShipDirector { //飞船的组装的方法
    	/**
    	 * 组装飞船对象
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	AirShip directAirShip(); 
    	
    }

创建飞船的方法的实现类：

package GOF23;
    
    public class BuilderAirShipDirector implements AirShipDirector {
    
    	private AirShipBuilder builder;
    
    	public BuilderAirShipDirector(AirShipBuilder builder) {
    		this.builder = builder;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public AirShip directAirShip() {
    		Engine1 e = builder.builderEngine();
    		OrbitalModule o = builder.builderOrbitalModule();
    		EscapeTower et = builder.builderEscapeTower();
    		
    		//装配成飞船对象
    		AirShip ship = new AirShip();
    		ship.setE(e);
    		ship.setEscapeTower(et);
    		ship.setOrbitalModule(o);
    		return ship;
    	}
    
    }

飞船类：

package GOF23;
    
    /**
     * 建造者模式--创建宇宙飞船
     * 
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class AirShip {
    	private OrbitalModule orbitalModule; // 轨道仓
    	private Engine1 e; // 发动机
    	private EscapeTower escapeTower; // 逃逸塔
    	
    	public void launch() {
    		System.out.println("发射！");
    	}
    
    	public OrbitalModule getOrbitalModule() {
    		return orbitalModule;
    	}
    
    	public void setOrbitalModule(OrbitalModule orbitalModule) {
    		this.orbitalModule = orbitalModule;
    	}
    
    	public Engine1 getE() {
    		return e;
    	}
    
    	public void setE(Engine1 e) {
    		this.e = e;
    	}
    
    	public EscapeTower getEscapeTower() {
    		return escapeTower;
    	}
    
    	public void setEscapeTower(EscapeTower escapeTower) {
    		this.escapeTower = escapeTower;
    	}
    
    }
    
    class OrbitalModule {
    	private String name;
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public OrbitalModule(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    }
    
    class Engine1 {
    	private String name;
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public Engine1(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    }
    
    class EscapeTower {
    	private String name;
    
    	public EscapeTower(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    }

客户端：首先我们生产飞船的零件，然后就开始组装成飞船就可以了。

package GOF23;
    
    public class Client6 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		AirShipDirector director = new BuilderAirShipDirector(new BuilderAirShip());
    		
    		AirShip ship = director.directAirShip();
    		
    		System.out.println(ship.getE().getName()); //输出发动机的名字
    		ship.launch();
    	}
    }

注意：建造者模式和工厂模式组合在一起用的情况比较多！

## 五 原型模式 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

下面我将以浅克隆和深 克隆为例来举例原型模型:

(1)浅克隆(就是简单的复制出另一个对象，然后指向原来对象的地址空间)

![20181103104652607.png][]

核心代码：

@Override
    	protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    		Object obj = super.clone(); // 直接调用Object对象的clone()方法
    		return obj;
    	}

源代码：

package GOF23;
    /**
     * 以克隆羊多利为例操作原型模式(测试浅复制)
     */
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class ProtoTypeSheep2 implements Cloneable {
    
    	private String name;
    	private Date birthday;
    
    	@Override
    	protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    		Object obj = super.clone(); // 直接调用Object对象的clone()方法
    		return obj;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public Date getBirthday() {
    		return birthday;
    	}
    
    	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    	}
    
    	public ProtoTypeSheep2(String name, Date birthday) {
    		this.name = name;
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    	}
    
    	public ProtoTypeSheep2() {
    		super();
    	}
    
    }

package GOF23;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /**
     * 测试原型模式(浅克隆)
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class Client7 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    		Date date = new Date(1997L);
    		ProtoTypeSheep2 s1 = new ProtoTypeSheep2("多利", date);
    		ProtoTypeSheep2 s2 = (ProtoTypeSheep2) s1.clone(); //通过s1对象克隆出s2对象(浅克隆)
    		
    		System.out.println(s1);
    		System.out.println(s1.getName() + " " + s1.getBirthday());
    		//当date数值的修改会影响下面的s2的date,因为s1和s2在内存本质是指向同一段内存对象的
    		date.setTime(1997530L);
    		System.out.println(s1.getBirthday());
    		
    		
    		System.out.println(s2); //但是式s2和s1是两个不同的对象
    		System.out.println(s2.getName() + " " + s2.getBirthday()); //发现s1和s2里的值是一样的
    		
    		s2.setName("少利");
    		System.out.println(s2.getName());
    		
    	}
    }

结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

我们发现当我们修改s1的时间时候，我们输出s2的时间也跟着改变，原因就是s1和s2指向同一个对象！

（2）深克隆（不光复制出一个对象，而且还复制出原对象的那段地址空间，也就是说一个新对象指向一段新地址空间）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

核心代码：

@Override
    	protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    		Object obj = super.clone(); // 直接调用Object对象的clone()方法
    		
    		//添加如下的代码实现深复制(deep clone)
    		ProtoTypeSheep s =  (ProtoTypeSheep) obj;
    		s.birthday = (Date) this.birthday.clone(); //把属性也进行克隆
    		return obj;
    	}

源代码：

package GOF23;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    /**
     * 原型模式(深克隆)
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class Client8 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    		Date date = new Date(1997L);
    		ProtoTypeSheep s1 = new ProtoTypeSheep("多利", date);
    		ProtoTypeSheep s2 = (ProtoTypeSheep) s1.clone(); //深克隆本质是复制出一个一模一样的对象并让s2指向它
    		
    		System.out.println(s1);
    		System.out.println(s1.getName() + " " + s1.getBirthday());
    		
    		date.setTime(2211123323L);
    		System.out.println(s1.getBirthday());
    		
    
    		s2.setName("少利");
    		System.out.println(s2);
    		System.out.println(s2.getName() + " " + s2.getBirthday());
    		
    	}
    }

结果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

我们发现当s1时间修改并不影响s2的时间，s2的时间还和克隆s1时的时间一样，这就是深复制！

（3）我们还可以使用序列化和反序列化实现深克隆

核心代码：

//使用序列化和反序列化实现深克隆
    		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //把要输出的东西先输入到输出流中
    		ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos); //建立输出流对象
    		oos.writeObject(s1); //把要输出的东西通过输出流输出到目的地，所以是write()
    		byte[] bytes = bos.toByteArray(); //再把输出的东西转化成字节数组
    		
    		ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); //把要读取的bytes先输入到输入流
    		ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis); //建立读取对象
    		//从输入流进行读取,所以是read()
    		ProtoTypeSheep2 s2 = (ProtoTypeSheep2) ois.readObject(); //对象已经克好

源代码：

package GOF23;
    
    import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
    import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.ObjectInput;
    import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
    import java.io.ObjectOutput;
    import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import javassist.bytecode.ByteArray;
    
    /**
     * 测试原型模式(使用序列化和反序列化实现深克隆)
     * @author lenovo
     *
     */
    public class Client9 {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
    		Date date = new Date(1997L);
    		ProtoTypeSheep2 s1 = new ProtoTypeSheep2("多利", date);
    		System.out.println(s1);
    		System.out.println(s1.getName() + " " + s1.getBirthday());
    	
    		
    		
    		//使用序列化和反序列化实现深克隆
    		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    		ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
    		oos.writeObject(s1);
    		byte[] bytes = bos.toByteArray();
    		
    		ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
    		ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
    		
    		ProtoTypeSheep2 s2 = (ProtoTypeSheep2) ois.readObject(); //对象已经克好
    		
    		
    		
    		date.setTime(1997530L);
    		System.out.println("改过的时间：" + s1.getBirthday());
    		
    		
    		System.out.println(s2); //但是式s2和s1是两个不同的对象
    		System.out.println(s2.getName() + " " + s2.getBirthday()); //发现s1和s2里的值是一样的
    		
    		s2.setName("少利");
    		System.out.println(s2.getName());
    		
    	}
    }

我们发现结果和上面深克隆是一样的：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 26][]

（4）总结：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 27][]

## 好了，我们上述的单例模式、工厂模式、建造者模式、原型模式都统称为创建型模式，下面我们来总结一下各自的特点： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdqaWFuNTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 28][]

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[https_blog.csdn.net_wangjian530_article_details_83621964]: https://blog.csdn.net/wangjian530/article/details/83621964
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