java生成图片验证码(字母 | 运算 | 汉字)

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-05-03 00:58 258阅读 0赞

## java生成图片验证码（字母|运算|汉字） ##

*1.先看下以下效果图,ui请勿参考*

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

*2.后台工具类代码*

package com.ljm.verification.util;
    
    
    import java.awt.Color;
    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    
    /**
     * @author lijunming
     * @date 2018/10/26 2:57 PM
     */
    public class RandomValidateCode {
        private static int width = 135;// 图片宽
        private static int height = 28;// 图片高
        private static int lineSize = 40;// 干扰线数量
        private static Random random = new Random();
    
        /**
         * 设置验证码字体
         *
         * @return 字体
         */
        private static Font getFont() {
            return new Font("Fixedsys", Font.CENTER_BASELINE, 18);
        }
    
        /**
         * 设置验证码颜色
         *
         * @param fc
         * @param bc
         * @return rgb值
         */
        private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
            if (fc > 255)
                fc = 255;
            if (bc > 255)
                bc = 255;
            int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 16);
            int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 14);
            int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 18);
            return new Color(r, g, b);
        }
    
        /**
         * 生成随机验证码，绘制成图片，并且写入结果
         *
         * @param request
         * @param response
         */
        public static void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,
                                       HttpServletResponse response) {
            HttpSession session = request.getSession();
            // BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
            Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
            g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
            g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, 45)); //图片上字的大小
            g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133));
            // 绘制干扰线
            for (int i = 0; i <= lineSize; i++) {
                drowLine(g);
            }
            // 绘制随机验证吗
            String randomString = getValidate();
            //把生成的验证码存入session,并且1分钟超时失效
            session.setAttribute("verification", result);
            session.setMaxInactiveInterval(60);
            String[] arr = randomString.toString().split("");
            for (int i = 1; i <= arr.length; i++) {
                drowString(g, arr[i - 1], i);
            }
            g.dispose();
            try {
                // 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
                ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    
        /**
         * 绘制图片
         */
        private static String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
            int j = 15;
            if (result instanceof Integer) {
                j = 11;
            }
            g.setFont(getFont());
            g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random
                    .nextInt(121)));
            g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
            g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
            g.drawString(randomString, j * i, 12);
            return randomString;
        }
    
        /**
         * 绘制干扰线
         */
        private static void drowLine(Graphics g) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            int xl = random.nextInt(13);
            int yl = random.nextInt(15);
            g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
        }
    
        public static Object result;
    
        /**
         * 生成字母验证码
         * @return 验证码的内容
         */
        public static String createAB() {
            String[] abc = new String[]{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "o", "p", "w", "x", "z", "y", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "O", "P", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"};
            Random rd = new Random();
            int index = rd.nextInt(abc.length);
            String one = abc[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(abc.length);
            String two = abc[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(abc.length);
            String three = abc[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(abc.length);
            String four = abc[index];
            result = one + two + three + four;
            String str = one + two + three + four;
            return str;
        }
    
        /**
         * 生成加减乘除算法验证码
         * 由于2位数的 乘除对某些人算起来麻烦
         * 有兴趣的可以扩展乘法和除法
         * @return 验证码的内容
         */
        public static String createNumber() {
            String fu[] = new String[]{"+", "-", "*", "/"};
            Random rd = new Random();
            int i = rd.nextInt(2);
            int num1 = rd.nextInt(100);
            int num2 = rd.nextInt(100);
            if (i == 0) {
                result = num1 + num2;
            } else {
                //循环保证永远不会出现减法结果是负数
                while (num1 < num2) {
                    num1 = rd.nextInt(100);
                }
                result = num1 - num2;
            }
            String str = num1 + fu[i] + num2 + "=";
            return str;
        }
    
        /**
         * 生产汉字验证吗
         * @return 验证码的内容
         */
        public static String createChinese() {
            String chinese[] = new String[]{
                    "勿", "忘", "初", "心", "方", "得", "始", "终", "认", "真", "切", "怂", "从", "一", "而", "终", "英", "雄", "联", "盟"
            };
            Random rd = new Random();
            int index = rd.nextInt(chinese.length);
            String one = chinese[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(chinese.length);
            String two = chinese[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(chinese.length);
            String three = chinese[index];
            index = rd.nextInt(chinese.length);
            String four = chinese[index];
            result = one + two + three + four;
            String str = one + two + three + four;
            return str;
        }
    
        /**
         * 随机调用验证码
         */
        public static String getValidate() {
            Random rd = new Random();
            int i = rd.nextInt(4);
            if (i == 1) {
                return createAB();
            } else if (i == 2) {
                return createChinese();
            }
            return createNumber();
        }
    }

*3.Controller*

package com.ljm.verification.controller;
    
    import com.ljm.verification.util.RandomValidateCode;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    
    /**
     * @author lijunming
     * @date 2018/10/26 3:57 PM
     */
    @Controller
    public class TestController {
    
        /*
         * 去登陆页面
         */
        @GetMapping("/login")
        public String toLogin(){
            return "login";
        }
    
        /*
         * 登录页面生成验证码
         */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getVerify.htm")
        public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
            response.setContentType("image/jpeg");//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//设置响应头信息，告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
            try {
                RandomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);//输出验证码图片方法
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        /*
         * 验证输入的验证码是否正确
         */
        @RequestMapping("/checkValidate")
        @ResponseBody
        public String checkValidate(@RequestParam("verification")Object yzm, HttpSession session) throws Exception{
            Object result=session.getAttribute("verification");
            //验证码只有1分钟的有效期，超时返回-1
            if(session.getAttribute("verification")==null){
                return "-1";
            }
            //如果为字母验证码或者    1表示通告,0表示验证失败
            if(result instanceof String){
                if(yzm.toString().toUpperCase().equals(result.toString().toUpperCase())){
                    return "1";
                }
                return "0";
                //如果为数字验证码
            }else{
                if(result.toString().equals(yzm)){
                    return "1";
                }
            }
            return "0";
        }
    }

*4.前台页面*

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
        <style type="text/css">
             div{
                 text-align: center;
             }
            form{
                margin-top:10%;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div >
        <form  action="login"method="post">
            <div id="error"></div>
            账号:<input type="text" name="userName"/><br/>
            密码:<input type="password" name="password" /><br/>
            <img id="yzm" src="getVerify.htm"/> <a href="javascript:replace()">换一张</a><br/>
            验证码<input type="text" name="yzm"/>
            <input type="button" value="登陆" id="login"/>
        </form>
    </div>
    </body>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.8.0.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function replace(){
            $("#yzm").attr("src","getVerify.htm?t="+ Math.random());
        }
        $(function(){
            $("#login").click(function(){
                var flags=false;
                var verification=$("[name='yzm']").val();
                $.ajax({
                    url:"checkValidate",
                    async:false,
                    type:"get",
                    data:{"verification":verification},
                    dataType:"text",
                    success:function(flag){
                        if(flag=="-1"){
                            $("#error").html("验证码已超时,请换个","red");
                            flags=true;
                        }else if (flag=="0"){
                            $("#error").html("验证码错误").css("color","red");
                            flags=true;
                        }else{
                            $("#error").html("登陆成功").css("color","green");
                        }
                    }
                });
                //如果验证失败则不进后面的登陆
                if(flags){
                    return;
                }
            });
        })
    </script>
    </html>

5.*由于小项目，没有用github*

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20181026192546892.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA==,size_27,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20181026192606682.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA==,size_27,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220503/a2bcbba29f3c4c53a17a43890f870dfb.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20181026192913487.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA==,size_27,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmcxOTk1MTIyNA_size_27_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20220503/5df64bb02451439ab9682392f3e2409d.png
[https_pan.baidu.com_s_12EwH84ObKKEC0h_n_qssOA]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/12EwH84ObKKEC0h_n_qssOA