qt 操作串口 QSerialPort

Love The Way You Lie 2022-05-19 07:06 217阅读 0赞

**准备工作**

QT += serialport

**初始化**

void MainWindow::initPort()
    {
        //读取串口信息
        foreach (const QSerialPortInfo &info, QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
        {
            qDebug()<<"Name:"<<info.portName();
            qDebug()<<"Description:"<<info.description();
            qDebug()<<"Manufacturer:"<<info.manufacturer();
    
            //这里相当于自动识别串口号之后添加到了cmb，如果要手动选择可以用下面列表的方式添加进去
            QSerialPort serial;
            serial.setPort(info);
            if(serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
            {
                //将串口号添加到cmb
                ui->cmbPortName->addItem(info.portName());
                //关闭串口等待人为(打开串口按钮)打开
                serial.close();
            }
        }
    
        QStringList baudList;//波特率
        QStringList parityList;//校验位
        QStringList dataBitsList;//数据位
        QStringList stopBitsList;//停止位
    
        baudList<<"50"<<"75"<<"100"<<"134"<<"150"<<"200"<<"300"
               <<"600"<<"1200"<<"1800"<<"2400"<<"4800"<<"9600"
              <<"14400"<<"19200"<<"38400"<<"56000"<<"57600"
             <<"76800"<<"115200"<<"128000"<<"256000";
    
        ui->cmbBaudRate->addItems(baudList);
        ui->cmbBaudRate->setCurrentIndex(12);
    
        parityList<<"无"<<"奇"<<"偶";
    
        ui->cmbParity->addItems(parityList);
        ui->cmbParity->setCurrentIndex(0);
    
        dataBitsList<<"5"<<"6"<<"7"<<"8";
        ui->cmbDataBits->addItems(dataBitsList);
        ui->cmbDataBits->setCurrentIndex(3);
    
        stopBitsList<<"1";
        stopBitsList<<"1.5";
        stopBitsList<<"2";
    
        ui->cmbStopBits->addItems(stopBitsList);
        ui->cmbStopBits->setCurrentIndex(0);
    
        connect(ui->openCom,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_btnOpen_clicked()));
        connect(ui->pushButtonSpeedSet,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(on_btnSet_clicked()));
    }

**打开串口**

void MainWindow::on_btnOpen_clicked()
    {
    	my_serialport = new QSerialPort(this);
    	
    	//设置串口号
    	my_serialport->setPortName(ui->cmbPortName->currentText());
    	//以读写方式打开串口
    	if(my_serialport->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
    	{
    	    //设置波特率
    	    my_serialport->setBaudRate(ui->cmbBaudRate->currentText().toInt());
    	    //设置数据位
    	    my_serialport->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
    	    //设置校验位
    	    my_serialport->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
    	    //设置流控制
    	    my_serialport->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
    	    //设置停止位
    	    my_serialport->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
    	
    	    //每秒读一次
    	    timer = new QTimer(this);
    	    connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(readComDataSlot()));
    	    timer->start(1000);
    	
    	    ui->openCom->setEnabled(false);
    	    ui->lineEditSpeed->setText(QString("待传输"));
    	    ui->lineEditTemp->setText("0");
    	}
    	else
    	{
    	    QMessageBox::about(NULL, "提示", "串口没有打开！");
    	    return;
    	}
    }

**读**

void MainWindow::readComDataSlot()
    {
        //读取串口数据
        QByteArray readComData = my_serialport->readAll();
    
        //数据显示
        if(readComData.size() > 0)
        {
            qDebug() << "size: " << readComData.size();
            qDebug() << "data: " << readComData;
    
            ui->textBrowser->append(readComData);
        }
        
        //清除缓冲区
        readComData.clear();
    }

**写**

void MainWindow::on_btnSet_clicked()
    {
        //获取发送区的数据
        QString sendData = ui->lineEditSpeedSet->text();
        QByteArray sendData_2 = sendData.toLatin1();
    
        //写入缓冲区
        my_serialport->write(sendData_2);
    }