Homebrew安装Mysql全过程

我会带着你远行 2022-05-22 09:50 307阅读 0赞

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### 环境 ###

操作系统：macOS Sierra Version 10.12.1   
Homebrew：1.1.7

### 步骤 ###

1.  安装Homebrew，详细步骤参见[Homebrew][]官网。
2.  `brew doctor`确认brew在正常工作。
3.  `brew update`更新包。
4.  `brew install mysql` 安装mysql。

==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/mysql-5.7.17.sierra.bottle.tar.gz ######################################################################## 100.0%
    ==> Pouring mysql-5.7.17.sierra.bottle.tar.gz ==> Using the sandbox ==> /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=liangze --basedir=/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17 --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --t ==> Caveats We've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:
        mysql_secure_installation
    
    To connect run:
        mysql -uroot
    
    To have launchd start mysql now and restart at login:
      brew services start mysql
    Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
      mysql.server start
    ==> Summary /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17: 14,226 files, 444.4M

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这里顺带提下一下，在网上有很多教程说要在安装完mysql之后运行`mysql_install_db --verbose --user=`whoami`--basedir="$(brew --prefix mysql)" --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp`，我试了一下行不通，原因mysql官方已经说了，看这段：

> mysql\_install\_db is deprecated as of MySQL 5.7.6 because its functionality has been integrated into mysqld, the MySQL server. To initialize a MySQL installation, invoke mysqld with the –initialize or –initialize-insecure option. For more information, see Section 2.10.1.1, “Initializing the Data Directory Manually Using mysqld”. mysql\_install\_db will be removed in a future MySQL release.

大意就是说mysql\_install\_db这个功能已经在MySQL 5.7.6下取消了，它的功能现在已经集成在了mysqld里了。所以尽量不要直接在网上拿来主义，如果我们仔细看brew install mysql的安装过程，看这句：

> ==> /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17/bin/mysqld –initialize-insecure –user=liangze –basedir=/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.17 –datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql –t

说明brew已经为我们安装好了。我们接下来需要做的brew也已经告诉我了，看这句：

> We’ve installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:   
> mysql\_secure\_installation

5.   
那么我们就按照brew的提示运行 mysql\_secure\_installation，运行后会报错：

> mysql_secure_installation
    
    Securing the MySQL server deployment.
    
    Enter password for user root:
    Error: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

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莫慌，提示说找不到mysql.sock。原因是mysql进程还没启动。   
6. 启动mysql服务

mysql.server start

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7.再运行

> mysql_secure_installation

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发现成功执行命令

Securing the MySQL server deployment.
    
    Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
    
    VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
    and improve security. It checks the strength of password
    and allows the users to set only those passwords which are secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y There are three levels of password validation policy: LOW Length >= 8 MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file // 这里提示选一个密码强度等级 Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 1 Please set the password for root here. // 然后按照所选的密码强度要求设定密码 New password: Re-enter new password: Estimated strength of the password: 50 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y ... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements New password: Re-enter new password: Estimated strength of the password: 100 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. // 这里删除默认无密码用户 Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. // 禁止远程root登录，我选的是不禁止。因为我的mac上的数据库不会放到公网上，也不会存什么敏感数据 Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no ... skipping. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. // 这里删除默认自带的test数据库 Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. All done!

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8.   
最后测试一下登陆

> mysql -u root -p

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ALL DONE!

### 总结 ###

学会使用`brew info 软件名`来查看提示。以这次安装mysql的过程为力，网上的教程有可能有出入，和实际情况不同，但如果我们仔细查看提示，是可以靠自己完成的。

[Homebrew]: http://brew.sh/