python编程从入门到实践（课本学习代码（2-6章））

朱雀 2022-05-23 02:17 127阅读 0赞

**本次上传的代码为2-6章的。用‘.’的标号是课本内的代码，用‘-’的标号是课后习题**  
2.2

message = 'hello python world!'
    print(message.title())#每个单词首字母大写
    
    message = 'hello python crash course world!'
    print(message.title())
    
    mesage = 'hello python crash course reader!'
    print(mesage.title())

2.3

#字符串
    name = 'toms jobs'
    print(name.title())
    
    name = 'Alan Walker'
    print(name.upper())#所有字母都大写
    print(name.lower())#所有字母都小写
    
    
    first_name = 'alan'
    last_name = 'walker'
    name = first_name.title() +' '+ last_name.title()
    print(name)
    print('Hello!'+ name)
    
    #使用制表符和换行符来添加空白
    print('python')
    
    print('language:\npython\nc\njava')#使用/n来进行换行
    
    print('language:\n\tpython\n\tc\n\tjava')#使用/t来进行tab制表符
    
    #删除空白
    
    language = 'python '
    print(language.rstrip())#去除字符串右边空白
    
    language = ' python'
    print(language.lstrip())#去除字符串左边空白
    
    language = ' python '
    print(language.strip())#去除首尾空白

2.4

#数字
    
    age = 23
    message = 'Happy ' + str(age) + 'rd Birthday!'#使用str()函数使数字成字符串表达
    print(message)
    
    print(2 + 3)
    print(3 / 2)
    
    
    #python 之禅
    import this

3.1

#列表
    
    bicycles = ['trek','cannondale','realine','specialized']#列表的输出
    print(bicycles)
    
    #访问列表元素
    bicycles = ['trek','cannondale','realine','specialized']
    print(bicycles[0].title())#索引从0开始
    print(bicycles[2].title())
    
    message = 'my favorite bicycle is ' + bicycles[3].title() +  '!'
    print(message.title())

3.2

#修改列表元素
    
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suzuki','hanlanda']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    motorcycles[1] = 'ducati'#修改列表中的元素
    print(motorcycles)
    
    print('=======================================')
    #在列表中添加元素
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suzuki','hanlanda']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    motorcycles.append('ducati')#将元素添加到列表的末尾
    print(motorcycles)
    
    print('======================================')
    motorcycles = []
    motorcycles.append('honda')
    motorcycles.append('yamaba')
    motorcycles.append('suzuki')
    print(motorcycles)
    print('======================================')
    #在列表中插入元素
    motorcycle = ['honda','yamaha','suznki']
    
    motorcycle.insert(0,'ducati')
    print(motorcycle)
    
    print('======================================')
    #从列表中删除元素
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suznki']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    del motorcycles[0]
    print(motorcycles)
    print('======================================')
    #使用pop删除元素
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suznki']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop()#删除列表中的尾元素
    print(motorcycles)
    print(popped_motorcycle)#输出删除的元素
    
    print('======================================')
    #弹出列表中任何位置的元素
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suznki']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop(0)#删除列表中索引为0的元素
    print(motorcycles)
    print('The first motorcycle I wanna ' + popped_motorcycle + ' .')#输出删除的元素
    
    print('======================================')
    #根据值删除元素
    
    motorcycles = ['honda','yamaha','suzuki','hanlanda']
    print(motorcycles)
    
    motorcycles.remove('hanlanda')
    print(motorcycles)
    
    
    print('************************************')
    print('======================================')
    
    #动手试一试
    name_list = []
    name_list.append('tom')
    name_list.append('jobs')
    name_list.append('bill')
    name_list.append('jack')
    name_list.append('andy')
    
    print('I am so sorry! ' + name_list[1].title() + " don't join this party!")
    print(len(name_list))
    #修改名单
    del name_list[1]
    # print(name_list)
    name_list.insert(1,'jordan')
    print(name_list)
    print('Because of find a big dask , so we will add costoms .')
    print(len(name_list))
    #添加嘉宾
    name_list.insert(1,'rose')
    name_list.insert(3,'lily')
    name_list.append('pig')
    print(name_list)
    print('Dear ' + name_list[1].title() + ' , welcome to my party !')
    print('Dear ' + name_list[3].title() + ' , welcome to my party !')
    print('Dear ' + name_list[7].title() + ' , welcome to my party !')
    print(len(name_list))
    #缩减名单
    
    print('I am so sorry! ' + ' cause a lot problem , we eat dinner with two custom !')
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(1)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    print(name_list)
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(2)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    print(name_list)
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(1)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    print(name_list)
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(2)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(2)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    
    del_name = name_list.pop(2)
    print('GO out !' + del_name.title() + '.')
    
    print(name_list)
    print(len(name_list))
    print('Celebrate ' + name_list[0].title() + ' successful !')
    print('Celebrate ' + name_list[1].title() + ' successful !')
    
    del name_list[0]
    del name_list[0]
    print(name_list)
    print(len(name_list))

3.3

#组织列表
    
    #使用sort()对列表进行永久性排序
    
    cars = ['bmw','audi','toyota','auto']
    cars.sort()#按照字母顺序进行排序
    print(cars)
    
    print('=============================')
    cars = ['bmw','audi','toyota','auto']
    cars.sort(reverse=True)#按照字母反向顺序进行排序
    print(cars)
    
    print('=============================')
    
    #使用sorted()对列表进行临时排序
    cars = ['bmw','audi','toyota','auto']
    print('Here is the original list:')
    print(cars)
    
    print('Here is the sorted list:')
    print(sorted(cars))
    
    print('Here is the original list again:')
    print(cars)
    
    #倒着打印列表
    print('=============================')
    cars = ['bmw','audi','toyota','auto']
    print(cars)
    
    cars.reverse()
    print(cars)
    
    #打印列表长度
    print('=============================')
    cars = ['bmw','audi','toyota','auto']
    print(len(cars))

4.1

#遍历整个列表
    
    magicians = ['alice','david','carolian']
    for magician in magicians:
        print(magician.title())
        print(magician.title() + ', that was a great trick!'+'\n')#循环一次还一行
    print("Thank you , everyone.That was a great magic show!")

4.3

#创建数值列表
    
    for value in range(1,10):
        print(value)#生成1-9的数值
    
    
    #使用range()创建数值列表
    
    numbers = list(range(1,10))
    print(numbers)
    
    #指定步长输出
    even_numbers = list(range(1,10,2))#输出步长为2的数值列表
    print(even_numbers)
    
    squares = []
    for value in range(1,11):
        square = value**2
        squares.append(square)
        #squares.append(value**2)
    print(squares)
    
    print('===================================')
    digits = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
    print(min(digits))#最小值
    print(max(digits))#最大值
    print(sum(digits))#和
    
    #列表解析
    squares = [value**2 for value in range(1,11)]#用for循环为前面的式子提供值
    print(squares)
    
    #动手试一试
    for i in range(1,21):
        print(i)
    
    #4-5
    import time
    start = time.clock()
    value = [i for i in range(1,1000000)]
    print(value)
    print(min(value))
    print(max(value))
    print(sum(value))
    end = time.clock()
    time = end - start
    print('Running time:'+ str(time))
    
    #4-6
    import time
    start = time.clock()
    value = [i for i in range(1,1000000,2)]
    print(value)
    print(min(value))
    print(max(value))
    print(sum(value))
    end = time.clock()
    time = end - start
    print('Running time:'+ str(time))
    
    #4-7
    value = [i for i in range(3,31,3)]
    print(value)
    
    #4-8,4-9
    value = [i**3 for i in range(1,11)]
    print(value)

4.5

#元组
    
    #定义元组
    
    dimensions = (200,50)
    print(dimensions[0])
    print(dimensions[1])#打印元组中的值
    
    #元组中的值是不可以修改的
    #dimensions[0] = 230
    
    
    
    #遍历元组中的所有值
    for dimension in dimensions:
        print(dimension)
    
    
    #虽然无法修改元组中的值，但可以给存储元组的变量赋值
    print("Original dimensions:")
    for dimension in dimensions:
        print(dimension)
    
    
    dimensions = (400,100)
    print("Modified dimensions:")
    for dimension in dimensions:
        print(dimension)

4-4

#使用列表中的一部分元素
    #切片
    
    players = ['charles','martina','michael','florence','eli']
    print(players[0:3])#打印列表的前三个，索引为0，1，2的值
    
    print(players[1:4])#打印列表中索引为1，2，3的值
    
    #如果没有指定第一个索引值，将从列表的的开头开始
    print(players[:4])
    
    #如果没有指定尾索引，将遍历到列表的末尾
    print(players[2:])
    
    #输出特定的列表尾值
    print(players[-3:])#从倒数第三个值开始输出
    
    
    #遍历切片
    print("Here are the first there playerd on my team:")
    for player in players[:3]:
        print(player.title())
    
    
    #列表的复制
    my_foods = ['pizza','falafel','carrot cake']
    friend_foods = my_foods[:]#把列表中的所有值复制到另一个列表
    
    my_foods.append('cannoli')
    friend_foods.append('ice cream')
    #friend_foods = my_foods这里是将后面的列表赋给前面的列表，打印的两个值相同
    
    print("My favorite foods are:")
    print(my_foods)
    print("My friends favorite foods are:")
    print(friend_foods)

5.1

#一个简单的实例
    
    cars = ['audi','bmw','toyota','subaru']
    for car in cars:
        if car =='bmw':
            print(car.upper())
        else:
            print(car.title())

5.2

#赋值与相等运算符
    car = 'bmw'#赋值
    if car =='bmw':#相等
        print('Ture')
    else:
        print('Flase')
    
    #赋值与相等运算符要考虑大小写
    car = 'Bmw'
    if car =='bmw':
        print('Ture')
    else:
        print('Flase')
    
    
    #数值的比较
    age = 12
    if age != 34:
        print('Please try again!')
    
    
    #使用and和or来进行多个条件的检查
    
    age_0 = 18
    age_1 = 78
    if age_0 <= 20 and age_1 >= 70:
        print('Ture')
    else:
        print('Flase')
    
    
    #检查特定值是否在列表中
    cars = ['audi','bmw','toyota','subaru']
    if 'bmw' in cars:
        print('Ture')
    else:
        print('Flase')
    
    #检查特定值是否不在列表中
    cars = ['audi','bmw','toyota','subaru']
    car = 'auto'
    if car not in cars:
        print('Sorry!,please go out')
        cars.append(car)
        print(cars)
    
    
    
    #布尔表达式的运用
    game_activity = True
    can_edit = False
    
    
    
    #5-1

5.4

#使用if语句处理列表
    
    bags = ['mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese']
    for bag in bags:
        print('Adding '+ bag + '.')
    print('\nFinshed your pizza!')
    
    print('=========================')
    print()
    ######
    bags = ['mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese']
    for bag in bags:
        if bag == 'mushrooms':
            print("Sorry! We are out of mashrooms right now.")
        else:
            print('Adding '+ bag + '.')
    print('\nFinshed your pizza!')
    
    
    print('============================')
    print()
    #确定列表不是空
    bags = []
    if bags:
        for bag in bags:
            print('Adding ' + bag + '.')
            print('\nFinshed your pizza!')
    else:
        print('Are you sure want a plain pizza.')
    
    
    print('============================')
    print()
    #5-8
    name_list = ['tom','lily','jack','bob','admin']
    for name in name_list:
        print('Wlecome '+ name +'.')
        if name == 'admin':
            print('Hello admin,would you like ti see a status report!')
        else:
            print('Hello Eric,think you for logging again!')
    
    
    
    print('============================')
    print()
    #5-10
    users = ['tom','lily','jack','bob','admin']
    new_users = ['a','b','c','tom','bob']
    for user in users:
        for user1 in new_users:
            if user1 == user:
                print('This name ready user!')
            else:
                print('PASS')
    
    print('============================')
    print()
    #5-11
    numbers = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
    for number in numbers:
        if number == 1:
            print('%dst'%number)
        elif number == 2:
            print('%dnd'%number)
        elif number == 3:
            print('%drd'%number)
        else:
            print('%dth'%number)

5-3

#if 语句
    age = 23
    if age >=20:
        print('Victory')
    
    
    #if-elif-else语句
    age =int(input('Please input age: '))
    if age<= 4 and age>=0:
        print('You admision cost is $0.')
    elif age >4 and age <= 18:
        print('You admision cost is $5.')
    elif age>18 and age <200:
        print('You admision cost is $10.')
    else:
        print('You are evil.')
    
    #输入三个数，然后从小到大输出
    value = []
    for i in range(4):
        x = int(input('输入：\n'))
        value.append(x)
    value.sort()
    print(value)
    
    #输出9*9乘法表
    for i in range(1,10):
        print()
        for j in range(1,i+1):
            m = i * j
            print('%d*%d=%d'%(i,j,m)),
    
    #暂停一秒钟输出
    import time
    myD = {
       1: 'a', 2: 'b'}
    for key, value in dict.items(myD):
        print (key, value)
        time.sleep(1) # 暂停 1 秒
    
    
    #古典问题：有一对兔子，从出生后第3个月起每个月都生一对兔子，小兔子长到第三个月后每个月又生一对兔子，假如兔子都不死，问每个月的兔子总数为多少？
    f1 = 1
    f2 = 1
    for i in range(1,22):
        print ('%12ld %12ld' % (f1,f2),)
        if (i % 3) == 0:
            print ('')
        f1 = f1 + f2
        f2 = f1 + f2
    
    #5-3
    alien_color = ['green','red','yellow']
    if 'green' in alien_color:
        print('You have 5 point.')
    else:
        print('NO!')

6.1

#字典
    alien = {
       'color':'green','points':'5'}
    print(alien['color'])
    print(alien['points'])

6.2

#字典的使用
    #访问字典中的值
    alien = {
       'color':'red',
             'points':'10'}
    point = alien['points']
    print(alien['color'])
    print('You just earned '+ str(point)+" point.")
    
    print()
    print('====================================')
    #添加键-值对
    alien = {
       'color':'red',
             'points':'10'}
    print(alien)
    alien['x_position'] = 0
    alien['y_position'] =25
    print(alien)
    
    #创建空字典
    alien={}
    alien['color'] = 'green'
    alien['points'] = 100
    alien['x_position'] = 0
    alien['y_position'] =25
    print(alien)
    
    
    #修改字典中的值
    alien_0 = {
       'color':'yellow'}
    print('The alien is '+alien_0['color']+'.')
    
    alien_0['color'] = 'red'#改变了值
    print('The alien is now '+alien_0['color']+'.')
    
    print()
    print('====================================')
    
    alien = {
       'x_p':0,'y_p':23,'speed':'medium'}
    print("Original x_p:"+str(alien['x_p']))
    
    alien['speed'] = input('speed:')
    #向右移动
    #根据速度移动
    if alien['speed'] == 'slow':
        x_i = 1
    elif alien['speed'] == 'medium':
        x_i = 2
    elif alien['speed'] == 'fast':
        x_i = 3
    
    alien['x_p'] = alien['x_p'] + x_i
    print("New x_p:"+str(alien['x_p']))
    
    
    #删除键-值对(永远删除)
    
    alien = {
       'color':'red',
             'points':'10'}
    print(alien)
    
    del alien['points']
    print(alien)
    
    
    #6-1
    messages = {
       'first_name':'li','last_name':'ming','age':23,'city':'kunming'}
    print('Name:'+messages['first_name'].title()+messages['last_name'].title()+' age:'+str(messages['age'])+' City:'+messages['city'].title())
    
    #6-2
    numbers = {
       'tom':23,'jack':34,'bob':21,'jobs':54,'worker':65}
    print(numbers)

6.3

#遍历字典
    
    user = {
       'username':'efermi',
            'first':'enrico',
            'last':'fermi'}
    
    for key,value in user.items():
        print("\nKey: "+key.title())
        print("Value: "+value.title())
    
    #遍历字典中的所有键
    
    languages = {
       'jen':'python',
                 'sarch':'c',
                 'edward':'ruby',
                 'phli':'python'}
    
    print()
    friends = ['jen','phli']
    for name in languages.keys():
        print(name.title())
        if name in friends:
            print(" Hi "+name.title()+", I see you favorite language is "+languages[name].title()+'!')
    
    print()
    #遍历所有值
    for language in languages.values():
        print(language.title())
    
    
    #运用set()来剔除重复项
    languages = {
       'jen':'python',
                 'sarch':'c',
                 'edward':'ruby',
                 'phli':'python'}
    
    print('The following languages have been mentioned:')
    for language in set(languages.values()):#踢出了重复项python
        print(language.title())

6.4

#嵌套（将一系列的字典储存在列表中，或将一系列的列表储存在字典中）
    alien_0 = {
       'color':'green','points':2}
    alien_1 = {
       'color':'yellow','points':4}
    alien_2 = {
       'color':'red','points':5}
    
    aliens = [alien_0,alien_1,alien_2]
    
    for alien in aliens:
        print(alien)
    
    
    
    #简单小实例
    
    print('=================================')
    print()
    #创建一个用于存储外星人的列表
    aliens = []
    
    #创建30个外星人
    for alien_number in range(30):
        new_alien0 = {
       'color':'green','points':45,'speed':'slow'}
        new_alien1 = {
       'color':'red','points':21,'speed':'fast'}
        aliens.append(new_alien0)
        aliens.append(new_alien1)
    
    #显示前5个外星人
    for alien in aliens[:5]:
        print(alien)
    print('..........')
    
    #显示创建了多少个外星人
    print('Total number of aliens: '+str(len(aliens)))
    
    
    
    
    print()
    print('=================================================')
    #在字典中储存列表
    pizza = {
       'crust':'thick',
             'toppings':['mushrooms','extra cheese']}
    
    print('You ordered a '+pizza['crust']+'-crust pizza '+'with the following toppings.')
    for topping in pizza['toppings']:
        print(topping)
    
    
    
    print()
    print('=================================================')
    
    languages = {
       'jen':['python','ruby'],
                 'sarah':['c'],
                 'edward':['ruby','go'],
                 'phli':['python','haskell']}
    for name ,language in languages.items():
        print('\n'+name.title()+"'s favorite language are:")
        for lang in language:
            print('\t'+lang.title())

感谢阅览！！！！