CouchDB安装以及使用

Dear 丶 2022-05-24 01:12 218阅读 0赞

## 系统 ##

[root@fabric-cli ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

## 安装 ##

**安装rpm仓库**

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/bintray-apache-couchdb-rpm.repo
    
    [bintray--apache-couchdb-rpm]
    name=bintray--apache-couchdb-rpm
    baseurl=http://apache.bintray.com/couchdb-rpm/el$releasever/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=0
    repo_gpgcheck=0
    enabled=1

**安装CouchDB**

sudo yum update -y && yum -y install epel-release && yum install couchdb

默认安装路径

/opt/couchdb

如果你是base系统，就要安装以下依赖，不是就略过

sudo yum install autoconf autoconf-archive automake \
        curl-devel erlang-asn1 erlang-erts erlang-eunit gcc-c++ \
        erlang-os_mon erlang-xmerl erlang-erl_interface help2man \
        js-devel-1.8.5 libicu-devel libtool perl-Test-Harness
        sudo yum install erlang-reltool

依赖，非base系统略过

Erlang OTP (>=R16B03, =<19.x)
    ICU
    OpenSSL
    Mozilla SpiderMonkey (1.8.5)
    GNU Make
    GNU Compiler Collection
    libcurl
    help2man
    Python (>=2.7) for docs
    Python Sphinx (>=1.1.3)

修改配置文件，配置文件相关参数说明请参考[Configuration files][]

[root@fabric-cli etc]# pwd
    /opt/couchdb/etc
    [root@fabric-cli etc]# ls -l
    总用量 36
    drwxr-xr-x 2 couchdb couchdb    42 5月  17 15:02 default.d
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 couchdb couchdb 21567 5月  17 16:01 default.ini
    drwxr-xr-x 2 couchdb couchdb    20 5月  17 15:02 local.d
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 couchdb couchdb  4655 5月  17 15:52 local.ini
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 couchdb couchdb  1793 11月  8 2017 vm.args
    
    vi default.ini
    ...
    port = 5984
    bind_address = 0.0.0.0 //把127.0.0.1修改为0.0.0.0
    backlog = 512
    docroot = ./share/www
    ...

**非后台启动**

sudo -i -u couchdb /opt/couchdb/bin/couchdb

启动成功，访问 localhost:5984 或者nodeIp:5984  
![success][]

访问fauxton([http://10.4.93.141:5984/\_utils/][http_10.4.93.141_5984_utils])，详细请参考[fauxton][]  
![su][]

可以通过fauxton对couchdb进行CRUD,具体使用教程请参考[fauxton][]

还可以通过命令行调用couchdb API进行操作couchdb

**后台启动**  
下载以及安装过程可以参考[runit][],也可以通过以下命令安装,也可以参考[学习笔记][Link 1]

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/imeyer/runit/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash
    yum install runit-2.1.1-7.el7.centos.x86_64

//启动
    runsvdir -P /etc/service
    //查看是否运行runit
    [root@fabric-cli couchdb]# ps -ef | grep runsvdir
    [root@fabric-cli sv]# ps -ef | grep runsvdir
    root      1569  1512  0 17:21 pts/1    00:00:00 runsvdir -P /etc/service
    root      1609  1495  0 17:22 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto runsvdir
    
    //创建日志文件夹
    mkdir -p /var/log/couchdb 
    sudo chown couchdb:couchdb /var/log/couchdb
    
    //创建runit工作目录
    mkdir -p /etc/sv/couchdb
    mkdir -p /etc/sv/couchdb/logs
    
    
    vi /etc/sv/couchdb/log/run
    #!/bin/sh
    exec svlogd -tt /var/log/couchdb
    
    vi /etc/sv/couchdb/run
    
    #!/bin/sh
    export HOME=/opt/couchdb
    exec 2>&1
    exec chpst -u couchdb /opt/couchdb/bin/couchdb
    
    
    sudo chmod u+x /etc/sv/couchdb/log/run
    sudo chmod u+x /etc/sv/couchdb/run
    
    sudo ln -s /etc/sv/couchdb/ /etc/service/couchdb
    
    
    [root@fabric-cli sv]# sv status couchdb
    run: couchdb: (pid 1571) 141s
    
    sudo sv stop couchdb
    
    sudo sv start couchdb
    
    [root@fabric-cli logs]# cd /var/log/couchdb
    [root@fabric-cli couchdb]# ls -l
    总用量 31296
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 couchdb couchdb 27942313 5月  23 17:26 couchdb.log
    -rwxr--r-- 1 root    root           0 5月  23 16:01 current
    -rw------- 1 root    root           0 5月  23 16:01 lock
    [root@fabric-cli couchdb]# pwd
    /var/log/couchdb
    
    
    [root@fabric-cli etc]# sv start couchdb
    ok: run: couchdb: (pid 1624) 0s

后台启动成功  
![runit01][]  
**从命令行执行CRUD操作**

创建用户  
![创建][70]  
创建数据库

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X PUT http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database -u "admin:admin"
    {
       "ok":true}

查看数据库信息  
![qinzhao][]

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/_all_dbs
    ["qinzhao_database","qinzhaodemo","todos","verifytestdb","verifytestdb_replicate"]

创建文档

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X POST -d '{
       "todo":"task 1", "done":false}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database -H "Content-Type:application/json"
    {
       "ok":true,"id":"4aa6e557448d76ce68097089b4000833","rev":"1-2fc1d70532433c39c9f61480607e3681"}

查看文档  
![qinzhao01][]

**用指定的ID创建**

创建一个ID为random\_task的文档：

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X POST -d '{
       "_id":"random_task", "todo":"task 2", "done":false}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database -H "Content-Type:application/json"
    {
       "ok":true,"id":"random_task","rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44"}

![qinzhao09][]

创建多个文档

curl -X POST -d '{
       "docs": [{
       "todo":"task 3", "done":false}, {
       "todo":"task 4", "done":false}]}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/_bulk_docs -H "Content-Type:application/json"

[root@fabric-cli ~]#  curl -X POST -d '{
       "docs": [{
       "todo":"task 3", "done":false}, {
       "todo":"task 4", "done":false}]}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/_bulk_docs -H "Content-Type:application/json"
    [{
       "ok":true,"id":"4aa6e557448d76ce68097089b4001ac1","rev":"1-778fd61f8f460d0c1df1bb174279489d"},{
       "ok":true,"id":"4aa6e557448d76ce68097089b4002343","rev":"1-dc9e84861bba58e5cfefeed8f5133636"}]

读取文件

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/random_task
    {
       "_id":"random_task","_rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44","todo":"task 2","done":false}
    
    [root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/4aa6e557448d76ce68097089b4002343
    {
       "_id":"4aa6e557448d76ce68097089b4002343","_rev":"1-dc9e84861bba58e5cfefeed8f5133636","todo":"task 4","done":false}

更新文档

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/random_task
    {
       "_id":"random_task","_rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44","todo":"task 2","done":false}
    
    [root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X PUT -d '{
       "_rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44", "todo":"task 2", "done":true}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/random_task
    {
       "ok":true,"id":"random_task","rev":"2-4cc3dfb6e76befd665faf124b36b7f1c"}
    
    [root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/random_task
    {
       "_id":"random_task","_rev":"2-4cc3dfb6e76befd665faf124b36b7f1c","todo":"task 2","done":true}

**删除文档**  
使用HTTP DELETE请求要指定包含这个新的rev值来删除这个文档，如下所示：

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X POST -d '{
       "_id":"qinzhaoID", "todo":"task 2", "done":false}' http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database -H "Content-Type:application/json"
    {
       "ok":true,"id":"qinzhaoID","rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44"}
    
    [root@fabric-cli ~]#     curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/qinzhaoID
    {
       "_id":"qinzhaoID","_rev":"1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44","todo":"task 2","done":false}
    
    [root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X DELETE http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/qinzhaoID?rev=1-bceeae3c4a9154c87db1649473316e44
    {
       "ok":true,"id":"qinzhaoID","rev":"2-333ecb649463a4938ffbb416916be2f8"}
    [root@fabric-cli ~]#     curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/qinzhao_database/qinzhaoID
    {
       "error":"not_found","reason":"deleted"}

查看集群设置\_cluster\_setup

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/_cluster_setup -u "admin:admin"
    {
       "state":"cluster_enabled"}

查看集群成员

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/_membership -u "admin:admin"
    {
       "all_nodes":["couchdb@127.0.0.1"],"cluster_nodes":["couchdb@127.0.0.1"]}

获取调度job

[root@fabric-cli ~]# curl -X GET http://localhost:5984/_scheduler/jobs -u "admin:admin"
    {
       "total_rows":0,"offset":0,"jobs":[]}

更多请参考[CouchDB API][]

参考:  
[Installation][]  
[CouchDB快速入门][CouchDB]  
[CouchDB API][]

[Configuration files]: http://docs.couchdb.org/en/2.1.1/config/intro.html
[success]: /images/20220524/b102c597c68a4263bf49549bbe9c0088.png
[http_10.4.93.141_5984_utils]: http://10.4.93.141:5984/_utils/
[fauxton]: http://docs.couchdb.org/en/2.1.1/fauxton/install.html
[su]: /images/20220524/42d561065a544d9c97be6b67b80a85c7.png
[runit]: http://smarden.org/runit/runit-2.1.2.tar.gz
[Link 1]: https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/80422053
[runit01]: /images/20220524/dd782250d1374019978926b5b4c5bc77.png
[70]: /images/20220524/9d5b9a8af9b5486493309deafdd45062.png
[qinzhao]: /images/20220524/41d6591dbc2d46a7ae17f85f0b5cd4a9.png
[qinzhao01]: /images/20220524/f4262ed7f26c417fa6e225ae8f142824.png
[qinzhao09]: /images/20220524/c855900c03704ab3875be908761a332a.png
[CouchDB API]: http://docs.couchdb.org/en/2.1.1/api/index.html
[Installation]: http://docs.couchdb.org/en/2.1.1/install/index.html
[CouchDB]: https://www.yiibai.com/couchdb/quick-start.html