SSM框架——Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis的搭建教程

灰太狼 2022-05-24 05:12 168阅读 0赞

##  ##

**一：概述**  
SSM框架在项目开发中经常使用到，相比于SSH框架，它在仅几年的开发中运用的更加广泛。

*  Spring作为一个轻量级的框架，有很多的拓展功能，最主要的我们一般项目使用的就是IOC和AOP。
 *  SpringMVC是Spring实现的一个Web层，相当于Struts的框架，但是比Struts更加灵活和强大！
 *  Mybatis是 一个持久层的框架，在使用上相比Hibernate更加灵活，可以控制sql的编写，使用 XML或注解进行相关的配置！

根据上面的描述，学习SSM框架就非常的重要了！

**二：搭建一个SSM的过程**

1.  使用Maven管理项目  
    使用Maven在Eclipse中创建一个webapp的项目 ，具体的创建过程不做演示，如有不会创建的[\[创建项目\]][Link 1]  
    也可以使用Maven命令进行创建，在Dos窗口进入指定的目录，执行下面命令：

mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=org.ssm.dufy -DartifactId=ssm-demo -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false

使用命令要注意，系统安装了Maven，并配置好了环境变量！[\[Maven的安装和环境变量配置\]][Maven]

1.  导入项目（命名创建），添加依赖  
    导入项目是IDE中，或者直接在IDE创建，一般默认有【src/main/java】，手动创建【src/test/resources】、【src/test/java】文件夹。
    
    如下项目结构：
    
    ![980463-20170220205953148-861278637.png][]
    
    然后直接配置 pom.xml文件中的包依赖！

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.dufy</groupId> <artifactId>ssm</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>ssmDemo</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version> <mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <mysql.version>5.1.35</mysql.version> </properties> <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>0.2.23</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.1.41</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.logback-extensions</groupId> <artifactId>logback-ext-spring</artifactId> <version>0.1.1</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.0</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.2-b01</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>ssmDemo</finalName> </build> </project>

1.  创建数据库和表，生成代码  
    创建数据库我参考别人的博客数据库设计，这块没有自己去书写，直接添上代码

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_t`;  
      
    CREATE TABLE `user_t` (  
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `user_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,  
      `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,  
      `age` int(4) NOT NULL,  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;  
      
    /*Data for the table `user_t` */  
      
    insert  into `user_t`(`id`,`user_name`,`password`,`age`) values (1,'测试','sfasgfaf',24)

生成代码请查看：

[\[Mybatis自动生成代码\]][Mybatis]

生成的代码导入图片解释：

![980463-20170220210026913-737561532.png][]

1.  Spring 和 mybatis整合，连接数据库,进行Junit测试  
    将生成的代码拷贝到项目中，然后进行Spring和Mybatis的整合，添加配置文件！  
    ![980463-20170220210054273-1891454118.png][]

主要有  
applicationContent.xml ：Spring的相关配置！  
Spring-mhbatis.xml ： Spring和Mybatis集成配置！  
jdbc.properties : 数据库信息配置！  
logback.xml : 日志输出信息配置！（**不做介绍，详细信息查看源码**）

主要介绍applicationContext.xml、Spring-mhbatis.xml、jdbc.properties。主要内容如下：

**jdbc.properties**

jdbc_driverClassName =com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    jdbc_username=root
    jdbc_password=root

**applicationContext.xml**

**spring-mybatis.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">  <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">  <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>  <property name="initialSize" value="10"/> <property name="minIdle" value="10"/> <property name="maxActive" value="50"/>  <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>  <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />  <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" /> <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" /> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" /> <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />  <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="false" /> <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20" />  <property name="filters" value="wall,stat" /> </bean>  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:org/ssm/dufy/mapper/*.xml"></property> </bean>  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="org.ssm.dufy.dao" /> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property> </bean>   <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean>    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>

![980463-20170220210123132-1638869531.png][]

测试代码，两种方式：

测试1：

package org.ssm.dufy.service;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    
    /** * 配置spring和junit整合，junit启动时加载springIOC容器 spring-test,junit */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    // 告诉junit spring配置文件
    @ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
    public class IUserServiceTest {
    
        @Autowired
        public IUserService userService;
        
        @Test
        public void getUserByIdTest(){
         
            User user = userService.getUserById(1);
            System.out.println(user.getUserName());
        }
        
    }

测试2：

package org.ssm.dufy.service;
    
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    
    public class IUserServiceTest2 {
    
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ApplicationContext application = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            IUserService uService = (IUserService) application.getBean("userService");
            User user = uService.getUserById(1);
            System.out.println(user.getUserName());
        }
    }

5：整合SpringMVC，添加配置，创建jsp  
SpringMVC需要的依赖在pom.xml中已经加上了，现在需在Web项目中的web.xml中添加启动SpringMVC启动配置和Spring整合SpringMVC的配置了。  
新增如下两个文件：

![980463-20170220210144116-1214552035.png][]

**spring-mvc.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">  <context:component-scan base-package="org.ssm.dufy.web" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven />   <bean id="contentNegotiationManager" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">  <property name="favorPathExtension" value="true"/>  <property name="favorParameter" value="true"/> <property name="parameterName" value="format"/>  <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="false"/> <property name="mediaTypes">  <value> json=application/json xml=application/xml html=text/html </value> </property>  <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html"/> </bean>  <mvc:default-servlet-handler />  <mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/"/>  <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp"/> </beans>

**web.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app> <display-name>SSM-DEMO</display-name>  <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>   <filter> <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>  <context-param> <param-name>logbackConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:logback.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>ch.qos.logback.ext.spring.web.LogbackConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>  <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>  <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

新增index.jsp文件

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%> <!doctype html> <html> <body> <h2>Hello World!</h2> </body> </html>

6.启动web服务，测试  
将上面的项目添加到Tomcat中，启动，控制台没有报错，并在地址栏访问，[http://localhost:8080/ssm。页面显示][http_localhost_8080_ssm] Hello World! 项目配置ok！

7：编写Controller，和对应得业务界面  
**新增UserController** ，通过参数传递uid获取用户，若用户存在，跳转到showName.jsp ，若用户不存在，则跳转到error.jsp,并返回提示信息！

package org.ssm.dufy.web;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    import org.ssm.dufy.entity.User;
    import org.ssm.dufy.service.IUserService;
    
    @Controller
    public class UserController {
    
        @Autowired
        private IUserService userService;
        
        @RequestMapping(value="/showname",method=RequestMethod.GET)
        public String showUserName(@RequestParam("uid") int uid,HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
            System.out.println("showname");
            User user = userService.getUserById(uid);
            if(user != null){
                request.setAttribute("name", user.getUserName());
                model.addAttribute("mame", user.getUserName());
                return "showName";
            }
            request.setAttribute("error", "没有找到该用户！");
            return "error";
        }
    }

Jsp内容如下：

![980463-20170220210158445-1835490626.png][]

**showName.jsp**

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%> <!doctype html> <html> <head> <title>show name</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome</h1> ${name }<h1>访问此页面</h1> </body> </html>

**error.jsp**

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%> <!doctype html> <html> <head> <title>error page</title> </head> <body> <h2> ${error } </h2> </body> </html>

**三：遇到的问题**

1:找不到UserService，报错

> 可能是包扫描路径的问题，检查一下Service是否在扫描的范围内

2：jsp接收不到request.setAttribute("","");内容

> 查资料说是因为 JSP的版本问题，可以在Jsp 上面添加 <%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>  
> 或者修改web.xml ,添加version版本！

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0" metadata-complete="true">

**四：心得总结**  
或许这些都是站在别人的基础的搭建的，但是看一篇SSM的搭建文章可能很快，看完觉得自己懂了，但是我建议一定要自己去搭建一次，看一遍，和动手做一遍完全是两个概念！

**五：参考文章**

[SSM框架——详细整合教程（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）][SSM_Spring_SpringMVC_MyBatis]

[Mybatis3.x与Spring4.x整合][Mybatis3.x_Spring4.x]

**附：  
项目源代码**：  
[https://github.com/dufyun/learn-tech-collection/tree/master/ssm][https_github.com_dufyun_learn-tech-collection_tree_master_ssm]  
\----------  
欢迎访问我的csdn博客，我们一同成长！

"不管做什么，只要坚持下去就会看到不一样！在路上，不卑不亢!"  
[http://blog.csdn.net/u010648555][http_blog.csdn.net_u010648555]

本文为博主-阿飞(dufy)-原创文章，未经博主允许可转载，但请标明出处，谢谢！

分类: [Spring&SpringMVC][Spring_SpringMVC]

标签: [SSM框架][SSM], [SpringMVC][], [Spring][], [Mybatis][Mybatis 1]

[Link 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/u010648555/article/details/53143125
[Maven]: http://blog.csdn.net/u010648555/article/details/53143096
[980463-20170220205953148-861278637.png]: /images/20220524/1e124da1e2514985b93dcf50189c7c85.png
[Mybatis]: http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/23912615
[980463-20170220210026913-737561532.png]: /images/20220524/3a533231fc654436a76592f1e53731da.png
[980463-20170220210054273-1891454118.png]: /images/20220524/10ae230fb26345ee97f223f3a5aa8a40.png
[980463-20170220210123132-1638869531.png]: /images/20220524/642d34d245714b25b5804f659ba198b5.png
[980463-20170220210144116-1214552035.png]: /images/20220524/633f9979812544c0822194d4d47582ed.png
[http_localhost_8080_ssm]: http://localhost:8080/ssm%E3%80%82%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA
[980463-20170220210158445-1835490626.png]: /images/20220524/f9714e56329241d18a1c137785cbd0dc.png
[SSM_Spring_SpringMVC_MyBatis]: http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/37956105
[Mybatis3.x_Spring4.x]: http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4271627.html
[https_github.com_dufyun_learn-tech-collection_tree_master_ssm]: https://github.com/dufyun/learn-tech-collection/tree/master/ssm
[http_blog.csdn.net_u010648555]: http://blog.csdn.net/u010648555
[Spring_SpringMVC]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/category/947158.html
[SSM]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/tag/SSM%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6/
[SpringMVC]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/tag/SpringMVC/
[Spring]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/tag/Spring/
[Mybatis 1]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aflyun/tag/Mybatis/