Redis-cli 常用命令与实例

清疚 2022-05-24 12:59 553阅读 0赞

*   *  1. 字符串相关操作
        
         *  1. 设置值(set key value)
         *  2. 获取值(get key), 删除(del key)
         *  3. 不存在才设置，否则返回0 (setnx key value)
         *  4. 设置有效期(setex key seconds value)
         *  5. 字符串替换(setrange key offset value)
         *  6. 一次设置多个值(mset key value \[key value …\])
         *  7. 先获取后设置(getset key value)
         *  8. 对某个值递增或递减(incr key,decr key)
         *  9. 指定长度增加或减少(incrby key increment,decrby key increment)
         *  10. 字符串追加(append key value)
         *  11. 获取字符串长度(strlen key)
     *  2. Hash 类型
        
         *  1. 设置或取值(hset key field value,hget key field)
         *  2. 批量设置或获取(hmset ,hmget)
         *  3. 不存在才设置(hsetnx key field value)
         *  4. 判断key 在hash中是否存在(hexists key field)
         *  5. 集合递增(hincrby)
         *  6. 集合field个数(hlen), (hkeys)返回hash中所有field
         *  7. 删除hash指定field(hdel)
         *  8. 获取hash中所有值(hvals key)
         *  9. 获取hash中key和value(hgetall key)
     *  3. List 类型操作
        
         *  1. lpush 左端添加，相当于栈先进后出
         *  2. rpush 右端添加，相当于在队尾添加元素
         *  3. 插入元素(linsert key before|after pivot value)
         *  4. 指定下标元素替换(lset key index value)
         *  5. 删除元素(lrem key count value)
         *  6. 保留指定范围内的数据(rtrim key start stop)
         *  7. lpop 从左端弹出元素
         *  8. rpop 从右端弹出元素
         *  9 rpoplpush 右端弹出左端添加
         *  10. lindex 返回List中索引为index的元素
         *  11. llen 返回List中元素个数
     *  4. Set和ZSet集合
        
         *  1. 添加元素(sadd key member \[member…\])
         *  2. 删除元素(srem key member \[member…\])
         *  3. spop 随机弹出元素(spop key)
         *  4. 集合不同元素,前面那个为标准(sdiff key key…)
         *  5. sdiffstore 将返回的不同元素存储到新的集合中
         *  6. 取集合交集(sinter key \[key…\])
         *  7. 集合取并集(sunion key \[key…\])
         *  8. 移动集合中元素(smove source destination member)
         *  9. 查看集合中元素个数(scard key)
         *  10. 集合是否包含元素(sismember key member)
         *  11. 随机返回set中元素（srandmember key count）
         *  12. ZSet 添加元素
         *  13. Zset删除元素(zrem key member \[member…\])
         *  14. 自动递增或递减(zincrby key increment member)
         *  15. 查找根据分数区间范围(zrangebyscore )
         *  16. 根据索引号范围删除(zremrangebyrank)
         *  17. 根据分数范围删除(zremrangebyscore)
         *  18. 返回Zset元素索引号(zrank key member)
         *  19. 根据分数范围查找(zrangebyscore )
         *  20. Zset元素个数(zcard key)
         *  21. Zset分数在指定范围元素个数(zcount key min max)
         *  22. 根据索引范围删除(zremrangebyrank key start stop)

## 1. 字符串相关操作 ##

### 1. 设置值(set key value) ###

# set key value [EX seconds] [PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]
    127.0.0.1:6379> set name test1
    OK

### 2. 获取值(get key), 删除(del key) ###

# get key
    127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "test1"

### 3. 不存在才设置，否则返回0 (setnx key value) ###

# setnx key value
    127.0.0.1:6379> setnx name test2
    (integer) 0

### 4. 设置有效期(setex key seconds value) ###

# setex key seconds value
    127.0.0.1:6379> setex test1 10 test1
    OK

### 5. 字符串替换(setrange key offset value) ###

# setrange key offset value
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> set email 123456789@qq.com
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> setrange email 10 ww
    (integer) 16
    127.0.0.1:6379> get email
    "123456789@ww.com"

### 6. 一次设置多个值(mset key value \[key value …\]) ###

# mset key value [key value ...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> mset test1 test1 test2 test2 test3 test3
    OK
    # mget key [key...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> mget test1 test2 test3
    1) "test1"
    2) "test2"
    3) "test3"

### 7. 先获取后设置(getset key value) ###

# getset key value
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> getset test1 test@1
    "test1"
    127.0.0.1:6379> get test1
    "test@1"

### 8. 对某个值递增或递减(incr key,decr key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> set index 1
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> incr index
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> decr index
    (integer) 1

### 9. 指定长度增加或减少(incrby key increment,decrby key increment) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> incrby index 3
    (integer) 4
    127.0.0.1:6379> decrby index 2
    (integer) 2

### 10. 字符串追加(append key value) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "test1"
    # append key value
    127.0.0.1:6379> append name test
    (integer) 9
    127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "test1test"

### 11. 获取字符串长度(strlen key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "test1test"
    127.0.0.1:6379> strlen name
    (integer) 9

## 2. Hash 类型 ##

### 1. 设置或取值(hset key field value,hget key field) ###

# hset key field value
    127.0.0.1:6379> hset user id 1
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> hset user name zhangsan
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> hset user age 18
    (integer) 1
    # hget key field
    # 注意，取值的时候需要指定hash中的field
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user
    (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'hget' command
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user name
    "zhangsan"
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user id
    "1"
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user age
    "18"

### 2. 批量设置或获取(hmset ,hmget) ###

# hmset key field value [field value ...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> hmset user1 id 10 name lisi age 18
    OK
    # 获取时也必须要指定field
    127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user1
    (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'hmget' command
    # hmget key field [field ...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user1 id name age
    1) "10"
    2) "lisi"
    3) "18"

### 3. 不存在才设置(hsetnx key field value) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user id age name
    1) "1"
    2) "18"
    3) "zhangsan"
    # user 已经存在id，在设置返回0标示失败
    127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx user id 2
    (integer) 0
    127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user id age name
    1) "1"
    2) "18"
    3) "zhangsan"
    # user 不存在sex，返回1设置成功
    127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx user sex 1
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user id age name sex
    1) "1"
    2) "18"
    3) "zhangsan"
    4) "1"

### 4. 判断key 在hash中是否存在(hexists key field) ###

# 存在返回1，不存在返回0
    127.0.0.1:6379> hexists user id
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> hexists user score
    (integer) 0

### 5. 集合递增(hincrby) ###

# hincrby key field increment
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user id
    "2"
    127.0.0.1:6379> hincrby user id 1
    (integer) 3
    127.0.0.1:6379> hget user id
    "3"

### 6. 集合field个数(hlen), (hkeys)返回hash中所有field ###

127.0.0.1:6379> hlen user
    (integer) 4
    127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys user
    1) "id"
    2) "name"
    3) "age"
    4) "sex"

### 7. 删除hash指定field(hdel) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys user
    1) "id"
    2) "name"
    3) "age"
    4) "sex"
    # hdel key field
    127.0.0.1:6379> hdel user sex
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys user
    1) "id"
    2) "name"
    3) "age"

### 8. 获取hash中所有值(hvals key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> hvals user
    1) "3"
    2) "zhangsan"
    3) "18"

### 9. 获取hash中key和value(hgetall key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall user 
    1) "id"
    2) "3"
    3) "name"
    4) "zhangsan"
    5) "age"
    6) "18"

## 3. List 类型操作 ##

> 可以使用List实现队列或者栈，可理解为横向数组，取数据从左端取  
> List 下标从左往右 0,1,2,3…; 从右往左 -1,-2,-3,-4…

### 1. lpush 左端添加，相当于栈先进后出 ###

# lpush 依次添加到list左端
    # lpush key value [value...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list1 hello world
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "hello"

### 2. rpush 右端添加，相当于在队尾添加元素 ###

# rpush 在List右端添加元素
    # rpush key value [value...]
    127.0.0.1:6379> rpush list2 hello world
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list2 0 -1
    1) "hello"
    2) "world"

### 3. 插入元素(linsert key before|after pivot value) ###

# linsert key before|after pivot value
    127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list1 before 'hello' test
    (integer) 3
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "test"
    3) "hello"

### 4. 指定下标元素替换(lset key index value) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "test"
    3) "hello"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lset list1 1 test1
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "test1"
    3) "hello"

### 5. 删除元素(lrem key count value) ###

> count > 0 从左往右 删除count个  
> count < 0 从右往左 删除count个  
> count = 0 删除所有匹配

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "test2"
    3) "world"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrem list1 1 test2
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list1 0 -1
    1) "world"
    2) "world"

### 6. 保留指定范围内的数据(rtrim key start stop) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> rpush lists i love java hello world
    (integer) 5
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "hello"
    5) "world"
    127.0.0.1:6379> ltrim lists 0 3
    OK
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "hello"

### 7. lpop 从左端弹出元素 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "hello"
    5) "world"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lpop lists
    "i"

### 8. rpop 从右端弹出元素 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "hello"
    5) "world"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lpop lists
    "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> rpop lists
    "world"

### 9 rpoplpush 右端弹出左端添加 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "love"
    2) "java"
    3) "hello"
    # rpoplpush source destination
    127.0.0.1:6379> rpoplpush lists lists
    "hello"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "hello"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"

### 10. lindex 返回List中索引为index的元素 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "java"
    2) "love"
    3) "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lindex lists 0
    "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lindex lists -1
    "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lindex lists -2
    "love"
    127.0.0.1:6379> lindex lists -3
    "java"

### 11. llen 返回List中元素个数 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange lists 0 -1
    1) "java"
    2) "love"
    3) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> llen lists
    (integer) 3

## 4. Set和ZSet集合 ##

> set 无序，Zset有序；元素不能重复，可以做集合操作交集、并集、差集

### 1. 添加元素(sadd key member \[member…\]) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set1 i love java
    (integer) 3
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "love"
    2) "java"
    3) "i"

### 2. 删除元素(srem key member \[member…\]) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "love"
    2) "java"
    3) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> srem set1 i love
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "java"

### 3. spop 随机弹出元素(spop key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set1
    1) "love"
    2) "c++"
    3) "i"
    4) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> spop set1
    "love"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"

### 4. 集合不同元素,前面那个为标准(sdiff key key…) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set1 set2
    1) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set2 set1
    1) "love"
    2) "python"

### 5. sdiffstore 将返回的不同元素存储到新的集合中 ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore set3 set2 set1
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set3
    1) "love"
    2) "python"

### 6. 取集合交集(sinter key \[key…\]) ###

> sinterstore 取交集并存在新的set中

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> sinter set1 set2
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"

### 7. 集合取并集(sunion key \[key…\]) ###

> sunionstore 取并集并存储到新的set中

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> sunion set1 set2
    1) "love"
    2) "c++"
    3) "i"
    4) "python"
    5) "java"

### 8. 移动集合中元素(smove source destination member) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> smove set1 set2 java
    (integer) 1
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    5) "java"

### 9. 查看集合中元素个数(scard key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set1
    1) "c++"
    2) "i"
    127.0.0.1:6379> scard set1
    (integer) 2

### 10. 集合是否包含元素(sismember key member) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "python"
    2) "love"
    3) "c++"
    4) "i"
    5) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set2 i
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set2 c
    (integer) 0

### 11. 随机返回set中元素（srandmember key count） ###

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "love"
    2) "i"
    3) "c++"
    4) "python"
    5) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember set2 2
    1) "i"
    2) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set2
    1) "love"
    2) "i"
    3) "c++"
    4) "python"
    5) "java"

### 12. ZSet 添加元素 ###

> ZSet 中添加元素：zadd key \[NX|XX\] \[CH\] \[INCR\] score member \[score member …\]
> 
> 显示zset中元素：zrange key start stop \[WITHSCORES\]

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 1 i 2 love 3 java 4 c++ 5 python
    (integer) 5
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "c++"
    5) "python"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset 0 -1 withscores
    (empty list or set)
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
     1) "i"
     2) "1"
     3) "love"
     4) "2"
     5) "java"
     6) "3"
     7) "c++"
     8) "4"
     9) "python"
    10) "5"

### 13. Zset删除元素(zrem key member \[member…\]) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "c++"
    5) "python"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrem zset1 i
    (integer) 1
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "love"
    2) "java"
    3) "c++"
    4) "python"

### 14. 自动递增或递减(zincrby key increment member) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
    1) "java"
    2) "3"
    3) "c++"
    4) "4"
    5) "python"
    6) "5"
    7) "love"
    8) "8"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby zset1 10 love
    "18"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
    1) "java"
    2) "3"
    3) "c++"
    4) "4"
    5) "python"
    6) "5"
    7) "love"
    8) "18"
    
    127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby zset1 -5 love
    "13"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
    1) "java"
    2) "3"
    3) "c++"
    4) "4"
    5) "python"
    6) "5"
    7) "love"
    8) "13"

### 15. 查找根据分数区间范围(zrangebyscore ) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
     1) "java"
     2) "3"
     3) "c++"
     4) "4"
     5) "python"
     6) "5"
     7) "age"
     8) "10"
     9) "love"
    10) "13"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset1 5 20
    1) "python"
    2) "age"
    3) "love"

### 16. 根据索引号范围删除(zremrangebyrank) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd zset1 1 i 2 love 3 java 4 python 5 c++ 6 c
    (integer) 6
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "python"
    5) "c++"
    6) "c"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank zset1 0 1
    (integer) 2
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "java"
    2) "python"
    3) "c++"
    4) "c"

### 17. 根据分数范围删除(zremrangebyscore) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
    1) "java"
    2) "3"
    3) "python"
    4) "4"
    5) "c++"
    6) "5"
    7) "c"
    8) "6"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyscore zset1 3 5
    (integer) 3
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1
    1) "c"

### 18. 返回Zset元素索引号(zrank key member) ###

> zrevrank key member 按照倒序方式获取索引

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "python"
    5) "c++"
    6) "c"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrank zset2 python
    (integer) 3

### 19. 根据分数范围查找(zrangebyscore ) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1 withscores
     1) "i"
     2) "1"
     3) "love"
     4) "2"
     5) "java"
     6) "3"
     7) "python"
     8) "4"
     9) "c++"
    10) "5"
    11) "c"
    12) "6"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset2 1 3
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset2 1 3 withscores
    1) "i"
    2) "1"
    3) "love"
    4) "2"
    5) "java"
    6) "3"

### 20. Zset元素个数(zcard key) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1
    1) "i"
    2) "love"
    3) "java"
    4) "python"
    5) "c++"
    6) "c"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zcard zset2
    (integer) 6

### 21. Zset分数在指定范围元素个数(zcount key min max) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1 withscores
     1) "i"
     2) "1"
     3) "love"
     4) "2"
     5) "java"
     6) "3"
     7) "python"
     8) "4"
     9) "c++"
    10) "5"
    11) "c"
    12) "6"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zcount zset2 1 3
    (integer) 3

### 22. 根据索引范围删除(zremrangebyrank key start stop) ###

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1 withscores
     1) "i"
     2) "1"
     3) "love"
     4) "2"
     5) "java"
     6) "3"
     7) "python"
     8) "4"
     9) "c++"
    10) "5"
    11) "c"
    12) "6"
    127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank zset2 0 2
    (integer) 3
    127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset2 0 -1 withscores
    1) "python"
    2) "4"
    3) "c++"
    4) "5"
    5) "c"
    6) "6"