[Hadoop] Hive 库表基本操作

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2022-05-25 13:13 294阅读 0赞

**Hive 库表基本操作**

创建数据库

hive> create database if not exists db1;
    hive> create schema if not exists db2;

删除数据库

hive> drop database db2;
    hive> drop schema db1;

创建表

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS employee ( 
    eid int, 
    name String,
    salary String, 
    job string,
    year int)
    COMMENT 'Employee details'
    ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
    FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
    LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
    STORED AS TEXTFILE;

导入数据进表

准备数据文件sample.txt

[root@g12-1 ~]# cat /tmp/sample.txt 
    1201	Gopal	45000	TechnicalManager	2013	
    1202	Manisha	45000	ProofReader	2013
    1203	Masthanvali	40000	TechnicalWriter	2014
    1204	Kiran	40000	HrAdmin	2014
    [root@g12-1 ~]#

导入数据进表

hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH '/tmp/sample.txt' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE employee;
    Loading data to table db1.employee
    Table db1.employee stats: [numFiles=1, numRows=0, totalSize=150, rawDataSize=0]
    OK
    Time taken: 0.354 seconds
    hive> select * from employee;
    OK
    1201	Gopal	45000	TechnicalManager	2013
    1202	Manisha	45000	ProofReader	2013
    1203	Masthanvali	40000	TechnicalWriter	2014
    1204	Kiran	40000	HrAdmin	2014
    Time taken: 0.094 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)
    hive>

**HiveQL**

SELECT...WHERE

hive> select * from employee where salary > 40000;

ORDER BY

hive> select * from employee order by eid;

GROUP BY

hive> select salary,count(salary) from employee group by salary;

SELECT...JOIN

hive> SELECT c.ID, c.NAME, c.AGE, o.AMOUNT FROM CUSTOMERS c JOIN ORDERS o ON (c.ID = o.CUSTOMER_ID);

分区表

Hive的数据库是目录，表也是目录，分区表表目录的子目录

create table xx(...) partitioned by()