Java中映射Map的merge、compute、computeIfAbsent、computeIfPresent基本用法

Love The Way You Lie 2022-05-28 07:07 191阅读 0赞

下面是Java8中Map的一些新方法merge、compute、computeIfAbsent、computeIfPresent介绍。

我们在项目开发中，经常使用map，key有时存在有时不存，我们需要用containsKey方法进行判断，然后再决定如何修改value。 这样比较麻烦。能不能在一个方法调用就完成这些工作呢（如果key存在value（还可以有其他逻辑判断），就do a，如果不存在就do b）？答案是， 当然可以。

下面直接给出示例和运行结果，参看结果就明白各个方法的具体含义了。

import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.function.BiFunction;
    
    /** * @author yqbjtu * @data 2018年3月31日 下午6:24:16 * @version 1.0 * */
    public class MapMain { 
    
    	/** * @param args */
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
    		String keyA = "A";
    		String keyB = "B";
    		String keyC = "C";
    		String keyD = "D";
    		String keyE = "E";
    		String keyF = "F";
    		String keyG = "G";
    		String keyH = "H";
    		myMap.put(keyA, "str01A");
    		myMap.put(keyB, "str01B");
    		myMap.put(keyC, "str01C");
    		
    		System.out.println("myMap initial content:"+ myMap);
    		
    		myMap.merge(keyA, "merge01", String::concat);
    		myMap.merge(keyD, "merge01", String::concat);
    		System.out.println("Map merge demo content:"+ myMap);
    		
    		BiFunction<String, String, String> biFunc = new BiFunction<String, String, String>(){ 
                @Override
                public String apply(String t, String u) { 
                	String result = t;
                	if (t == null) { 
                		result = u;
                	}
                	else { 
                		result += "," + u;
                	}
                    return result;
                }
            };
            
    		myMap.merge(keyA, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
    		myMap.merge(keyE, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
    		System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction merge demo content:"+ myMap);
    		
    		String msg = "msgCompute";
    		myMap.compute(keyB, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
    		myMap.compute(keyF, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
    		System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction compute demo content:"+ myMap);
    		
    		myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyC, k -> genValue(k));
    		myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyG, k -> genValue(k));
    		System.out.println("Map customized Function computeIfAbsent demo content:"+ myMap);
    		
    		myMap.computeIfPresent(keyC, biFunc);
    		myMap.computeIfPresent(keyH, biFunc);
    		System.out.println("Map customized biFunc computeIfPresent demo content:"+ myMap);
    	}
    	
    	static String genValue(String str) {   
            System.out.println("===");  
            return str + "2";  
        }  
    }

运行结果

myMap initial content:{A=str01A, B=str01B, C=str01C}
    Map merge demo content:{A=str01Amerge01, B=str01B, C=str01C, D=merge01}
    Map customized BiFunction merge demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01B, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01}
    Map customized BiFunction compute demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute}
    ===
    Map customized Function computeIfAbsent demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute, G=G2}
    Map customized biFunc computeIfPresent demo content:{A=str01Amerge01,BiFuncMerge01, B=str01BmsgCompute, C=C,str01C, D=merge01, E=BiFuncMerge01, F=msgCompute, G=G2}