Excel和Csv格式文件生成

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-05-28 09:38 194阅读 0赞

在java开发当中，我们免不了要有数据导出，最常见的莫过于Excel和csv了。笔者写下此案例供大家参考。

**1.  maven依赖包**

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<groupId>com.train</groupId>
    	<artifactId>Rz</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>war</packaging>
    
    
    	<properties>
    		<poi.version>3.9</poi.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    			<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    			<version>${poi.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    			<artifactId>poi-excelant</artifactId>
    			<version>${poi.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    			<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
    			<version>${poi.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    			<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
    			<version>${poi.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    			<artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
    			<version>${poi.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    			<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    			<version>3.3.2</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
    			<artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
    			<version>2.6.0</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    			<version>5.1.40</version>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>3.7.0</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<source>1.8</source>
    					<target>1.8</target>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    			<plugin>
    				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>3.0.0</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

**2. 工具类**

package com.rz.util;
    
    
    import java.io.BufferedWriter;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
    import java.lang.reflect.Field;
    import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
    import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
    
    
    /**
     * 利用开源组件POI3.9动态导出EXCEL文档 
     * @param <T>
     *            应用泛型，代表任意一个符合javabean风格的类
     *            注意这里为了简单起见，boolean型的属性xxx的get器方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx()
     *            byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据
     */
    public class ExportExcelUtil {
    	
    	private static final int FLUSH_COUNT=50;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 把结果集导入excel
    	 * @param title
    	 * @param resultSet
    	 * @param out
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public int exportExcelForResultSet(ResultSet resultSet, File file) throws Exception {
    		if(resultSet == null){
    			return 0;
    		}
    		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
    		int rowaccess=100;
    		// 声明一个工作薄
    		SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook(rowaccess); 
    		//获取头部
    		String[] headers = getHeaders(resultSet);
    		Sheet sheet = null;
    		Row row = null;
    		// 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
    		int index = 0;
    		int sheetIndex = 0;
    		int sheetCount = 0;
    		while (resultSet.next()) {
    			if(index%1048575 == 0){
    				sheetCount++;
    				sheet = createSheet("第"+sheetCount+"页", workbook, headers);
    				sheetIndex = 0;
    			}
    			sheetIndex++;
    			index++;
    			row = sheet.createRow(sheetIndex);
    			for (int i = 1; i <= headers.length; i++) {
    				Cell cell = row.createCell(i-1);
    				cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getString(i));
    			}
    			if(index%FLUSH_COUNT == 0){
    				 ((SXSSFSheet)sheet).flushRows();
    			}
    		}
    		workbook.write(out);
    		out.close();
    		return index;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 获取结果集列信息
    	 * @param resultSet
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws SQLException
    	 */
    	private String[] getHeaders(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException{
    		ResultSetMetaData m=null;//获取 列信息
    		m=resultSet.getMetaData();
    	   int columns=m.getColumnCount();
    	   String[] headers = new String[columns];
    	   //显示列,表格的表头
    	   for(int i=1;i<=columns;i++){
    			  headers[i-1] = getColumnName(m.getColumnName(i));
    	   }
    	   return headers;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 获取列名 去除列名前的多余字符(_u1.在线楼盘数-->在线楼盘数)
    	 * @param columnName
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	private String getColumnName(String columnName){
    		if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(columnName)){
    			if(columnName.indexOf(".") != -1){
    				return StringUtils.split(columnName, ".")[1];
    			}
    			return columnName;
    		}
    		return null;
    	}
    	
    	private Sheet createSheet(String title, SXSSFWorkbook workbook,String[] headers) throws SQLException{
    		// 生成一个表格
    		Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
    		// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
    		sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(30);
    		// 生成一个样式
    		CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
    		style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            // 设置单元格字体
            Font headerFont = workbook.createFont(); // 字体
            headerFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)14);
            headerFont.setColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            headerFont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
            headerFont.setFontName("宋体");
            style.setFont(headerFont);
            style.setWrapText(false);
    		// 产生表格标题行
    		Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
    		for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
    			Cell cell = row.createCell(i);
    			cell.setCellStyle(style);
    			cell.setCellValue(headers[i]);
    		}
    		return sheet;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 把结果集导出为csv文件并返回结果记录数
    	 * @param resultSet
    	 * @param file
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public int exportCsv(ResultSet resultSet, File file) throws Exception{
    		 BufferedWriter bw =new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), "GBK")) ;// 附加
    	     // 添加头部
    		 String[] headers = getHeaders(resultSet);
    		 bw.write(StringUtils.join(headers, ","));
    	     bw.newLine();
    	     //添加数据
    	     int index = 0;
    	     StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    	     while (resultSet.next()) {
    			   index++;
    			   for(int i=1;i<=headers.length;i++){
    				   String value = resultSet.getString(i);
    				   if(value != null && !"".equals(value)){
    					   value = value.replaceAll("\\,", "，");
    				   }
    				   if(i == headers.length){
    					   sb.append(value);
    				   }else{
    					   sb.append(value+",");
    				   }
    			   }
    			   bw.write(sb.toString());
    			   sb.setLength(0);
    			   bw.newLine();
    			   if(index%FLUSH_COUNT == 0){
    				   bw.flush();
    			   }
    		 }
    	    bw.close();
    		return index;
    	}
    	
    	public <T> void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers, List<T> dataset , OutputStream out) {
    		// 声明一个工作薄
    		HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
    		// 生成一个表格
    		HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
    		// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
    		sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(30);
    		// 生成一个样式
    		HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
    		setHeaderCellStyle(style, workbook);
    		// 生成并设置另一个样式
    		HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
    		setBodyCellStyle(style2, workbook);
    		// 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
    		HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
    		// 产生表格标题行
    		HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
    		for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
    			HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
    			cell.setCellStyle(style);
    			HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
    			cell.setCellValue(text);
    		}
    		// 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
    		Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
    		int index = 0;
    		while (it.hasNext()) {
    			index++;
    			row = sheet.createRow(index);
    			T t = (T) it.next();
    			// 利用反射，根据javabean属性的先后顺序，动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
    			Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
    			for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
    				HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
    				cell.setCellStyle(style2);
    				Field field = fields[i];
    				String fieldName = field.getName();
    				String getMethodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
    				try {
    					Class<?> tCls = t.getClass();
    					Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {});
    					Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
    					// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
    					String textValue = null;
    					if (value instanceof Integer) {
    						int intValue = (Integer) value;
    						cell.setCellValue(intValue);
    					} else if (value instanceof Float) {
    						float fValue = (Float) value;
    						textValue = String.valueOf(fValue);
    						cell.setCellValue(textValue);
    					} else if (value instanceof Double) {
    						double dValue = (Double) value;
    						textValue = String.valueOf(dValue);
    						cell.setCellValue(textValue);
    					} else if (value instanceof Long) {
    						long longValue = (Long) value;
    						cell.setCellValue(longValue);
    					}
    					if (value instanceof Boolean) {
    						boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;
    						//需自定义显示数据
    						textValue = "";
    						if (!bValue) {
    							textValue = "";
    						}
    					} else if (value instanceof Date) {
    						Date date = (Date) value;
    						SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
    						textValue = sdf.format(date);
    					} else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    						// 有图片时，设置行高为60px;
    						row.setHeightInPoints(60);
    						// 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算
    						sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));
    						// sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
    						byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;
    						HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6,index);
    						anchor.setAnchorType(2);
    						patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
    					} else {
    						// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
    						textValue = value.toString();
    					}
    					// 如果不是图片数据，就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
    					if (textValue != null) {
    						Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
    						Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
    						if (matcher.matches()) {
    							// 是数字当作double处理
    							cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
    						} else {
    							HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);
    							HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
    							font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
    							richString.applyFont(font3);
    							cell.setCellValue(richString);
    						}
    					}
    				} catch (SecurityException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} finally {
    					// 清理资源
    				}
    			}
    		}
    		try {
    			workbook.write(out);
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 设置内容样式
    	 * @param style
    	 */
    	private void setBodyCellStyle(HSSFCellStyle style,HSSFWorkbook workbook){
    		style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
    		style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
    		style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
    		style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
    		// 生成另一个字体
    		HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
    		font.setFontName("Courier New");
    		font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
    		// 把字体应用到当前的样式
    		style.setFont(font);
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 设置标题样式
    	 * @param style
    	 */
    	private void setHeaderCellStyle(HSSFCellStyle style,HSSFWorkbook workbook){
    		style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.GREY_40_PERCENT.index);
    		style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
    		style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
    		// 设置边框
    		style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
    		// 设置边框颜色
    		style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index); // 设置顶边框颜色;
    		style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index); // 设置底边框颜色;
    		style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);// 设置左边框颜色;
    		style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);// 设置右边框颜色;
    		//设置自动换行
    		style.setWrapText(false);
    		// 生成一个字体
    		HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
    		font.setFontName("Courier New");
    		font.setColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
    		font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
    		font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
    		// 把字体应用到当前的样式
    		style.setFont(font);
    	}
    }

**3 .  测试类**

package com.rz.util;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.sql.*;
    
    public class MySQLDemo {
     
        // JDBC 驱动名及数据库 URL
        static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";  
        static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xxx";
     
        // 数据库的用户名与密码，需要根据自己的设置
        static final String USER = "root";
        static final String PASS = "root";
     
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Connection conn = null;
            Statement stmt = null;
            File file=new  File("C:\\work\\export.xlsx");
            File csvfile=new  File("C:\\work\\export.csv");
            try{
                // 注册 JDBC 驱动
                Class.forName(JDBC_DRIVER);
                // 打开链接
                System.out.println("连接数据库...");
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS);
                // 执行查询
                System.out.println(" 实例化Statement对象...");
                stmt = conn.createStatement();
                String sql = "select login_name, name, password, age,phone FROM user";;
                ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
    //            System.out.println("totalCount:->"+new ExportExcelUtil().exportExcelForResultSet(rs, file));
                System.out.println("totalCount:->"+new ExportExcelUtil().exportCsv(rs, csvfile));
                // 展开结果集数据库
    //            while(rs.next()){
    //                // 通过字段检索
    //            	String login_name  = rs.getString("login_name");
    //                String name  = rs.getString("name");
    //                String password = rs.getString("password");
    //                String age = rs.getString("age");
    //                String phone = rs.getString("phone");
    //            }
                // 完成后关闭
                rs.close();
                stmt.close();
                conn.close();
            }catch(SQLException se){
                // 处理 JDBC 错误
                se.printStackTrace();
            }catch(Exception e){
                // 处理 Class.forName 错误
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally{
                // 关闭资源
                try{
                    if(stmt!=null) stmt.close();
                }catch(SQLException se2){
                }// 什么都不做
                try{
                    if(conn!=null) conn.close();
                }catch(SQLException se){
                    se.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("Goodbye!");
        }
    }

ok，看完上面的例子，相信你对数据的导出已经有了一定的学习了，想要学习更多，请移步[这里][Link 1]。

[Link 1]: https://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html