Android ANR是什么及相应的解决方法

左手的ㄟ右手 2022-05-29 03:46 205阅读 0赞

1、什么是 ANR?

ANR:Application Not Responding，即应用无响应

2、ANR有哪些类型？

ANR一般有三种类型：

1. KeyDispatchTimeout(5 seconds) --主要类型按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应

2. BroadcastTimeout(10 seconds) --BroadcastReceiver在特定时间内无法处理完成

3. ServiceTimeout(20 seconds) --小概率类型 Service在特定的时间内无法处理完成

3、KeyDispatchTimeout：

Akey or touch event was not dispatched within the specified time（按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应）

具体的超时时间的定义在framework下的ActivityManagerService.java

//How long we wait until we timeout on key dispatching.

staticfinal int KEY\_DISPATCHING\_TIMEOUT = 5\*1000

超时原因分析：

超时时间的计数一般是从按键分发给app开始。超时的原因一般有两种：

(1)当前的事件没有机会得到处理（即UI线程正在处理前一个事件，没有及时的完成或者looper被某种原因阻塞住了）

(2)当前的事件正在处理，但没有及时完成

4、BroadcastTimeout及ServiceTimeout：

BroadcastReceive 及Service实际上都是在UI线程中执行，如果在规定的时间内无法完成，就会阻塞主线程。

5、解决方法：

1. UI线程尽量只做跟UI相关的工作

2. 耗时的工作（比如数据库操作，I/O，连接网络或者别的有可能阻碍UI线程的操作）把它放入单独的线程处理

3. 尽量用Handler来处理UIthread和别的thread之间的交互

4.在BroadcastReceive和Service中执行耗时操作时，使用IntentService执行耗时操作

6、 说了那么多的UI线程，那么哪些属于UI线程呢？

UI线程主要包括如下：

1. Activity:onCreate(), onResume(), onDestroy(), onKeyDown(), onClick(),etc

2. AsyncTask: onPreExecute(), onProgressUpdate(), onPostExecute(), onCancel,etc

3. Mainthread handler: handleMessage(), post\*(runnable r), etc

4. other

7、如何去分析ANR?

先看个LOG:

`04-01 13:12:11.572 I/InputDispatcher( 220): Application is not responding:Window{2b263310com.android.email/com.android.email.activity.SplitScreenActivitypaused=false}.`

`` `5009.8ms since event, 5009.5ms since waitstarted`

`` `04-0113:12:11.572 I/WindowManager( 220): Input event`

`` `dispatching timedout sending`

`` `tocom.android.email/com.android.email.activity.SplitScreenActivity`

`` `04-01 13:12:14.123 I/Process( 220): Sending signal. PID: 21404 SIG: 3---发生ANR的时间和生成trace.txt的时间`

`` `04-01 13:12:14.123 I/dalvikvm(21404):threadid=4: reacting to`

`` `signal 3`

`` `……`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): ANR in`

`` `com.android.email(com.android.email/.activity.SplitScreenActivity)`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):`

`` `Reason:keyDispatchingTimedOut`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): Load: 8.68 / 8.37 / 8.53`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): CPUusage from 4361ms to 699ms ago ----CPU在ANR发生前的使用情况`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5%21404/com.android.email: 1.3% user + 4.1% kernel / faults:`

`` `10 minor`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 4.3%220/system_server: 2.7% user + 1.5% kernel / faults: 11`

`` `minor 2 major`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.9%52/spi_qsd.0: 0% user + 0.9% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.5%65/irq/170-cyttsp-: 0% user + 0.5% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.5%296/com.android.systemui: 0.5% user + 0% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 100%TOTAL: 4.8% user + 7.6% kernel + 87% iowait`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): CPUusage from 3697ms to 4223ms later:-- ANR后CPU的使用量`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 25%21404/com.android.email: 25% user + 0% kernel / faults: 191 minor`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 16% 21603/__eas(par.hakan: 16% user + 0% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 7.2% 21406/GC: 7.2% user + 0% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 1.8% 21409/Compiler: 1.8% user + 0% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5%220/system_server: 0% user + 5.5% kernel / faults: 1 minor`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5% 263/InputDispatcher: 0% user + 5.5% kernel`

`` `04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 32%TOTAL: 28% user + 3.7% kernel`

从LOG可以看出ANR的类型，CPU的使用情况，如果CPU使用量接近100%，说明当前设备很忙，有可能是CPU饥饿导致了ANR

如果CPU使用量很少，说明主线程被BLOCK了

如果IOwait很高，说明ANR有可能是主线程在进行I/O操作造成的

除了看LOG，解决ANR还得需要trace.txt文件，

如何获取呢？可以用如下命令获取

$chmod 777 /data/anr

$rm /data/anr/traces.txt

$ps

$kill -3 PID

adbpull data/anr/traces.txt ./mytraces.txt

从trace.txt文件，看到最多的是如下的信息：

`-----pid` `21404` `at` `2011` `-` `04` `-` `01` `13` `:` `12` `:` `14` `-----`

`` `Cmdline: com.android.email`

`` `DALVIK THREADS:`

`` `(mutexes: tll=0tsl=` `0` `tscl=` `0` `ghl=` `0` `hwl=` `0` `hwll=` `0` `)`

`` `"main"` `prio=` `5` `tid=1NATIVE`

`` `| group=` `"main"` `sCount=` `1` `dsCount=0obj=` `0x2aad2248` `self=` `0xcf70`

`` `| sysTid=` `21404` `nice=` `0` `sched=` `0` `/0cgrp=[fopen-error:` `2` `]`

`` `handle=` `1876218976`

`` `atandroid.os.MessageQueue.nativePollOnce(Native Method)`

`` `atandroid.os.MessageQueue.next(MessageQueue.java:` `119` `)`

`` `atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:` `110` `)`

`` `at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:` `3688` `)`

`` `at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)`

`` `atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:` `507` `)`

`` `atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:` `866` `)`

`` `at`

`` `com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:` `624` `)`

`` `at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)`

说明主线程在等待下条消息进入消息队列

8、Thread状态

ThreadState (defined at “dalvik/vm/thread.h “)

THREAD\_UNDEFINED = -1, /\* makes enum compatible with int32\_t \*/

THREAD\_ZOMBIE = 0, /\* TERMINATED \*/

THREAD\_RUNNING = 1, /\* RUNNABLE or running now \*/

THREAD\_TIMED\_WAIT = 2, /\* TIMED\_WAITING in Object.wait() \*/

THREAD\_MONITOR = 3, /\* BLOCKED on a monitor \*/

THREAD\_WAIT = 4, /\* WAITING in Object.wait() \*/

THREAD\_INITIALIZING= 5, /\* allocated, not yet running \*/

THREAD\_STARTING = 6, /\* started, not yet on thread list \*/

THREAD\_NATIVE = 7, /\* off in a JNI native method \*/

THREAD\_VMWAIT = 8, /\* waiting on a VM resource \*/

THREAD\_SUSPENDED = 9, /\* suspended, usually by GC or debugger \*/

9、如何调查并解决ANR

1. 首先分析log

2. 从trace.txt文件查看调用stack.

3. 看代码

4. 仔细查看ANR的成因（iowait?block?memoryleak?）

10、案例：

### 案例1：关键词:ContentResolver in AsyncTask onPostExecute, high iowait ###

原因：IOWait很高，说明当前系统在忙于I/O，因此数据库操作被阻塞

`final` `Message message=Message.restoreMessageWithId(mProviderContext,messageId);`

`` `if` `(message==` `null` `){`

`` `return` `;`

`}`

`Account account=Account.restoreAccountWithId(mProviderContext,message.mAccountKey);`

`if` `(account==` `null` `){`

`` `return` `;` `//isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.`

`}`

`if` `(isMessagingController(account)){`

`` `new` `Thread(){`

`` `@Override`

`` `public` `void` `run(){`

`` `mLegacyController.processPendingActions(message.mAccountKey);`

`` `}}.start();`

`}`

解决后：

`newThread() {`

`` `finalMessagemessage=Message.restoreMessageWithId(mProviderContext,messageId);`

`` `if` `(message==null){`

`` `return` `;`

`` `}`

`` `Accountaccount=Account.restoreAccountWithId(mProviderContext,message.mAccountKey);`

`` `if` `(account==null){`

`` `return` `;` `//isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.`

`` `}`

`` `if` `(isMessagingController(account)) {`

`` `mLegacyController.processPendingActions(message.mAccountKey);`

`` `}`

`}.start();`

关于AsyncTask:[http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/AsyncTask.html][http_developer.android.com_reference_android_os_AsyncTask.html]

### 案例2：关键词:在UI线程进行网络数据的读写 ###

`ANRin process: com.android.mediascape:PhotoViewer (last incom.android.mediascape:PhotoViewer)`

`` `Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut`

`` `CPU usage:`

`` `Load:` `6.74` `/` `6.89` `/` `6.12`

`` `CPUusage from 8254ms to 3224ms ago:`

`` `ovider.webmedia:` `4` `% =` `4` `% user +` `0` `% kernel / faults:` `68` `minor`

`` `system_server:` `2` `% =` `1` `% user +` `0` `%kernel / faults:` `18` `minor`

`` `re-initialized>:` `0` `% =` `0` `% user +` `0` `%kernel / faults:` `50` `minor`

`` `events/` `0` `:` `0` `% =` `0` `% user +` `0` `%kernel`

`` `TOTAL:` `7` `% =` `6` `% user +` `1` `% kernel`

`` `DALVIKTHREADS:`

`` `""` `main` `""` `prio=` `5` `tid=` `3` `NATIVE`

`` `|group=` `""` `main` `""` `sCount=` `1` `dsCount=` `0` `s=Yobj=` `0x4001b240` `self=` `0xbda8`

`` `| sysTid=` `2579` `nice=` `0` `sched=` `0` `/0cgrp=unknown handle=-` `1343993184`

`` `atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform.OSNetworkSystem.receiveStreamImpl(NativeMethod)`

`` `atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform.OSNetworkSystem.receiveStream(OSNetworkSystem.java:` `478` `)`

`` `atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.PlainSocketImpl.read(PlainSocketImpl.java:` `565` `)`

`` `atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:` `87` `)`

`` `atorg.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$LimitedInputStream.read(HttpURLConnection.java:` `303` `)`

`` `atjava.io.InputStream.read(InputStream.java:` `133` `)`

`` `atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.fillbuf(BufferedInputStream.java:` `157` `)`

`` `atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:` `346` `)`

`` `atandroid.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)`

`` `atandroid.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:` `459` `)`

`` `atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.getPreviewImage(PhotoViewerActivity.java:` `4465` `)`

`` `atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.dispPreview(PhotoViewerActivity.java:` `4406` `)`

`` `atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.access$` `6500` `(PhotoViewerActivity.java:` `125` `)`

`` `atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity$` `33` `$` `1` `.run(PhotoViewerActivity.java:` `4558` `)`

`` `atandroid.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:` `587` `)`

`` `atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:` `92` `)`

`` `atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:` `123` `)`

`` `atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:` `4370` `)`

`` `atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)`

`` `atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:` `521` `)`

`` `atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:` `868` `)`

`` `atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:` `626` `)`

`` `atdalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)`

关于网络连接，在设计的时候可以设置个timeout的时间或者放入独立的线程来处理。

关于Handler的问题，可以参考：[http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Handler.html][http_developer.android.com_reference_android_os_Handler.html]

### 案例3：关键词：Memoryleak/Thread leak ###

`11` `-` `1621` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): ANR` `in` `process:android` `.` `process` `.` `acore (last` `in` `android` `.` `process` `.` `acore)`

`` `11` `-` `1621` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): CPU usage:`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `):Load:` `11.5` `/` `11.1` `/` `11.09`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): CPU usage from 9046ms` `to` `4018ms ago:`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.` `560I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): d` `.` `process` `.` `acore:` `98` `%=` `97` `% user +` `0` `% kernel / faults:` `1134` `minor`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.` `560I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): system_server:` `0` `% =` `0` `% user +` `0` `% kernel /faults:` `1` `minor`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): adbd:` `0` `% =` `0` `% user +` `0` `% kernel`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.560` `I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): logcat:` `0` `% =` `0` `% user +` `0` `% kernel`

`` `11` `-` `16` `21` `:` `41` `:` `42.` `560I/ActivityManager(` `1190` `): TOTAL:` `100` `% =` `98` `% user +` `1` `% kernel`

`` `Cmdline: android` `.` `process` `.` `acore`

`` `DALVIK THREADS:`

`` `"main"prio=` `5` `tid=` `3` `VMWAIT`

`` `|group="main" sCount=` `1` `dsCount=` `0` `s=N obj=0x40026240self=0xbda8`

`` `| sysTid=` `1815` `nice=` `0` `sched=` `0` `/` `0` `cgrp=unknownhandle=-` `1344001376`

`` `atdalvik` `.` `system` `.` `VMRuntime` `.` `trackExternalAllocation(NativeMethod)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `graphics` `.` `Bitmap` `.` `nativeCreate(Native Method)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `graphics` `.` `Bitmap` `.` `createBitmap(Bitmap` `.` `java:` `468` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `View` `.` `buildDrawingCache(View` `.` `java:` `6324` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `View` `.` `getDrawingCache(View` `.` `java:` `6178` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `ViewGroup` `.` `drawChild(ViewGroup` `.` `java:` `1541` `)`

`` `……`

`` `atcom` `.` `android` `.` `internal` `.` `policy` `.` `impl` `.` `PhoneWindow` `$DecorView` `.` `draw(PhoneWindow` `.` `java:` `1830` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `ViewRoot` `.` `draw(ViewRoot` `.` `java:` `1349` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `ViewRoot` `.` `performTraversals(ViewRoot` `.` `java:` `1114` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `view` `.` `ViewRoot` `.` `handleMessage(ViewRoot` `.` `java:` `1633` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `os` `.` `Handler` `.` `dispatchMessage(Handler` `.` `java:` `99` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `os` `.` `Looper` `.` `loop(Looper` `.` `java:` `123` `)`

`` `atandroid` `.` `app` `.` `ActivityThread` `.` `main(ActivityThread` `.` `java:` `4370` `)`

`` `atjava` `.` `lang` `.` `reflect` `.` `Method` `.` `invokeNative(Native Method)`

`` `atjava` `.` `lang` `.` `reflect` `.` `Method` `.` `invoke(Method` `.` `java:` `521` `)`

`` `atcom` `.` `android` `.` `internal` `.` `os` `.` `ZygoteInit` `$MethodAndArgsCaller` `.` `run(ZygoteInit` `.` `java:` `868` `)`

`` `atcom` `.` `android` `.` `internal` `.` `os` `.` `ZygoteInit` `.` `main(ZygoteInit` `.` `java:` `626` `)`

`` `atdalvik` `.` `system` `.` `NativeStart` `.` `main(Native Method)`

`` `"Thread-` `408` `"prio=` `5` `tid=` `329` `WAIT`

`` `|group="main" sCount=` `1` `dsCount=` `0` `s=N obj=0x46910d40self=0xcd0548`

`` `| sysTid=` `10602` `nice=` `0` `sched=` `0` `/` `0` `cgrp=unknownhandle=` `15470792`

`` `at java` `.` `lang` `.` `Object` `.` `wait(Native Method)`

`` `-waiting` `on` `<0x468cd420> (a java` `.` `lang` `.` `Object` `)`

`` `atjava` `.` `lang` `.` `Object` `.` `wait(` `Object` `.` `java:` `288` `)`

`` `atcom` `.` `android` `.` `dialer` `.` `CallLogContentHelper` `$UiUpdaterExecutor` `$1` `.run(CallLogContentHelper` `.` `java:` `289` `)`

`` `atjava` `.` `lang` `.` `Thread` `.` `run(Thread` `.` `java:` `1096` `)`

分析：

atdalvik.system.VMRuntime.trackExternalAllocation(NativeMethod)内存不足导致block在创建bitmap上

\*\*MEMINFO in pid 1360 \[android.process.acore\] \*\*

native dalvik other total

size: 17036 23111 N/A 40147

allocated: 16484 20675 N/A 37159

free: 296 2436 N/A 2732

解决：如果机器的内存族，可以修改虚拟机的内存为36M或更大，不过最好是复查代码，查看哪些内存没有释放

[http_developer.android.com_reference_android_os_AsyncTask.html]: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/AsyncTask.html
[http_developer.android.com_reference_android_os_Handler.html]: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Handler.html