[rhel6.5]cacti的安装配置

偏执的太偏执、 2022-05-30 03:40 189阅读 0赞

*  **rhel6.5安装配置`cacti`**
    
    > 两台主机:  
    > IP:`172.25.23.20` `172.25.23.21`  
    > 内核版本`2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64`  
    > 软件版本:  
    > `cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz`  
    > `cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz`
 *  首先在`172.25.23.20`上面安转`cacti`依赖的软件包

[root@my Desktop]# yum install rrdtool mysql-server php httpd php-mysql php-xml net-snmp-* -y

*  安装`Yum`没有提供的软件包`php-snmp`,通过软件包`php-snmp-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm`来进行安装

[root@server20 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/php-snmp-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
    warning: /mnt/php-snmp-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
    Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
       1:php-snmp               ########################################### [100%]

*  编辑配置文件更改时区

[root@server20 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini 
    [Date]
    ; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
    ; http://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.configuration.php#ini.date.timezone
    date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

*  解压cacti的主文件,到httpd的发布目录里面

[root@server20 mnt]# tar zxf cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
    [root@server20 mnt]# ln -sv /var/www/html/cacti-0.8.8h/ /var/www/html/cacti
    `/var/www/html/cacti' -> `/var/www/html/cacti-0.8.8h/

*  启动httpd服务:

[root@server20 html]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
    Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

*  确保服务的启动状态是正常的  
    ![这里写图片描述][70]
 *  修改cacti的配置文件cacti/include/config.php 关于数据库连接的选项

[root@server20 html]# vim cacti/include/config.php
    $database_type = "mysql";
    $database_default = "cacti";
    $database_hostname = "localhost";
    $database_username = "cacti";
    $database_password = "westos";
    $database_port = "3306";
    $database_ssl = false;
    
    /*
       Edit this to point to the default URL of your Cacti install
       ex: if your cacti install as at http://serverip/cacti/ this
       would be set to /cacti/
    */
    //$url_path = "/cacti/";
    $url_path = "/cacti/";
    
    /* Default session name - Session name must contain alpha characters */
    //$cacti_session_name = "Cacti";
    $cacti_session_name = "Cacti";

*  启动myql数据库并且进行数据库的安全设置,因为这是安装数据库之后的第一次使用

[root@server20 html]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h server20.com password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
    
    You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
    cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
    
    Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
    
                                                               [  OK  ]
    Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

*  确保启动状态是正常的  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 1]
 *  执行数据库的安全配置脚本

[root@server20 html]# mysql_secure_installation 
    
    
    
    
    NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
          SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
    
    
    In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
    password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
    you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
    so you should just press enter here.
    
    Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
    OK, successfully used password, moving on...
    
    Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
    root user without the proper authorisation.
    
    Set root password? [Y/n] y
    New password: 
    Re-enter new password: 
    Password updated successfully!
    Reloading privilege tables..
     ... Success!
    
    
    By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
    to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
    them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
    go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
    production environment.
    
    Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
     ... Success!
    
    Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
    ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
    
    Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
     ... Success!
    
    By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
    access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
    before moving into a production environment.
    
    Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
     - Dropping test database...
     ... Success!
     - Removing privileges on test database...
     ... Success!
    
    Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
    will take effect immediately.
    
    Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
     ... Success!
    
    Cleaning up...
    
    
    
    All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
    installation should now be secure.
    
    Thanks for using MySQL

*  创建`cacti`数据库,并且执行`cacti`数据库的导入操作

[root@server20 html]# mysql -pwestos -e "create database cacti"
    [root@server20 html]# mysql -pwestos cacti < cacti/cacti.sql

*  执行授权操作

[root@server20 html]# mysql -pwestos -e "grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by 'westos'"

*  确保登录是正常的

[root@server20 html]# mysql -ucacti -pwestos cacti
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

*  在使用浏览器进行刷新  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 2]
 *  点击`next`  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 3]
 *  选择`New Install`,点击`next`;  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 4]
 *  确保这里的状态都是正常的,点击进入`login`界面  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 5]
 *  点击进行登陆,这里使用的用户名和密码都是`admin`;  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 6]
 *  登陆之后,会强制进行用户密码的修改,输入新的密码;  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 7]
 *  点击之后进入新的页面  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 8]
 *  选择`device`可以查看本机的设备的信息
 *  点击`graphs`,可以选择时间段,查看平均负载等信息  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 9]
 *  查看`/var/www/html/cacti`文件的属主或者属组,,然后添加制定的用户

[root@server20 cacti]# useradd -u 1000 cacti

*  切换到这个用户并且创建定时任务

[root@server20 cacti]# su - cacti
    [cacti@server20 ~]$ crontab -e
    */5 * * * * cactiuser php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
    
    crontab: installing new crontab
    [cacti@server20 ~]$ logout

*  复制时区文件到系统时间文件里面

[root@server20 rra]# cd /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/
    [root@server20 Asia]# pwd
    /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia
    [root@server20 Asia]# cp Shanghai /etc/localtime 
    cp: overwrite `/etc/localtime'? y

*  **关于localhost使用cacti来监控系统性能的配置已经完成,接下来配置`cacti`监控`172.25.23.21`**
 *  首先安装`net-snmp-*`

[root@server21 ~]# yum install -y net-snmp-* -y

*  启动snmpd服务:

[root@server21 ~]# /etc/init.d/snmpd start 
    Starting snmpd:                                            [  OK  ]
    [root@server21 ~]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

*  修改配置文件如下

[root@server21 ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 
    # First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
    
    #       sec.name  source          community
    #com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
    com2sec local           localhost       westos
    com2sec mynetwork       172.25.23.0/24  westos
    
    # Second, map the security name into a group name:
    
    #       groupName      securityModel securityName
    #group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
    #group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
    
    group   MyRWGroup       v1              local
    group   MyRWGroup       v2c             local
    group   MyRWGroup       usm             local
    
    group   MyROGroup       v1              mynetwork
    group   MyROGroup       v2c             mynetwork
    group   MyROGroup       usm             mynetwork
    
    # Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to: # Make at least snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system fast again. # name incl/excl subtree mask(optional) view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1 view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1 view all included .1 80 # Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view. # group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif #access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none access MyROGroup "" any noauth exact all none none access MyRWGroup "" any noauth exact all all none #syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf) #syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf) syslocation RHEL6.5 syscontact Root <linux1213@westos.org> # Check the / partition and make sure it contains at least 10 megs. #disk / 10000 disk / 10000

*  使用命令探测`snmpd`服务是否正常启动

[root@server21 ~]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c westos localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex
    IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1
    IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.172.25.23.21 = INTEGER: 2

*  显示的结果如下:

![这里写图片描述][70 10]

*  在`server20.com`上面进行探测

[root@server20 ~]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c westos 172.25.23.21 IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

*  确保探测的结果如下  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 11]
 *  是上面对于配置文件的修改,可以通过检查错误日志来查看文件的修改是否是正确的
 *  文件是`/var/log/messages`,  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 12]
 *  点击`device`之后,点击`Add`  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 13]
 *  按照这个要求进行创建  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 14]  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 15]
 *  创建`server21.com`的图形  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 16]  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 17]
 *  接下来点击`Graphy tree` 和`default tree`  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 18]
 *  接下来点击`add`用于添加新的图形界面  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 19]
 *  这里 改为 `host` 然后点击`save`进行保存  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 20]
 *  这里就可以看到`hosts server21.com`发送回来的信息了  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 21]
 *  **接下来配置`cacti-spine-0.8.8h`**
 *  首先编译环境的依赖问题

[root@server20 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]# yum install -y net-snmp-devel mysql-devel openssl-devel dos2unix autoconf automake binutils libtool gcc cpp glibc-headers kernel-headers glibc-devel

*  然后执行

[root@server20 ~]# tar zxf cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
    [root@server20 ~]# cd /usr/local/cacti-spine-0.8.8h/
    
    [root@server20 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]# sh bootstrap

*  直到出现这个画面  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 22]
 *  执行

[root@server20 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]# ./configure 
    [root@server20 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]# make
    [root@server20 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]# make install

*  首先复制配置文件

[root@server20 local]# cd spine/
    [root@server20 spine]# ls
    bin  etc
    [root@server20 spine]# cd etc/
    [root@server20 etc]# ls
    spine.conf.dist
    [root@server20 etc]# pwd
    /usr/local/spine/etc
    [root@server20 etc]# cp spine.conf.dist /etc/spine.conf

*  修改`poller Type`的类型为`spine`  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 23]
 *  同时还需要添加`spine`的配置路径  
    ![这里写图片描述][70 24]
 *  然后更改配置文件,添加连接数据库的信息

[root@server20 bin]# vim /etc/spine.conf
    DB_Host         localhost
    DB_Database     cacti
    DB_User         cacti
    DB_Pass         westos
    DB_Port         3306

*  使用绝对路径的方式启动服务

[root@server20 bin]# /usr/local/spine/bin/spine

*  通过上面的方式就完成了,插件`spine`的配置

[70]: /images/20220530/2e7073af54eb4c5ca48134b5b4544b2e.png
[70 1]: /images/20220530/17789995374c4d44bf3a11f7931b534b.png
[70 2]: /images/20220530/74cd9d493cc84f15a7edea04ecd8b0ab.png
[70 3]: /images/20220530/790ac703e4004f6e8b07c34d7e6ca82e.png
[70 4]: /images/20220530/e0fd66decd804ec3926a5449ea0d58f9.png
[70 5]: /images/20220530/d6e9b320a35146b1b2f362e76920cdd3.png
[70 6]: /images/20220530/4316883a9bba41b5a397a19c4ae57114.png
[70 7]: /images/20220530/ba3a1e307b7f4c198faaecef1043e9a2.png
[70 8]: /images/20220530/d01827137e0844e08f8244bae071e4ba.png
[70 9]: /images/20220530/da3eeb79ea494d9588828c65f3e17495.png
[70 10]: /images/20220530/58c9700f64314892bcb2e02061426710.png
[70 11]: /images/20220530/dad218bbe5544773a1edb10a33055f17.png
[70 12]: /images/20220530/8e1a756dad5744d2977af2a2239b42f5.png
[70 13]: /images/20220530/387a58c2e18d4020a19adbabf089bd11.png
[70 14]: /images/20220530/fbaf39a8d01f4870819277d3d989b475.png
[70 15]: /images/20220530/77a171eef3dd42c78a707fe3a98c2be7.png
[70 16]: /images/20220530/efff443bd6e94e1fb51c53ae25bb1799.png
[70 17]: /images/20220530/46d8c7acadaf4596881e1a9d81986820.png
[70 18]: /images/20220530/74354f0d8cdc4f639546154ffda9208d.png
[70 19]: /images/20220530/88dec88dc6ca43d8871c958fe1ef4036.png
[70 20]: /images/20220530/5199fdff0ac94c57a450673b024ab111.png
[70 21]: /images/20220530/24be3c5fd08c484cbe530a919792b12e.png
[70 22]: /images/20220530/a9e810ebcecb4f468748e919b591612b.png
[70 23]: /images/20220530/a98207ba5dea4263aaa804480d465c86.png
[70 24]: /images/20220530/455ec4a104d0492baa7ebaa2464bc187.png