[Linux] CentOS7 LVM动态扩容

超、凢脫俗 2022-05-31 10:49 325阅读 0赞

CentOS7，新增磁盘后，将/home动态扩容。

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
    Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/cl-root   50G  2.4G   48G   5% /
    devtmpfs              15G     0   15G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                 15G  8.5M   15G   1% /run
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1           1014M  145M  870M  15% /boot
    /dev/mapper/cl-home   42G   33M   42G   1% /home
    tmpfs                3.0G     0  3.0G   0% /run/user/0
    [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
    
    [root@localhost ~]# df -h
    Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/cl-root   50G  2.4G   48G   5% /
    devtmpfs              15G     0   15G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                 15G  8.5M   15G   1% /run
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1           1014M  145M  870M  15% /boot
    /dev/mapper/cl-home   42G   33M   42G   1% /home
    tmpfs                3.0G     0  3.0G   0% /run/user/0
    [root@localhost ~]#Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000962a3
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/sda2         2099200   209715199   103808000   8e  Linux LVM
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 7918 MB, 7918845952 bytes, 15466496 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    
    
    Disk /dev/mapper/cl-home: 44.7 GB, 44686114816 bytes, 87277568 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    
    [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda 
    Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000962a3
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/sda2         2099200   209715199   103808000   8e  Linux LVM
    
    Command (m for help): n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): p
    Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
    First sector (209715200-1048575999, default 209715200): 
    Using default value 209715200
    Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (209715200-1048575999, default 1048575999): 
    Using default value 1048575999
    Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 400 GiB is set
    
    Command (m for help): t
    Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
    Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
    
     0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris        
     1  FAT12           27  Hidden NTFS Win 82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
     2  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
     3  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  84  OS/2 hidden C:  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
     4  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx         
     5  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data    
     6  FAT16           42  SFS             87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
     7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d  QNX4.x          88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility   
     8  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt         
     9  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access     
     a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O        
     b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor      
     c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            a0  IBM Thinkpad hi eb  BeOS fs        
     e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a5  FreeBSD         ee  GPT            
     f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a6  OpenBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
    10  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a7  NeXTSTEP        f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
    11  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a8  Darwin UFS      f1  SpeedStor      
    12  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a9  NetBSD          f4  SpeedStor      
    14  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       ab  Darwin boot     f2  DOS secondary  
    16  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys af  HFS / HFS+      fb  VMware VMFS    
    17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE 
    18  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
    1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep        
    1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT            
    1e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix      
    Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
    Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
    
    Command (m for help): p
    
    Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x000962a3
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/sda2         2099200   209715199   103808000   8e  Linux LVM
    /dev/sda3       209715200  1048575999   419430400   8e  Linux LVM
    
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    
    WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
    The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
    the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
    Syncing disks.
    [root@localhost ~]#

重启服务器

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

格式化分区

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t xfs /dev/sda3

如果提示已经存在文件系统，加-f参数强行格式化

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t xfs -f /dev/sda3

新加的逻辑卷扩容到已有分区/dev/mapper/cl-home

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3        // 创建物理卷
      Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
    [root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay    // 查看当前磁盘VG Name
    [root@localhost ~]# vgextend cl /dev/sda3        // 向卷组添加物理卷
      Volume group "cl" successfully extended
    [root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/cl-home
      Size of logical volume cl/home changed from 41.62 GiB (10654 extents) to 441.62 GiB (113054 extents).
      Logical volume cl/home successfully resized.
    [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab
    #
    # /etc/fstab
    # Created by anaconda on Thu Feb 23 04:20:19 2017
    #
    # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
    # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
    #
    /dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
    UUID=dbde1d57-dfb5-475a-8018-de46053bb8b4 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
    /dev/mapper/cl-home     /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
    /dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
    [root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl-home
    meta-data=/dev/mapper/cl-home    isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=2727424 blks
             =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
             =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
    data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=10909696, imaxpct=25
             =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
    naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
    log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=5327, version=2
             =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
    realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
    data blocks changed from 10909696 to 115767296
    [root@localhost ~]# df -h
    Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/cl-root   50G  2.4G   48G   5% /
    devtmpfs              15G     0   15G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                 15G  8.5M   15G   1% /run
    tmpfs                 15G     0   15G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1           1014M  145M  870M  15% /boot
    /dev/mapper/cl-home  442G   34M  442G   1% /home
    tmpfs                3.0G     0  3.0G   0% /run/user/0
    [root@localhost ~]#

至此，/home动态扩容完成。

**note:**

**1. 已有磁盘配置LVM，并挂载到现有磁盘上**

fdisk /dev/vda					        # 添加新的磁盘分区vda3
    reboot						        # 重启服务器	
    fdisk -l /dev/vda 				        # 查看新的分区
    mkfs -t xfs /dev/vda3				        # 格式化新LV
    pvcreate /dev/vda3				        # 创建PV
    pvdisplay					        # 查看现有VG Name：centos
    vgextend centos /dev/vda3			        # 扩展VG
    lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos-root	        # 扩容已有分区
    xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root 		        # 扩容已有分区
    df -h						        # 查看磁盘是否扩容成功

**2. 新增磁盘，逻辑卷挂载到新建分区（新建文件夹）/data/上**

fdisk /dev/vdb 					        # 添加新的磁盘分区vdb1
    reboot					        	# 重启服务器
    fdisk -l /dev/vdb				        # 查看新的分区
    pvcreate /dev/vdb1				        # 创建PV
    vgextend centos /dev/vdb1			        # 扩展VG
    lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n data centos		        # 创建LV
    mkfs.xfs /dev/centos/data			        # 格式化新LV
    mkdir /data					        # 创建挂载点
    mount /dev/centos/data /data/			        # 挂载新磁盘
    df -h						        # 查看新增磁盘挂载成功
    vi /etc/fstab 					        # 设置开机自动挂载
    reboot						        # 重启服务器
    df -h						        # 验证磁盘重启后自动挂载成功